Skeletal Muscles: Definition, Structure, and Function
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Questions and Answers

What type of muscles are attached to the bones of the skeleton through tendons?

  • Smooth muscles
  • Skeletal muscles (correct)
  • Voluntary muscles
  • Cardiac muscles

    • What is the primary function of myoglobin in skeletal muscles?

  • To provide a mechanical advantage
  • To give skeletal muscles their distinct red color (correct)
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To support the contraction of muscle fibers

    • What is the process by which muscle contraction is used for the homeostatic regulation of body temperature?

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Cramping
  • Shivering thermogenesis (correct)
  • Muscle dystrophy

    • What is the purpose of lever systems in the body?

    <p>To provide a mechanical advantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two proteins that make up myofibrils in muscle cells?

    <p>Actin and myosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the arrangement of myofibrils in skeletal muscle cells?

    <p>Striated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of muscle fibers in the body?

    <p>To produce movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common problem that can affect muscles for a variety of reasons?

    <p>Cramping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a lever system in the body?

    <p>To move a weight or load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lever system is most efficient at moving heavy loads with little effort?

    <p>Second-class lever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of saliva in the mouth?

    <p>To initiate digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum amount of calories required for basic functions at rest?

    <p>Basal metabolic rate (BMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the equation that describes the relationship between an animal's mass and its BMR?

    <p>Kleiber's equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibrous connective tissue?

    <p>To support and protect other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breakdown and absorption of food in the body?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the joint that allows a person to perform neck extension?

    <p>Atlanto-occipital joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fibroblasts in dense regular connective tissue?

    <p>To produce protein fibers and ground substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is dense elastin connective tissue primarily found in the body?

    <p>In the walls of blood vessels and respiratory passageways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glutamine in the human body?

    <p>To serve as a nitrogen donor and carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of glutamine deficiency in the human body?

    <p>Higher mortality and morbidity rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that controls the amount of light reaching the back of the eye?

    <p>Iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lens in the eye?

    <p>To focus light rays entering through the pupil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of photoreceptors in the retina?

    <p>To perceive and convert light into electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of tendons in the body?

    <p>Tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the retina?

    <p>To allow humans to see in dim light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that contains only cone cells and is responsible for the sharpest color vision?

    <p>Fovea centralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the light-sensitive protein responsible for vision in low light conditions?

    <p>Rhodopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the rods and cones transmit electrical impulses to the brain?

    <p>Through the optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the external ear structures?

    <p>To collect sound vibrations and direct them inward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the eardrum or tympanic membrane meets air vibrations?

    <p>It begins to vibrate also</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure present on the anterior or outer-most surface of the eye?

    <p>Cornea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many layers does the cornea have?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cochlea in the inner ear?

    <p>Spiral tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the perilymph fluid in the cochlea?

    <p>To transmit sound vibrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the upper vestibular canal and the lower tympanic canal in the cochlea?

    <p>One is filled with perilymph and the other is filled with endolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the organ of Corti in the cochlea?

    <p>To convert sound vibrations into electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible cause of increased sensitivity to sound in a person?

    <p>Either medical conditions or stress/anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the stapedial reflex in the hearing system?

    <p>To regulate the loudness of sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the cochlear duct and the upper vestibular canal in the cochlea?

    <p>One is filled with perilymph and the other is filled with endolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cochlea in the inner ear?

    <p>To convert sound vibrations into electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a lever system in the body?

    <p>To move heavy loads with little effort or force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the breakdown and absorption of food in the body?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of connective tissue that is composed of sturdy, but flexible collagen fibers?

    <p>Fibrous connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum amount of calories required for basic functions at rest?

    <p>Basal metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phrase that helps to remember the differences between first, second, and third-class levers?

    <p>FRE 123</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of saliva in the mouth?

    <p>To initiate chemical digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of lever system where the pivot is located between the effort and load?

    <p>First-class lever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the soft palate in the oral cavity?

    <p>To separate the oral and nasal cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cones in the retina?

    <p>To perceive colors and provide sharp central vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the light-sensitive protein responsible for vision in low light conditions?

    <p>Rhodopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that contains only cone cells and is responsible for the sharpest color vision?

    <p>Fovea centralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of skeletal muscles in the body?

    <p>To support, move, and maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do photoreceptors in the retina convert light into electrical signals?

    <p>By changing shape and transmitting electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of myofibrils in muscle cells?

    <p>Actin and myosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the external ear structures?

    <p>To collect vibrations and direct them inward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that affects muscles and is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions?

    <p>Cramping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cochlea in the inner ear?

    <p>A curled fluid-filled structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of skeletal muscles in thermogenesis?

    <p>To generate heat through muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the connective tissue sheaths that surround muscle fibers?

    <p>To protect the muscle fibers from damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of layers in the cornea?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which light is transmitted from the retina to the brain?

    <p>Neuronal transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of skeletal muscle that gives it a distinct red color?

    <p>The presence of myoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lever systems in the body?

    <p>To provide a mechanical advantage for muscle movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition characterized by muscle weakness and wasting?

    <p>Muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dense collagen connective tissue?

    <p>To stabilize surrounding structures and maintain the structural framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are photoreceptors found in the eye?

    <p>In the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fibroblasts in dense regular connective tissue?

    <p>To scatter throughout the tissue and have central nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of glutamine deficiency in the human body?

    <p>Higher mortality and morbidity rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that controls the amount of light reaching the back of the eye?

    <p>Iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of tendons in the body?

    <p>Tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lens in the eye?

    <p>To focus light rays entering through the pupil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is dense elastin connective tissue primarily found in the body?

    <p>In the walls of blood vessels and respiratory passageways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cochlea?

    <p>A spiral tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the perilymph fluid in the cochlea?

    <p>To allow sound vibrations to travel through it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible cause of increased sensitivity to sound in a person?

    <p>Either medical conditions or stress and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the organ of Corti in the cochlea?

    <p>To move the tiny hairs in response to sound vibrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the upper vestibular canal and the lower tympanic canal in the cochlea?

    <p>The upper vestibular canal is filled with perilymph and the lower tympanic canal is filled with endolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cochlear duct in the cochlea?

    <p>To produce endolymph fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of damage to the facial nerve?

    <p>A person may experience increased sensitivity to sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the tectorial membrane in the cochlea?

    <p>To change the electrolyte balance in the fluid when the tiny hairs brush against it</p> Signup and view all the answers

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