Skeletal System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the skeleton?

  • Facilitates digestion
  • Provides framework and support (correct)
  • Protects the heart and lungs
  • Stores energy

The vertebral column protects the brain.

False (B)

How many vertebrae do adults have?

26

The _____ is the tissue responsible for the formation of red and white blood cells.

<p>bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the skeleton with their functions:

<p>Bones = Chief component of the skeleton Cartilages = Supporting and connecting structures Ligaments = Bind bones together Bone marrow = Site of blood cell formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the composition of bones?

Bones are the primary components of the skeleton, providing a sturdy framework for the body. They consist of 2/3 inorganic materials (mainly phosphorus and calcium) and 1/3 organic matter.

Decalcified Bone

Bone, when treated with weak hydrochloric acid, loses its mineral content, leaving only the organic part. The resulting bone is called a decalcified bone.

Effect of Heating Bone

Bone, when heated, loses its organic matter, leaving only the inorganic mineral part (ash). This ash is brittle and easily breaks.

Medullary Cavity

The medullary cavity is the hollow space inside a bone, filled with yellow bone marrow, which is made up of fat cells.

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Function of Red Bone Marrow

Red bone marrow is responsible for producing red and white blood cells. It is found within the hollow spaces of certain long bones.

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Study Notes

Skeletal Support and Structure

  • Provides a framework supporting soft tissues and shaping the body.
  • Protects vital organs:
    • Skull protects the brain.
    • Vertebral column protects the spinal cord.
    • Ribs protect the lungs and heart.

Blood Cell Formation

  • Red and white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow (central hollow space within some long bones like the femur).

Mineral Storage

  • Bones store calcium and phosphorus, vital for bodily functions.
  • Note: Number of vertebrae differs: 26 in adults and 33 in children.

Bone Marrow Composition

  • Medullary cavity: An internal space within a bone.
  • Yellow bone marrow: Found in the medullary cavity, composed of adipose tissue (fat storage).
  • Red bone marrow: Produces all blood cells.

Skeletal Constituents

  • Bones: The primary hard framework.
  • Cartilage: Supporting and connecting tissues.
  • Ligaments: Connect bones together.

Bone Composition and Properties

  • Bone structure: Primarily composed of 2/3 inorganic and 1/3 organic materials, mostly calcium phosphate compounds.
  • Decalcified bone: Removing minerals from a bone using weak hydrochloric acid, leaving behind the organic framework.
  • Heated bone: Heating a bone strongly destroys the organic material, leaving a brittle mineral ash.
  • Bone fragility: Organic content decreases with age, making bones more fragile.

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