60 Questions
Which layer of the skin is the thinnest?
Epidermis
What is the purpose of the subcutaneous layer?
To store fat
Which layer of the skin contains accessory structures such as glands, hair, blood, and nerves?
Dermis
What is the function of osteoblasts?
To build bones
Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
Ball and socket joint
What is the main function of sweat glands?
To regulate body temperature
Which layer of the epidermis contains cells that are constantly dividing through mitosis?
Stratum basale
Which bones form the nasal septum?
Ethmoid bone and vomer
How many vertebrae are in the thoracic region?
12
Which curve of the vertebral column develops with the ability to stand?
Lumbar curve
Which ribs are attached directly to the sternum?
True ribs
Which type of joint allows the widest range of motion?
Ball and socket joint
What is the function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?
Produce heat
What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?
Stimulates acetylcholine release
Which layer of the skin is responsible for making keratin and becoming water resistant?
Stratum granulosum
Where is thick skin found in the body?
Palms of hands and soles of feet
How many layers of keratinized cells are found in the stratum corneum?
15 to 20
How long does it take for a cell to move from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum?
7-10 days
What is the pigment that colors the skin?
Melanin
What is the function of melanocytes?
Production of melanin
What is the process called when epidermal cells are exposed to UV radiation in sunlight and convert into vitamin D3?
Photosynthesis
Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?
Acetylcholinesterase
What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?
Sodium itself
What is the size of a motor unit indicative of?
The strength of muscle contraction
Which type of muscle fibers are found in motor units responsible for gross movements, such as muscles in the leg?
Fast-twitch fibers
Which type of muscle cells can contract without neural stimulation?
Cardiac muscle cells
What is the main energy source for muscle contraction?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?
ATP levels decrease
What is the role of creatine phosphate (CP) in muscle contraction?
It helps generate ATP from ADP
What are the four effects of aging on skeletal muscle?
Increase in muscle fiber diameter, decreased elasticity, increased fibrosis, decreased exercise tolerance
Which layer of the skin is responsible for producing keratin and becoming water resistant?
Stratum corneum
What is the main function of sebaceous glands?
To produce oil
What is the relationship between sunlight exposure and vitamin D3?
Sunlight exposure causes the skin to produce vitamin D3
Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
Ball and socket joint
What are osteoblasts responsible for?
Building bone tissue
What is the main function of sweat glands?
To regulate body temperature
What is the role of melanocytes in the skin?
To produce melanin
What is the main function of osteoclasts?
Secrete acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix
What is the purpose of the epiphyseal line?
To indicate the former location of the epiphyseal cartilage
What is the process called when epidermal cells are exposed to UV radiation in sunlight and convert into vitamin D3?
Calcitriol conversion
Which type of bone cells are responsible for producing new bone through a process called ossification?
Osteoblasts
What is the function of melanocytes?
To produce melanin, a pigment that colors the skin
What is the main energy source for muscle contraction?
ATP
What is the function of sweat glands?
To regulate body temperature and excrete waste products
Which bones form the nasal septum?
Ethmoid bone and vomer
Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion?
Ball and socket joint
What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?
Troponin
What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?
To bind to troponin and allow myosin to bind to actin
What is the function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?
To generate heat
Which curve of the vertebral column develops with the ability to stand?
Lumbar curve
What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?
ATP levels decrease
Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?
Acetylcholinesterase
What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?
Calcium ions
What are the four effects of aging on skeletal muscle?
Decrease in muscle size, increase in muscle flexibility, decrease in tolerance for exercise, decrease in thermoregulation
Which type of muscle fibers are found in motor units responsible for gross movements, such as muscles in the leg?
Type II muscle fibers
What is the main function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?
To generate heat
What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?
To trigger sodium entry into the muscle cell
What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?
ATP levels decrease
What is the role of creatine phosphate (CP) in muscle contraction?
To provide energy for muscle contraction
Which layer of the skin is responsible for making keratin and becoming water resistant?
Stratum granulosum
Test your knowledge of the skeletal system and nasal complex in this quiz! Learn about tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, phalanges, paranasal sinuses, and the nasal septum. Also, explore the vertebral column, specifically the cervical vertebrae. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about these anatomical structures!
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