Skills and Technical Training Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a key requirement for employees to successfully implement quality improvement programs?

  • Expertise in project management
  • Understanding of consumer behavior
  • Basic knowledge of statistics (correct)
  • Advanced leadership training

    • Which of the following is a fundamental skill necessary for Total Quality Management?

  • Knowledge of financial analysis
  • Ability to write comprehensive reports
  • Ability to work in teams (correct)
  • Experience in strategic marketing

    • What is the focus of Statistical Process Control (SPC)?

  • Reducing employee training time
  • Enhancing customer satisfaction
  • Increasing product variety
  • Identifying and correcting abnormal variations (correct)

    • Which option represents an essential aspect of a comprehensive quality training program?

    <p>Continuous and positive follow-up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the two phases in quality training?

    <p>Quality Awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered one of the seven basic quality tools?

    <p>Market Research Analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does 'Employee Relations' concern in the context of quality improvement?

    <p>Employee engagement in quality initiatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of quality?

    <p>Providing the product the customer needs at a reasonable cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of training provided through joint training programs?

    <p>Safety and health training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of training is specifically designed to help employees earn and maintain licensure?

    <p>Professional development and education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a provider of continuing education?

    <p>Community centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do colleges and universities offer for continuing education?

    <p>Tailored job-specific courses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does HRD play in continuing education within organizations?

    <p>Provide financial support and resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of continuing education primarily helps assess its effectiveness in professional development?

    <p>Monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following needs to be addressed to keep pace with a changing workforce?

    <p>Basic literacy training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of company-sponsored continuing education programs?

    <p>They are specific to the organization’s needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'skills gap'?

    <p>The difference between the skill requirements of jobs and the skills possessed by applicants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a basic skill or literacy program?

    <p>Technical skills training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of training focuses on communication and teamwork?

    <p>Interpersonal skills training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributes to the skills gap in the workforce?

    <p>Declining skill levels of high school and college graduates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of training is primarily focused on upgrading reading, writing, and arithmetic skills?

    <p>Basic skills/literacy education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in technical training?

    <p>Apprenticeship training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a subtype of interpersonal skills training?

    <p>Technical skills knowledge training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might companies implement in-house literacy programs?

    <p>If schools fail to provide adequate literacy education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does team structure entail?

    <p>Team roles are clearly defined and goals understood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variable is primarily associated with a team's confidence in its effectiveness?

    <p>Team spirit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential characteristic of social support within a team?

    <p>Team members engage in positive interactions and offer support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effective communication in a team involve?

    <p>Giving, receiving information, and managing conflicts healthily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by workload sharing in a team?

    <p>Responsibility for tasks is shared equally among team members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT a component of team structure?

    <p>High levels of interpersonal conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes team spirit?

    <p>A unified belief in the team's capability and commitment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for teams to establish group norms?

    <p>To provide a framework for acceptable behavior and collaboration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element necessary for effective management of training programs?

    <p>Employee involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for poor transfer of skills to the workplace?

    <p>Frequent promotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three phases of ISO 9000 quality training?

    <p>Document writing, Implementation, Assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skill is NOT typically included in interpersonal skills training?

    <p>Technical writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is interpersonal skills training increasingly needed?

    <p>The growing multicultural workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a goal of sales training?

    <p>Increased team productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do process skills in team building focus on?

    <p>Maintaining team relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of team building emphasizes developing trust and confidence among team members?

    <p>Interpersonal Relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of customer relations training, which group should be trained in operational practices?

    <p>Frontline personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency for training documentation inspections for ISO 9000 compliance?

    <p>Every 6-12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common characteristic of effective training programs?

    <p>Aptitude tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major issue was identified with the Job Training and Partnership Act (JTPA)?

    <p>It was too focused on a narrow population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for most apprenticeship training programs?

    <p>2000 hours of on-the-job training and 144 hours of classroom training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of safety training is emphasized for production workers?

    <p>Preventing unsafe conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major concerns associated with technical training programs?

    <p>They may be isolated from related programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do school-to-work programs primarily aim to provide?

    <p>A trained labor pool and potential tax credits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is critical for effective safety training programs?

    <p>Top management support and reinforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant issue with solo computer-based training (CBT) for OSHA requirements?

    <p>Its use alone does not meet OSHA training intents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an issue found in computer training programs?

    <p>Overcoming fear of computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant change introduced by the Workforce Investment Act?

    <p>Consolidated more than 70 federal programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skills and Technical Training

    • Skills training is crucial for the modern workplace, including skilled workers, professional employees, problem-solving, decision-making, and strong interpersonal skills.
    • Training categories include basic skills/literacy training, technical skills training, and interpersonal skills training.
    • Basic skills/literacy training focuses on upgrading reading, writing, and arithmetic.
    • Technical training encompasses a wide range of skills upgrading.
    • Interpersonal skills training enhances communication and teamwork.
    • Subcategories for training include remedial/basic education, apprenticeship training, computer training, technical skills/knowledge training, quality training, communication/interpersonal relations/service training, and team building/training.

