Skin Drugs and Epidermal Layers Quiz

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What is the major function of the dermis?

To provide support and nourishment for the epidermis

Which layer of the epidermis is referred to as the cornified layer?

Stratum corneum

What are ointments primarily composed of?

Oil or petroleum jelly base

Where do all epidermal cells arise from?

<p>Stratum germinativum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives the outer layer of the epidermis a rough, horny texture?

<p>Conversion of keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the basal layer are mitotically active?

<p>Epidermal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the dermis?

<p>Collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skin pigment determines skin color?

<p>Melanin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

<p>Produce sebum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the subcutaneous tissue?

<p>Store fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formulation is recommended for weeping or oozing skin conditions?

<p>Ointments</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between creams and lotions?

<p>Consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formulation is most suitable for oily skin?

<p>Gels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of foams in dermatologic conditions?

<p>Cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which areas of the body are considered less permeable for drug absorption?

<p>Palms and soles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor greatly increases drug absorption from topical glucocorticoids?

<p>Occlusive dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential adverse effects of prolonged glucocorticoid use on the skin?

<p>Telangiectasias</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of keratolytic agents in dermatology?

<p>To promote shedding of the stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concentration range is ideal to achieve keratolytic effects?

<p>3% to 6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to happen if concentrations of keratolytic agents are above 6%?

<p>Tissue injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some symptoms of systemic toxicity from keratolytic agents?

<p>Tinnitus, hyperpnea, and psychologic disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound promotes peeling and drying in the treatment of skin conditions?

<p>Sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne treatment?

<p>Releasing active oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of dapsone gel in acne therapy?

<p>Oiliness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is considered the principal agent for severe acne?

<p>Isotretinoin</p> Signup and view all the answers

In treating moderate acne, what can be used in combination with oral antibiotics?

<p>Benzoyl peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common use of azelaic acid in dermatology?

<p>Treatment of mild to moderate acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can be combined with clindamycin to prevent resistance development in acne treatment?

<p>Benzoyl peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical retinoid is indicated for acne, wrinkles, and psoriasis?

<p>Tazarotene</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of receptor sites does trifarotene (Aklief) target compared to other retinoids?

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cost of trifarotene (Aklief) for 45 grams?

<p>$575</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is less commonly associated with resistance when used in acne treatment?

<p>Minocycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical retinoid is available over-the-counter?

<p>Adapalene</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of oral antibiotics in acne therapy?

<p>Fighting bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical retinoid is used to remove fine wrinkles?

<p>Tretinoin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effects should patients be informed about when starting topical tretinoin treatment?

<p>Blistering, peeling, crusting, burning</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advice should be given to a patient starting topical tretinoin therapy regarding initial acne changes?

<p>Acne may worsen initially.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advice should be given to a patient regarding the frequency of starting topical tretinoin?

<p>Begin slowly every other day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are oral antibiotics like cephalexin only indicated for widespread skin infections in patients with eczema?

<p>To reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance development</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes psoriasis from eczema?

<p>Presence of silver scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common side effect of Kunecatechins ointment?

<p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the erratic course of psoriasis mentioned in the text?

<p>To describe the varied progression over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is Kunecatechins ointment specifically indicated for?

<p>External genital warts</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of common warts on the hands and feet?

<p>Viral infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of glucocorticoids in psoriasis treatment?

<p>Suppressing inflammatory cell activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option is NOT recommended for eczema due to its possible risks mentioned in the text?

<p>Oral antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neuromuscular disorder should Botox be used with caution in due to its potential to intensify muscle paralysis?

<p>Multiple sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of seborrheic dermatitis?

<p>Scaling of the scalp and face</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of accelerated maturation of epidermal cells in psoriasis?

<p>To promote plaque formation in psoriasis lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injections for cosmetic use?

<p>Temporary muscle paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of light is used in photo therapy for managing psoriasis?

<p>UV light</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of coal tar in treating psoriasis?

<p>Enzyme inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug should be avoided during pregnancy and a period after for patients with psoriasis due to its adverse effects?

<p>Methotrexate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of actinic keratosis?

<p>Exposure to sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologic agent is NOT approved for treating psoriasis?

<p>Tocilizumab</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do topical steroids primarily contribute to treating psoriasis?

<p>By reducing inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication for venereal warts should be used cautiously due to its highly caustic nature?

<p>Podophyllin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential systemic adverse reaction of applying podophyllin to large areas?

<p>Kidney damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does imiquimod work in treating venereal warts?

<p>Stimulates immune responses to the virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication must not be used during pregnancy due to its teratogenic effects?

<p>Podofilox</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if excessive Bichloroacetic acid or Trichloroacetic acid solution is applied?

<p>Neutralize with soap or sodium bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Podofilox from Imiquimod in treating venereal warts?

<p>Imiquimod stimulates immune responses but works faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most convenient application schedule for Xolegel in the treatment of seborrhea?

<p>Daily for 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical antifungal agent is recommended for maintaining remission after yeast infection control in seborrhea treatment?

<p>Pyrithione zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topical medication should be used specifically in the treatment of tinea corporis?

<p>Ketoconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason women are advised to use the 2% solution of minoxidil for hair loss?

<p>Less chance of side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is commonly reported by men using finasteride for male-pattern baldness?

<p>Reduced ejaculate volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme does eflornithine cream inhibit to prevent facial hair growth in women?

<p>Ornithine decarboxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended application frequency for eflornithine cream?

<p>Twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial infection is stated to be the most common on the skin?

<p>Impetigo</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is identified as the causative agent of impetigo?

<p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic manifestation of nonbullous impetigo?

<p>Macular papules</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is NOT commonly used to treat impetigo?

<p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which expensive topical antibiotic is mentioned as a treatment option for impetigo?

<p>$270 for 15 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying local anesthetics topically to the skin?

<p>To relieve pain and itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose are cosmetics and sunscreens allowed after applying eflornithine cream?

<p>To cover the treated area</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advice should be given to women using eflornithine cream regarding washing the treated area?

<p>Should not wash for at least 4 hours after application</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by impetigo?

<p>Children (2-5 years)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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