Skin Disorders Management Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Identifying potential complications is a crucial aspect of managing patients with skin disorders. Which of the following is NOT a potential complication associated with skin disorders?

  • Scarring
  • Gastrointestinal issues (correct)
  • Systemic spread of infection
  • Secondary infections

    • What interprofessional team members are involved in the collaborative management of skin disorders?

  • Dermatologists, nurses, pharmacists, and physical therapists (correct)
  • Dermatologists, nurses, pharmacists, and social workers
  • Dermatologists, nurses, physicians, and physical therapists
  • Dermatologists, nurses, nutritionists, and physical therapists

    • Which of the following is a diagnostic method used to confirm the presence of skin disorders?

  • Skin biopsy (correct)
  • Blood tests
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

    • What is a key feature of a comprehensive nursing care plan for patients with skin disorders?

    <p>Incorporating pharmacological treatments, dietary modifications, and lifestyle interventions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common skin disorder discussed in this content?

    <p>Eczema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors is not directly related to the skin's ability to regulate body temperature?

    <p>Hygiene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'portal of entry' for bacterial skin infections is most likely to be:

    <p>A break in the skin's surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of uncomplicated skin infections?

    <p>Moderate to severe pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors directly influences the development of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Presence of underlying medical conditions (B), Overcrowded living conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a key function of the integumentary system?

    <p>Transportation of nutrients through the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common location for Tinea Cruris?

    <p>Groin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common clinical manifestation of Tinea Pedis?

    <p>Raised borders with central clearing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for both oral candidiasis and vaginal yeast infections?

    <p>PO antifungals (Fluconazole) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment strategy for Intertrigo?

    <p>Eliminating causative factors and keeping the affected area dry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic clinical manifestation of Onychomycosis?

    <p>Yellowing and thickening of the nails (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the common side effects of antiviral medications?

    <p>Severe nausea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is recommended for molluscum contagiosum?

    <p>Supportive care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when prescribing antifungal medications?

    <p>They can lead to secondary bacterial infections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method for diagnosing fungal infections?

    <p>Potassium hydroxide microscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing intervention is crucial for managing patients with fungal infections?

    <p>Performing cultures as needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of psoriasis involves increased epidermal thickness and inflammation?

    <p>Plaque psoriasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of tinea capitis?

    <p>Scaly scalp and alopecia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a focus of nursing interventions for a patient with psoriasis?

    <p>Administering chemotherapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychological complication that may arise in patients with psoriasis?

    <p>Depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In high-risk patients with fungal infections, what complication is a serious concern?

    <p>Bloodstream infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended action to prevent complications in patients with fungal infections?

    <p>Wash hands meticulously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these treatment methods can be used for managing psoriasis?

    <p>Ultraviolet light therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is NOT associated with the pathophysiology of psoriasis?

    <p>Sudden dietary changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to manage comfort in patients with fungal infections?

    <p>Tight fitting clothes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nursing assessment for a patient with psoriasis?

    <p>Assessing pain and mood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the management of psoriasis is accurate?

    <p>Management focuses on reducing clinical manifestations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial skin infection is characterized by hot, tender, and red swollen areas with diffuse borders?

    <p>Cellulitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common trigger for the reactivation of herpes simplex virus?

    <p>UV light exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with the herpes simplex virus primary infection?

    <p>Edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for necrotizing fasciitis?

    <p>Systemic antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options would best describe the characteristic appearance of impetigo?

    <p>Honey-colored crust with red surrounding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessment is essential for managing bacterial skin infections?

    <p>Wound and skin assessment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population is most at risk for developing complications from herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Immunocompromised patients (A), Pregnant women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory test is essential for confirming a herpes simplex virus diagnosis?

    <p>Serological type-specific glycoprotein test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to lesions, which systemic symptom is common in primary herpes simplex infection?

    <p>Myalgia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What preventive measure is recommended to reduce the spread of bacterial skin infections?

    <p>Hand washing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Skin Disorders

    Conditions affecting the skin, such as bacterial infections and psoriasis.

    Epidemiology

    The study of how skin disorders are distributed in populations.

    Diagnostic Evaluation

    Methods used to confirm the presence of skin disorders.

    Interprofessional Management

    Collaborative care involving various healthcare disciplines for skin disorder treatment.