    The Skills Gap

    • The skills gap refers to the difference between the skills needed for available jobs and the skills possessed by job applicants.
    • Some believe that the skills gap is perpetuated by a four-year "liberal arts" education.

    Factors Affecting the Skills Gap

    • Declining skill levels among high school and college graduates.
    • A growing number of minority and non-English-speaking immigrant workers.
    • Increased job sophistication.

    Basic Skills/Literacy Programs

    • Prose literacy is the ability to understand and use information from texts.
    • Document literacy includes the ability to locate and use non-textual information.
    • Qualitative literacy relates to applying arithmetic operations.

    In-House Literacy Programs

    • If schools do not address basic literacy, companies must implement in-house programs.
    • Common characteristics include aptitude tests and small-group or one-on-one tutoring.

    Problems with Basic Skills Training Programs

    • HR professionals see a lack of literacy as impacting many individuals.
    • Management often believes the lack of literacy affects a smaller subset of the population.

    Federal Support for Basic Skills Training

    • The Job Training and Partnership Act (JTPA) (1983-2000) provided funding for private training institutes and industry.
    • The JTPA faced problems like fraud and a focus on a narrow population, leading to limited results.
    • The Workforce Investment Act (2000-present) consolidated over 70 existing programs, shifting control to a local level and enhancing accountability for training providers.

    Technical Training Programs

    • Apprenticeship training, computer training, skills/knowledge training, safety training, and quality training are crucial components of technical skills training.

    Apprenticeship Training

    • Apprenticeship training provides skills to meet evolving job requirements.
    • It is regulated by the Office of Apprenticeship Training, an organization formerly known as the Bureau of Apprenticeship Training.
    • Most apprenticeship programs require 2,000 hours of on-the-job training (OJT) and 144 hours of classroom training.

    Major Concerns About Apprenticeship Training

    • Learning is often time-based rather than competency-based.
    • Training programs are isolated from other programs.
    • Apprenticeship programs are mainly concentrated in blue-collar occupations.
    • There's little attention directed to the post-apprenticeship period.

    School-to-Work Programs

    • These programs vary by state.
    • They combine middle school, high school, and technical/vocational schools.
    • They aim to create a trained labor pool, elevate public image, and potentially provide tax credits.

    Computer Training

    • Introductory computer training focuses on basic tasks, helping overcome anxieties about computers.
    • Application-based computer training focuses on specific software relevant to company needs "as needed" for specific job position.

    Computer Training Issues

    • Self-efficacy refers to an individual's confidence in their ability to successfully complete a task.
    • Cognitive playfulness relates to the spontaneity, imagination, and exploratory approach to learning.
    • Training format is also a critical component.

    Technical/Skills Training

    • Specific to job, process, or equipment.
    • Can be general, such as new policies and procedures on waste disposal.

    Different Levels of Skills Training

    • Entry-level training covers basic skills and procedures.
    • Advanced training updates employee skills, offers specific skill improvement, and addresses new equipment or procedure training.

    Safety Training

    • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) establishes safety standards, conducts safety inspections, and grants variances and cites violations.

    Safety Metrics

    • The Lost Work Day Index measures the average lost work days per 100 employees annually; national average is 2.6 days.
    • OSHA Recordable Rate (measuring lost work days and injuries) are important metrics.
    • Lost Time Rate is another crucial metric.

    Hazardous Communication Standards

    • Written policies are essential.
    • OSHA posters should be used.
    • Material safety data sheets (MSDS) and notebooks are vital and accessible to all.
    • Hazardous material labels are required.
    • All employees should be trained on hazardous materials.
    • A comprehensive safety manual should be prepared.

    Safety Program Needs

    • Top management support and reinforcement are crucial.
    • Employee involvement is essential.
    • Regular and recurrent safety training must be provided.
    • Effective safety monitoring processes and standards are needed.

    Safety Training Needs for Production Workers

    • Recognizing, avoiding, and preventing unsafe conditions are paramount.
    • Proper use and handling of machinery, tools, and substances are critical.
    • Protective clothing, systems, and devices are necessary.
    • Controlling hazards of any type is paramount to safety.

    Using Computers for OSHA Training

    • While computer-based training (CBT) is useful, OSHA requires qualified trainers for most training needs.

    Quality Training

    • Quality ensures delivering customer needs at a reasonable cost.
    • Continuous quality improvement programs are needed.
    • Employees require fundamental statistical knowledge to implement quality improvement programs.

