Skeletal System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones specifically protects the brain?

  • Vertebrae
  • Rib cage
  • Cranial bones (correct)
  • Pelvic girdle

What is the primary function of the skeletal system in terms of movement?

  • To provide attachment points for muscles (correct)
  • To detoxify the blood
  • To absorb minerals
  • To store fat

What role does yellow bone marrow primarily play?

  • Fat storage (correct)
  • Protection of organs
  • Mineral storage
  • Sound transduction

Which component of the bone structure is referred to as the 'growing between' part?

<p>Diaphysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of osteology?

<p>Study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of bones relating to acid-base balance?

<p>Buffering the blood pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bones does an average adult human have?

<p>206 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the parts of a long bone, from the ends towards the center?

<p>Epiphyses, Diaphysis, Metaphyses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of mineral storage in bones?

<p>To serve as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the skeletal system?

<p>Bones, cartilages, ligaments, and tendons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a long bone is known as the 'growing over' section?

<p>Epiphysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is the longest and heaviest in the body?

<p>Femur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the adult skeleton in terms of weight?

<p>Approximately 13% of total body weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the ossification of bones?

<p>The process of bones fusing together during growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the skeletal system primarily divided into?

<p>Axial and appendicular skeleton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the five separate bones of the sacrum at birth?

<p>They fuse to form a solid structure in later years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epiphyseal (growth) plate in long bone growth?

<p>To allow the diaphysis to grow in length (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the epiphyseal line indicate?

<p>The end of bone growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the medullary cavity of a bone in adults?

<p>Fatty yellow bone marrow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the periosteum is primarily responsible for the nourishment of bone tissue?

<p>Inner osteogenic layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoblasts?

<p>To initiate calcification and build the extracellular matrix. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key components make up the extracellular matrix of osseous tissue?

<p>15% water, 30% collagen, 55% mineral salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process describes the hardening of the bone tissue through mineralization?

<p>Calcification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral combination is primarily responsible for forming hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissue?

<p>Calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of osteoblasts in bone tissue?

<p>To build bone tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cell is responsible for the resorption of bone?

<p>Osteoclasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are osteocytes primarily located?

<p>Within lacunae of the bone matrix. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of compact bone?

<p>To provide structural support and resist stress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes spongy bone from compact bone?

<p>It has many small spaces for blood vessels and marrow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the ruffled border of osteoclasts?

<p>Deeply folded plasma membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do osteoblasts differ from osteocytes in terms of cell division?

<p>Only osteoblasts can undergo cell division. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural unit of compact bone called?

<p>Haversian system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of compact bone compared to spongy bone?

<p>It has a Haversian system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the arrangement of osteocytes in spongy bone?

<p>They are contained within concentric lamellae in trabeculae. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the trabeculae in spongy bone?

<p>To help distribute stress across the bone. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of bone development do ossification centers first appear?

<p>At the primary ossification center. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is characterized by having a length greater than its width?

<p>Long bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tissue is found at the epiphyseal plates during bone development?

<p>Hyaline cartilage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone type consists primarily of spongy bone tissue?

<p>Short bones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes flat bones from other types of bones?

<p>They are generally thin and plate-like. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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