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    Nursing Care Planning

    Developing comprehensive care plans for managing skin disorders in patients.

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    Functions of Integumentary System

    Protects body, regulates temperature, senses environment, supports movement, and aids Vitamin D metabolism.

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    Skin Factors Influencing Health

    Nutrition, hydration, age, hygiene, environment, mobility, lifestyle, and medications affect skin condition.

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    Uncomplicated Skin Infections

    Localized infections without systemic symptoms like fever or tachycardia; show mild pain and no blood work changes.

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    Complicated Skin Infections

    Infections with systemic symptoms, spreading cellulitis, and severe pain; may show blood work changes like elevated WBC.

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    Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

    A type of staph infection resistant to many antibiotics; spreads in overcrowded conditions and through skin contact.

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    Molluscum Contagiosum

    A viral skin infection caused by poxvirus, characterized by raised, fluid-filled bumps.

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    Viral Skin Infections Symptoms

    Common symptoms include skin lesions, fever, and itching.

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    Antiviral Side Effects

    Common side effects of antiviral medications include severe nausea, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms.

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    Fungal Infections Epidemiology

    Fungal infections result in 4 million healthcare visits annually.

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    Fungal Infection Diagnosis

    Diagnosis involves a history, physical examination, and potassium hydroxide microscopy.

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    Tinea Capitis Symptoms

    Tinea Capitis presents with a scaly scalp, alopecia, and broken hair.

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    Antifungal Treatment

    Medical management of fungal infections includes administering antifungal agents.

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    Nursing Interventions for Fungal Infections

    Key actions include meticulous handwashing, culture performance, and medication adherence.

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    Impetigo

    A highly contagious bacterial skin infection affecting the face, characterized by honey-colored crusts and redness.

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    Folliculitis

    An infection of hair follicles typically caused by staph, leading to tender, often itchy bumps.

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    Cellulitis

    A bacterial skin infection causing red, swollen areas with diffuse borders and may involve chills and fever.

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    Necrotizing Fasciitis

    A severe and rapidly spreading infection causing tissue death, fever, and often requiring urgent medical intervention.

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    Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

    A common viral infection with two types: HSV-1 (oral) and HSV-2 (genital), often causes blisters.

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    Primary HSV Infection

    The initial herpes infection following direct contact, often accompanied by flu-like symptoms.

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    Triggers for HSV Reactivation

    Factors like UV light, stress, or illness that can reactivate dormant herpes virus.

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    Complications of HSV

    Possible outcomes like psychosocial stress and increased risk for HIV or neonatal herpes during pregnancy.

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    Varicella Zoster Virus

    A virus that causes chickenpox and shingles, preventable by the varicella vaccine.

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    Nursing Interventions for HSV

    Actions include pain management, education on safe practices, and medication administration.

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    Tinea Corporis

    A fungal infection on the body characterized by patches, raised borders, and central clearing.

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    Tinea Cruris

    A fungal infection in the groin area, commonly known as jock itch, featuring red/brown plaques and itching.

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    Tinea Pedis

    A fungal infection of the feet, marked by maceration between toes and dry scaling of the soles.

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    Oral Candidiasis

    A fungal infection in the mouth exhibiting creamy, white plaques and a thick coating on the tongue.

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    Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

    A yeast infection in the vagina with thick discharge and itching.

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    Antifungal Medications

    Medications used to treat fungal infections, available as OTC.

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    Bacterial Infection Risk

    Antifungals can inhibit healthy bacteria, leading to secondary infections.

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    Psoriasis Epidemiology

    A skin condition affecting 7.5 million people or roughly 2% of the population.

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    Psoriasis Pathophysiology

    The cause of psoriasis is unknown; it features increased epidermal thickness and inflammation.

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    Psoriasis Medical Management

    Diagnosis relies on clinical manifestations; treatment includes topical creams and UV therapy.

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    Psoriasis Complications

    Psoriasis can elevate the risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and mental health issues.

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    Nursing Interventions for Psoriasis

    Includes assessing vital signs, administering medications, and providing emotional support.

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    Managing Psoriasis Exacerbation

    Psoriasis has no cure but can be managed through treatment and patient education.