    Quality Improvement Concerns

    • The role of management in leadership and quality policy is vital.
    • Training is a key component of effective quality improvement.
    • Process management is essential.
    • Employee relations are vital.
    • Products/services design must effectively meet customer needs.
    • Supplier quality management is critical.
    • Quality department roles and quality data collection and reporting are essential.

    Total Quality Management

    • Fundamental skills for total quality management include teamwork and the ability to collect, analyze and evaluate quantitative data.

    Two Phases for Quality Training

    • Quality awareness training introduces managers to quality improvement concepts.
    • In-depth training addresses process skills like work coordination, problem-solving, conflict resolution, and quality skills, techniques, and tools to enhance quality improvement.

    Seven Basic Quality Tools

    • Process flow analysis, cause-and-effect diagrams, run charts, Statistical Process Control (SPC), scattergrams, histograms, and Pareto charts are critical tools for quality improvement.

    Statistical Process Control (SPC)

    • Most processes exhibit variation in output.
    • Determining if variation is normal or abnormal is essential.
    • Identifying and correcting abnormal variations is critical for quality control.

    Needs for Quality Training

    • Comprehensive training is required, including both process skills and quality skills; continuous, positive follow-up is necessary.
    • Management commitment, employee involvement, relevant rewards, and integrated performance evaluation are paramount to successful implementation.

    Reasons for Poor Transfer to the Workplace

    • Resistance to change.
    • Unclear objectives.
    • Insufficient reward systems for utilizing newly acquired skills.

    Quality Training and ISO 9000

    • ISO 9000 stands for International quality standards encompassing three phases: document writing, implementation, and assessing systems effectiveness.
    • Company-wide training is essential for proper implementation.

    ISO 9000 Training Requirements

    • Identification of training needs is necessary; relevant documentation should be available and reviewed regularly.
    • Training programs should be readily available for inspection every 6-12 months.

    Interpersonal Skills Training

    • Skills needed to work with other people include communication, customer relations, selling, and teamwork.

    Interpersonal Skills Training continued

    • Team building, listening skills, and delegation skills are vital for successful teamwork.

    Why Interpersonal Skills Training Is Needed

    • Increased use of team-based approaches for work.
    • Workforce entrants often lack necessary interpersonal skills.
    • Current workplaces are increasingly multicultural, demanding effective cross-cultural communication.
    • The global economy requires effective communication skills.

    Sales Training

    • Goals of sales training include improved team productivity, lower turnover rates, enhanced internal communication and morale, improved self-management of sales teams, and better customer relations.

    Customer Relations/Service Training

    • Customer service training should be provided company-wide.
    • Frontline personnel should be trained in interpersonal skills and operational practices.
    • Service managers should be trained in coaching and enforcing service standards.
    • Incentives are important to motivate staff.

    Team Building/Training

    • Teams are increasingly important organizational elements.
    • Team skills include task skills (required to achieve team objectives) and process skills (related to effective team functioning).

    Four Models of Team Building

    • Goal setting, interpersonal relations, problem-solving, and role clarification are key components.

    Variables to Increase Team Effectiveness

    • Team structure, spirit, social support, workload sharing, and communication are key variables.

    Role of Labor Unions in Training

    • Important roles include joint training programs, focusing on safety, health, job skills, communication, and displaced worker assistance.
    • Individual programs are also frequently job and company-specific.

    Professional Development and Education

    • Earning and maintaining licensure/certification within a field of work is crucial.
    • Periodic continuing education is needed.

    Providers of Continuing Education

    • Providers include colleges/universities, professional associations, and company-sponsored efforts.

    Colleges and Universities

    • Colleges and universities offer extensive expertise and tailored courses for specific jobs.
    • Organizations can select suitable instructors for specific needs.
    • College credit may be attainable through relevant programs.

    Professional Associations

    • Professional associations offer conferences, workshops, meetings, journals, magazines, newsletters and pre/post-certification workshops.

    Company-Sponsored Continuing Education

    • Programs are typically organization-specific.
    • Company-sponsored training includes in-house and out-of-house programs for staff and retirees.
    • Latest technology can be integrated into these programs.

    HRD's Roles in Continuing Education (CE)

    • HRDs act as enablers, fostering appropriate use and distribution of CE programs throughout the organization.
    • HRDs can be resource providers, offering tuition aid, and compensation.
    • HRDs must monitor and assess CE programs to ensure they are achieving the desired goals.

    Summary

    • The demand for skilled labor is increasing.
    • Entry-level personnel require basic literacy training.
    • Global economies and multicultural concerns have a significant impact.
    • Professional development must be supported.
    • Proactive responses to evolving technologies are vital.

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    Skills and Technical Training Chapter 9 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores various aspects of skills and technical training necessary for today's workforce. It covers categories such as basic, technical, and interpersonal skills training and highlights the importance of bridging the skills gap in the job market. Test your knowledge on effective training methods and their applications in professional settings.

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