Skeletal System and Bone Structure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of bone in the skeletal system?

Hormone production

Protection and support (correct)

Energy storage

Maintenance of body temperature

Which of the following is a predominant mineral found in bone?

Magnesium

Iron

Zinc

Calcium (correct)

What term is used for bone's ability to resist deformation under a load?

Stiffness (correct)

Porosity

Density

Flexibility

In the context of bone biomechanics, what does anisotropy refer to?

Variation in strength depending on direction of load Signup and view all the answers

During which loading mode is bone subjected to forces causing elongation?

Tension Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe bone's capacity to absorb energy before failing?

Toughness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor influencing bone geometry and biomechanical behavior?

Mechanical demand Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of repetitive loading on bone?

Fatigue Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to degenerative changes in bone with aging?

Altered hormonal balance Signup and view all the answers

What type of loading combines tension, compression, and shear?

Combined Loading Signup and view all the answers

Which bone feature enhances its strength and stiffness?

Trabeculae Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary response of bone to increased mechanical demands?

Increased density Signup and view all the answers

Bone's behavior under different loading modes includes all EXCEPT:

Elasticity Signup and view all the answers

Viscoelasticity in bone refers to its:

Time-dependent deformation under load Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bone biomechanics, stress raisers are:

Points where stress is concentrated Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect primarily influences the biomechanical properties of bone?

Bone's structural organization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about torque is true?

Torque is a vector quantity. Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the rate of change in angular velocity?

Angular acceleration Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lever has the resistance between the applied force and the fulcrum?

First-class lever Signup and view all the answers

What does stability refer to in the context of biomechanics?

Resistance to the disruption of equilibrium Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to determine the total-body center of mass location?

Segmental method Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for the change in linear speed for a body traveling on a curved path?

Tangential acceleration Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements about equilibrium is true?

Equilibrium is a state characterized by balanced forces and torques. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of moment arm?

The distance between a force's line of action and the axis of rotation. Signup and view all the answers

In biomechanics, what does increasing the size of the base of support in the direction of an external force do?

Increases stability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of third-class levers in human movement?

They are common for concentric contractions. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the center of gravity (CG) of an object is true?

The center of gravity (CG) of an object can be located physically outside of the object. Signup and view all the answers

What is torque in biomechanics?

'The presence of equal torques on opposite sides of an axis of rotation necessitates the presence of equal weights on opposite sides of the axis.' Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about balance is true?

'Balance is resistance to the disruption of equilibrium.' Signup and view all the answers

'Quantitative analysis involves stick-man animation.' Is this statement true or false?

'Quantitative analysis involves stick-man animation.' Signup and view all the answers

'Stick-man animation can be used to plot force and torque at each phase of movement.' Is this statement true or false?

'Stick-man animation can be used to plot force and torque at each phase of movement.' Signup and view all the answers

'The segmental method is used to determine the total-body center of mass location.' Is this statement true or false?

'The segmental method is used to determine the total-body center of mass location.' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bone Functions and Properties

Main function of bone: Provides structure, protection for organs, and attachment points for muscles.
Predominant mineral in bone: Calcium phosphate.
Ability to resist deformation under load: Stiffness.
Anisotropy in bone: Refers to different mechanical properties in different directions.
Loading mode causing elongation: Tension.
Capacity to absorb energy before failure: Toughness.
Primary factor influencing bone geometry and behavior: Mechanical loading.

Bone Response and Aging

Effect of repetitive loading on bone: Promotes remodeling and adaptation to stress.
Factor contributing to degenerative changes with aging: Decreased hormonal support and reduced mechanical loading.
Loading type that combines tension, compression, and shear: Flexural loading.
Bone feature enhancing strength and stiffness: Cortical bone.

Biomechanical Behavior

Primary response of bone to increased mechanical demands: Remodeling to enhance strength.
Bone behavior includes all except: Uniform elasticity under all conditions.
Viscoelasticity in bone: Indicates that bone exhibits both viscous and elastic properties when loaded.
Stress raisers in bone biomechanics: Structural irregularities that increase localized stress.

Torque and Lever Mechanics

Biomechanical property primarily influenced by: Material composition and structure.
True statement about torque: It is the rotational equivalent of linear force.
Rate of change in angular velocity: Angular acceleration.
Type of lever with resistance between applied force and fulcrum: Class 2 lever.
Stability in biomechanics: The ability to maintain equilibrium despite disturbances.

Center of Mass and Movement

Method to determine total-body center of mass: Segmental method.
Change in linear speed for a body on a curved path: Centripetal acceleration.
True statement about equilibrium: It exists when the sum of forces and moments acting on a body are zero.
Definition of moment arm: Distance from the fulcrum to the line of action of the force.

Support and Gravity

Increasing the size of the base of support in the direction of external force: Enhances stability.
Primary characteristic of third-class levers: The effort is applied between the load and the fulcrum.
True statement about center of gravity (CG): The CG is the point at which the weight of an object is concentrated.
Torque in biomechanics: The tendency of a force to rotate an object around an axis.

Balance and Analysis Methods

True statement about balance: It involves maintaining the center of mass over the base of support.
Statement about quantitative analysis and stick-man animation: False; quantitative analysis is more than just stick-man animation.
True statement about stick-man animation: True; it can plot force and torque during movement phases.
The segmental method's use: True; it accurately determines the total-body center of mass location.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the functions, components, and minerals of the skeletal system and bone structure with this quiz. Questions cover topics such as bone function, organic matrix components, and bone minerals.