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    Study Notes

    Coordinating Care for Patients With Skin Disorders

    • The lecture was presented by Dyana Gallant, BSN, RN, CMSRN, on February 3, 2025.
    • The lecture covered skin disorders, encompassing epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations.
    • Bacterial infections, herpes simplex, fungal infections, and psoriasis are included.
    • Diagnostic methods and results for confirming skin disorders were also examined.
    • Collaborative management of skin disorders is essential, involving various healthcare professionals.
    • Potential complications and strategies for their prevention and management are addressed.

    Objectives of Study

    • Understanding common skin disorders, including their epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentations is crucial, focusing on bacterial infections, herpes simplex, fungal infections, and psoriasis.
    • Diagnostic evaluation methods for identifying skin disorders are covered.
    • Interprofessional management strategies for skin disorders, encompassing different healthcare disciplines, are emphasized.
    • Complications associated with skin disorders and preventive/management strategies are highlighted.
    • Developing comprehensive nursing care plans considering pharmacological treatments, dietary modifications, and lifestyle interventions for patients with skin disorders is required.

    Functions of the Integumentary System

    • The integumentary system plays multiple roles, including protection from bacteria and viruses.
    • It also provides insulation for temperature regulation.
    • Sensory perception is another function.
    • Movement is also enabled by the system.
    • The system facilitates vitamin D metabolism

    Factors Influencing Skin Health

    • Factors affecting skin health include nutrition, hydration, age, hygiene, environment, mobility, lifestyle and medications

    Skin Infections: Uncomplicated vs Complicated

    • Uncomplicated infections show no systemic symptoms, localized signs, localized warmth, and mild to moderate pain, with no blood work changes.
    • Complicated infections present with systemic symptoms, spreading of cellulitis (lymph nodes), edema, tissue necrosis, and elevated WBC & CRP.

    Bacterial Skin Infections

    • Most skin and soft tissue infections are caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause significant infection following surgery, affecting up to 33% of patients.
    • Understanding bacterial skin infections' epidemiology and pathophysiology, including non-necrotizing and necrotizing types, is essential.

    Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

    • MRSA is resistant to many antibiotics.
    • Overcrowded living conditions, skin-to-skin contact, sharing contaminated items, previous MRSA episodes, hospital settings, immunocompromised states, and poor hygiene are risk factors.

    Impetigo

    • Impetigo is caused by streptococci, staphylococci, or both.
    • Commonly affects the face and body; presenting as honey-colored crusts with red surrounding areas.
    • Treatment involves use of topical antibiotics.
    • Highly contagious.

    Folliculitis

    • Staph skin infections which are tender on touch.
    • Affects scalp, beard, and extremities mostly.
    • Treatment involves topical antibiotics and may need systemic antibiotics for extensive cases.

    Cellulitis

    • Caused by Staphylococcus aureus or streptococcal bacteria.
    • Characterized by a hot, tender, red, swollen area with diffuse borders.
    • Symptoms might include chills and malaise.
    • Treatment includes systemic antibiotics and elevation of the affected area.

    Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF)

    • Potentially life-threatening infection, causing rapid spread and significant clinical problems.
    • Symptoms include fever, tachycardia, hypotension, extreme pain, disorientation, edema, altered sensation and sepsis.

    Bacterial Skin Infections: Diagnosis & Management

    • Diagnostic procedures include laboratory data (culture, sensitivity, blood tests), biopsies, and nasal swabs.
    • Management includes necessary medication, wound care, and surgical evaluations if needed.
    • Potential complications include overuse of antibiotics and necrotizing infection.

    Nursing Management of Bacterial Skin Infections

    • Actions include administering antibiotics, performing wound care, and evaluating for surgical intervention.
    • Nursing assessments emphasize vital signs, wound condition, blood counts, culture results, and nutritional status and patient education.
    • Comprehensive care is crucial, considering clinical manifestations, involved tissues, and comorbidities.

    Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

    • HSV-1 and HSV-2 are prevalent. HSV-1 is associated with facial herpes, while HSV-2 is more linked to genital herpes infections.
    • HSV infections are typically transmitted via direct contact.
    • Transmission can potentially occur via exogenous or endogenous triggers that reactivate dormant virus.
    • Triggers such as exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, fever, or stressful situations can activate the virus.

    Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

    • Typical symptoms include fever, malaise, myalgia, anorexia, irritability, and cervical or inguinal lymphadenopathy.
    • Oral or genital lesions, often a key symptom, appear on the face, lips, or genitals.
    • Diagnosis involves clinical presentation and virological/serological tests.

    Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Treatment & Complications

    • Treatment typically uses systemic antiviral therapy, either episodic or suppressive.
    • Complications can include psychosocial stress, HIV acquisition risk, and disseminated neonatal herpes transmission (during pregnancy).
    • Nursing assessments should focus on pain level, viral lesion appearance, and patient's response to treatment and support for coping with potential psychological distress.

    Fungal Infections

    • Epidemiology indicates roughly 4 million annual healthcare visits.
    • Yeasts and dermatophytes are the causative agents.
    • Diagnostics utilize history, physical exam, and potassium hydroxide microscopy.
    • Treatment employs antifungal agents.

    Fungal Infections: Management and Complications

    • Complications often arise from severe illness in immunocompromised patients and high mortality rates.
    • Nursing management entails assessing skin, evaluating for pruritus, recent infections, and liver function for risk factors.
    • Assessments should also cover the patient's medical history, and careful evaluation.

    Fungal Infections: Nursing Interventions and Teaching

    • Meticulous handwashing is critical.
    • Culture performance is needed, administering antifungals as recommended, and keeping affected areas dry via dressings or gauze applications.
    • Patient education focuses on avoidance of tight clothing, recognition of fungal signs, and taking antifungals as prescribed.

    Tinea Infections (Capitis, Corporis, Cruris, Pedis)

    • Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis are fungal skin disorders with different locations and manifestations
    • Treatment usually involves topical or oral antifungals. The exact treatment may be based on the specific location of the fungal infection.

    Oral Candidiasis ("Oral Thrush")

    • Characterized by creamy white plaques and thick white coating on the tongue.
    • Treatment usually involves oral (swish and swallow) antifungals (like nystatin) or oral antifungal tablets (like fluconazole).

    Vaginal Yeast Infection (Vulvovaginal Candidiasis)

    • Characterized by thick vaginal discharge and itching.
    • Intravaginal or oral antifungals treat the condition.

    Intertrigo

    • Maceration and erythema of skin folds are common, which necessitate isolating and keeping skin dry.
    • Treatment focuses on identifying and eliminating causative factors and maintaining dry skin via specific interventions.

    Onychomycosis

    • Yellowing, brittleness, and thickening of nails, coupled with hyperkeratosis underneath the nail plate, are signs.
    • Treatment commonly involves topical or oral antifungals.

    Antifungal Medications

    • Descriptions of common antifungal medications used for various skin applications are included.
    • Nursing considerations revolve around recognizing minimal side effects.

    Psoriasis

    • 7.5 million people, 2% of the population are affected.
    • Etiology is still unknown, but epidermal thickening with inflammation and vascular changes are common.
    • Management focuses on reducing symptoms through topical creams, UV therapy, and systemic drugs.

    Psoriasis: Complications & Management

    • Complication risk factors include cancer, cardiovascular disease, Crohn's disease, metabolic syndrome, uveitis, and liver disease, along with depression and anxiety.
    • Treatment focuses on managing clinical manifestations, employing topical treatments, light therapy, and systemic medications.

    Psoriasis: Nursing Management & Teaching

    • Nursing care critically assesses a full medical history, family history, and life qualities for holistic patient care.
    • Crucial aspects of care encompass vital signs, skin assessment, and proper mood evaluation.
    • Patient education covers infection signs, sunlight limitations, proper handwashing, and medication compliance.

    Skin Breakdown Prevention

    • Prevention involves pressure relief using mattresses, appropriate positioning, moisture barriers (zinc-oxide), moisture management, and proper gauze use for dressing changes, addressing potential bony prominences, and maintaining hygiene for the affected skin surfaces.

    General Skin Notes

    • Nurses are responsible for taking detailed skin assessments, complying with the institution's policies, acting per the doctor's orders, and providing assistance with hygiene or turning/repositioning.

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    Coordinating Care for Patients With Skin Disorders PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the management and complications of skin disorders. This quiz covers diagnostic methods, interprofessional team roles, and key aspects of nursing care related to skin conditions. Challenge yourself with questions on common skin disorders and infection characteristics.

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