Skin Color Changes: Cyanosis, Erythema, Carotenemia
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Questions and Answers

What skin condition is characterized by depigmented macules that may coalesce into extensive areas lacking melanin?

  • Acanthosis Nigricans
  • Vitiligo (correct)
  • Tinea Versicolor
  • Hemangioma
  • In tinea versicolor, where are the hypopigmented, slightly scaly macules typically found?

  • Extensor surfaces
  • Eyelids
  • Face and hands
  • Trunk, neck, and upper arms (correct)
  • Which skin condition is characterized by a violaceous eruption over the eyelids and is associated with dermatomyositis?

  • Dermatofibroma
  • Herpes Simplex
  • Acanthosis Nigricans (correct)
  • Psoriasis
  • What type of skin lesion is a vesicle filled with serous fluid?

    <p>Vesicle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a superficial area of localized skin edema that is relatively transient?

    <p>Wheal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skin condition results in macules that appear reddish or tan in lighter skin instead of pale?

    <p>Tinea Versicolor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the somewhat bluish color visible in toenails and toes due to impaired venous return?

    <p>Cyanosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by a red hue and increased blood flow, like the 'slapped cheeks' of erythema infectiosum?

    <p>Erythema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skin condition results in a diffusely yellow appearance and is most easily seen in the sclera?

    <p>Jaundice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary factor can lead to a yellowish palm, known as carotenemia?

    <p>High intake of carrots and other yellow vegetables/fruits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a slightly but uniformly pigmented macule or patch with an irregular border, usually benign?

    <p>Café-au-lait spot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can one distinguish carotenemia from jaundice based on the color change's effect on the eyes?

    <p>Carotenemia affects the sclera while jaundice does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skin Conditions and Their Characteristics

    • Vitiligo: Characterized by depigmented macules that may merge into larger areas devoid of melanin.
    • Tinea Versicolor: Hypopigmented, slightly scaly macules are primarily found on the trunk, neck, and upper arms.
    • Heliotrope Rash: A violaceous eruption over the eyelids associated with dermatomyositis, indicating possible underlying muscle disease.

    Types of Skin Lesions

    • Vesicle: A type of skin lesion that contains serous fluid, often presenting as small blisters.
    • Wheal: Refers to a superficial, localized area of skin edema that is often transient and can result from allergic reactions or insect bites.

    Color Changes in Skin Conditions

    • Tanning Response: Certain skin conditions can cause macules that appear reddish or tan in lighter skin tones, differentiating them from the paler lesions seen in other conditions.
    • Cyanosis: The bluish hue in toenails and toes, indicative of impaired venous return or poor oxygenation.

    Erythema and Jaundice

    • Erythema Infectiosum: Noted for a red hue and increased blood flow, often referred to as 'slapped cheeks' appearance in children.
    • Scleral Icterus: Characterized by a diffusely yellow appearance primarily visible in the sclera, indicating elevated bilirubin levels due to jaundice.

    Dietary Influences

    • Carotenemia: Can cause yellowing of the palms and skin due to excessive dietary beta-carotene, which does not affect the sclera like jaundice.

    Distinguishing Carotenemia from Jaundice

    • Carotenemia vs. Jaundice: Carotenemia leads to a yellowish tint without affecting the sclera, while jaundice causes yellow discoloration that is also visible in the eyes, particularly in the conjunctiva.

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    Description

    This quiz explores skin color changes related to cyanosis, erythema, and carotenemia through visual examples and descriptions. Learn to differentiate between these conditions and normal skin color variations.

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