Skeletal System Quiz

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Which of the following bones specifically protects the brain?

Vertebrae

Rib cage

Cranial bones (correct)

Pelvic girdle

What is the primary function of the skeletal system in terms of movement?

To provide attachment points for muscles (correct)

To detoxify the blood

To absorb minerals

To store fat

What role does yellow bone marrow primarily play?

Fat storage (correct)

Protection of organs

Mineral storage

Sound transduction

Which component of the bone structure is referred to as the 'growing between' part?

Diaphysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of osteology?

Study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of bones relating to acid-base balance?

Buffering the blood pH Signup and view all the answers

How many bones does an average adult human have?

206 Signup and view all the answers

What are the parts of a long bone, from the ends towards the center?

Epiphyses, Diaphysis, Metaphyses Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of mineral storage in bones?

To serve as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the skeletal system?

Bones, cartilages, ligaments, and tendons Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a long bone is known as the 'growing over' section?

Epiphysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is the longest and heaviest in the body?

Femur Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the adult skeleton in terms of weight?

Approximately 13% of total body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the ossification of bones?

The process of bones fusing together during growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the skeletal system primarily divided into?

Axial and appendicular skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the five separate bones of the sacrum at birth?

They fuse to form a solid structure in later years Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epiphyseal (growth) plate in long bone growth?

To allow the diaphysis to grow in length Signup and view all the answers

What does the epiphyseal line indicate?

The end of bone growth Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the medullary cavity of a bone in adults?

Fatty yellow bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the periosteum is primarily responsible for the nourishment of bone tissue?

Inner osteogenic layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoblasts?

To initiate calcification and build the extracellular matrix. Signup and view all the answers

What key components make up the extracellular matrix of osseous tissue?

15% water, 30% collagen, 55% mineral salts Signup and view all the answers

What process describes the hardening of the bone tissue through mineralization?

Calcification Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral combination is primarily responsible for forming hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissue?

Calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of osteoblasts in bone tissue?

To build bone tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cell is responsible for the resorption of bone?

Osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

Where are osteocytes primarily located?

Within lacunae of the bone matrix. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of compact bone?

To provide structural support and resist stress. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes spongy bone from compact bone?

It has many small spaces for blood vessels and marrow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the ruffled border of osteoclasts?

Deeply folded plasma membrane. Signup and view all the answers

How do osteoblasts differ from osteocytes in terms of cell division?

Only osteoblasts can undergo cell division. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural unit of compact bone called?

Haversian system Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of compact bone compared to spongy bone?

It has a Haversian system. Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the arrangement of osteocytes in spongy bone?

They are contained within concentric lamellae in trabeculae. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the trabeculae in spongy bone?

To help distribute stress across the bone. Signup and view all the answers