Crotalaria spp.

What is the toxic principle found in Crotalaria burkeana?

Which animal is most commonly affected by Crotalaria burkeana ingestion?

What condition is caused by the toxicity of Crotalaria burkeana?

In addition to cattle, which of the following can also be affected by Crotalaria burkeana?

What type of irritation is associated with Euphorbia spp. as mentioned in the content?

What is the term used to describe the inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the hoof?

Which of the following is a common clinical sign of acute Crotalaria burkeana infection?

In chronic Crotalaria burkeana infection, how long may recovery take?

What is NOT a clinical sign associated with acute Crotalaria burkeana?

Which treatment is recommended for acute Crotalaria burkeana?

Which situation might exacerbate claw elongation as a symptom in cattle?

Which of the following is incorrectly matched as a possible differential diagnosis for Crotalaria burkeana?

Which of these is a clinical sign of chronic Crotalaria burkeana infection?

Skin and Adnexa Conditions

Photosensitization linked to plant ingestion can cause skin irritation.
Stywesiekte is associated with various plant species, particularly Crotolaria burkeana, Euphorbia spp., and Chrysocoma ciliata.

Crotalaria burkeana Overview

Belongs to the Fabaceae family.
Distribution is sporadic, primarily affecting livestock such as cattle, donkeys, horses, sheep, goats, and game antelope.
Fresh plant material typically ingested in the veld.
Known for causing acute laminitis, resulting in inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the hoof.

Clinical Signs of Crotalaria burkeana

Acute Symptoms:
- Hooves are warm and painful.
- Difficulty walking; lameness affects all four feet.
- Affected animals often lie down and have difficulty rising.
- Loss in body condition and decreased milk production.
Chronic Symptoms:
- Continued difficulty in walking with rattling sounds from elongated claws.
- Abnormal hoof growth, with claws elongating and turning upwards.
- Chronic condition may take up to 15 months for recovery.
- Possible liver damage resembling chronic seneciosis.

Treatment Approaches

Acute Management:
- Cold water treatments alongside symptomatic care.
- Provision of feed and water to affected animals.
Chronic Management:
- Involves cutting and shaping the abnormal claws.

Differential Diagnoses (DD's)

Stiffness and lameness could indicate several other conditions:
- Fluorosis
- Ephemeral fever (Drie-dae-stywesiekte)
- Aphosphorosis, which also falls under stywesiekte.
Other potential concerns include high carbohydrate rations leading to coronitis and laminitis, and irritation from Geigeria spp.

This quiz focuses on skin and adnexa conditions caused by plant ingestion, particularly highlighting Crotalaria burkeana and its effects on livestock. Participants will learn about the acute and chronic clinical signs associated with this plant, as well as its distribution and impact on animal health.