Skeletal System and Nasal Complex Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the skin is the thinnest?

  • Epidermis (correct)
  • Dermis
  • Hypodermis
  • Stratum basale

What is the purpose of the subcutaneous layer?

  • To produce sweat
  • To store fat (correct)
  • To provide sensation
  • To protect the skin

Which layer of the skin contains accessory structures such as glands, hair, blood, and nerves?

  • Hypodermis
  • Dermis (correct)
  • Epidermis
  • Stratum basale

What is the function of osteoblasts?

<p>To build bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

<p>Ball and socket joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sweat glands?

<p>To regulate body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis contains cells that are constantly dividing through mitosis?

<p>Stratum basale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones form the nasal septum?

<p>Ethmoid bone and vomer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are in the thoracic region?

<p>12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which curve of the vertebral column develops with the ability to stand?

<p>Lumbar curve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ribs are attached directly to the sternum?

<p>True ribs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint allows the widest range of motion?

<p>Ball and socket joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?

<p>Produce heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

<p>Stimulates acetylcholine release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for making keratin and becoming water resistant?

<p>Stratum granulosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is thick skin found in the body?

<p>Palms of hands and soles of feet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many layers of keratinized cells are found in the stratum corneum?

<p>15 to 20 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for a cell to move from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum?

<p>7-10 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pigment that colors the skin?

<p>Melanin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of melanocytes?

<p>Production of melanin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when epidermal cells are exposed to UV radiation in sunlight and convert into vitamin D3?

<p>Photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?

<p>Acetylcholinesterase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?

<p>Sodium itself (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of a motor unit indicative of?

<p>The strength of muscle contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle fibers are found in motor units responsible for gross movements, such as muscles in the leg?

<p>Fast-twitch fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle cells can contract without neural stimulation?

<p>Cardiac muscle cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy source for muscle contraction?

<p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?

<p>ATP levels decrease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of creatine phosphate (CP) in muscle contraction?

<p>It helps generate ATP from ADP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four effects of aging on skeletal muscle?

<p>Increase in muscle fiber diameter, decreased elasticity, increased fibrosis, decreased exercise tolerance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for producing keratin and becoming water resistant?

<p>Stratum corneum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sebaceous glands?

<p>To produce oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between sunlight exposure and vitamin D3?

<p>Sunlight exposure causes the skin to produce vitamin D3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

<p>Ball and socket joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are osteoblasts responsible for?

<p>Building bone tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sweat glands?

<p>To regulate body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of melanocytes in the skin?

<p>To produce melanin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteoclasts?

<p>Secrete acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the epiphyseal line?

<p>To indicate the former location of the epiphyseal cartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when epidermal cells are exposed to UV radiation in sunlight and convert into vitamin D3?

<p>Calcitriol conversion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are responsible for producing new bone through a process called ossification?

<p>Osteoblasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of melanocytes?

<p>To produce melanin, a pigment that colors the skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy source for muscle contraction?

<p>ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sweat glands?

<p>To regulate body temperature and excrete waste products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones form the nasal septum?

<p>Ethmoid bone and vomer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion?

<p>Ball and socket joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?

<p>Troponin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

<p>To bind to troponin and allow myosin to bind to actin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?

<p>To generate heat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which curve of the vertebral column develops with the ability to stand?

<p>Lumbar curve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?

<p>ATP levels decrease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?

<p>Acetylcholinesterase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers sodium to enter the muscle cell in response to acetylcholine receptor binding?

<p>Calcium ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four effects of aging on skeletal muscle?

<p>Decrease in muscle size, increase in muscle flexibility, decrease in tolerance for exercise, decrease in thermoregulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle fibers are found in motor units responsible for gross movements, such as muscles in the leg?

<p>Type II muscle fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of skeletal muscles in maintaining body temperature?

<p>To generate heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

<p>To trigger sodium entry into the muscle cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ATP levels during muscle contraction?

<p>ATP levels decrease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of creatine phosphate (CP) in muscle contraction?

<p>To provide energy for muscle contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin is responsible for making keratin and becoming water resistant?

<p>Stratum granulosum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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