80 Questions
What type of muscles are attached to the bones of the skeleton through tendons?
Skeletal muscles
What is the primary function of myoglobin in skeletal muscles?
To give skeletal muscles their distinct red color
What is the process by which muscle contraction is used for the homeostatic regulation of body temperature?
Shivering thermogenesis
What is the purpose of lever systems in the body?
To provide a mechanical advantage
What are the two proteins that make up myofibrils in muscle cells?
Actin and myosin
What is the term for the arrangement of myofibrils in skeletal muscle cells?
Striated
What is the function of muscle fibers in the body?
To produce movement
What is a common problem that can affect muscles for a variety of reasons?
Cramping
What is the primary function of a lever system in the body?
To move a weight or load
Which type of lever system is most efficient at moving heavy loads with little effort?
Second-class lever
What is the primary function of saliva in the mouth?
To initiate digestion
What is the term for the minimum amount of calories required for basic functions at rest?
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
What is the name of the equation that describes the relationship between an animal's mass and its BMR?
Kleiber's equation
What is the primary function of fibrous connective tissue?
To support and protect other tissues
What is the term for the breakdown and absorption of food in the body?
Digestion
What is the name of the joint that allows a person to perform neck extension?
Atlanto-occipital joint
What is the function of fibroblasts in dense regular connective tissue?
To produce protein fibers and ground substance
Where is dense elastin connective tissue primarily found in the body?
In the walls of blood vessels and respiratory passageways
What is the role of glutamine in the human body?
To serve as a nitrogen donor and carrier
What is the consequence of glutamine deficiency in the human body?
Higher mortality and morbidity rates
What is the structure that controls the amount of light reaching the back of the eye?
Iris
What is the function of the lens in the eye?
To focus light rays entering through the pupil
What is the role of photoreceptors in the retina?
To perceive and convert light into electrical impulses
What is the term for the inflammation of tendons in the body?
Tendonitis
What is the primary function of rods in the retina?
To allow humans to see in dim light
What is the structure that contains only cone cells and is responsible for the sharpest color vision?
Fovea centralis
What is the light-sensitive protein responsible for vision in low light conditions?
Rhodopsin
How do the rods and cones transmit electrical impulses to the brain?
Through the optic nerve
What is the purpose of the external ear structures?
To collect sound vibrations and direct them inward
What happens when the eardrum or tympanic membrane meets air vibrations?
It begins to vibrate also
What is the structure present on the anterior or outer-most surface of the eye?
Cornea
How many layers does the cornea have?
6
What is the shape of the cochlea in the inner ear?
Spiral tube
What is the function of the perilymph fluid in the cochlea?
To transmit sound vibrations
What is the difference between the upper vestibular canal and the lower tympanic canal in the cochlea?
One is filled with perilymph and the other is filled with endolymph
What is the function of the organ of Corti in the cochlea?
To convert sound vibrations into electrical signals
What is the possible cause of increased sensitivity to sound in a person?
Either medical conditions or stress/anxiety
What is the function of the stapedial reflex in the hearing system?
To regulate the loudness of sound
What is the difference between the cochlear duct and the upper vestibular canal in the cochlea?
One is filled with perilymph and the other is filled with endolymph
What is the purpose of the cochlea in the inner ear?
To convert sound vibrations into electrical signals
What is the primary function of a lever system in the body?
To move heavy loads with little effort or force
What is the term for the breakdown and absorption of food in the body?
Digestion
What is the type of connective tissue that is composed of sturdy, but flexible collagen fibers?
Fibrous connective tissue
What is the term for the minimum amount of calories required for basic functions at rest?
Basal metabolic rate
What is the phrase that helps to remember the differences between first, second, and third-class levers?
FRE 123
What is the function of saliva in the mouth?
To initiate chemical digestion
What is the type of lever system where the pivot is located between the effort and load?
First-class lever
What is the purpose of the soft palate in the oral cavity?
To separate the oral and nasal cavities
What is the primary function of cones in the retina?
To perceive colors and provide sharp central vision
What is the name of the light-sensitive protein responsible for vision in low light conditions?
Rhodopsin
What is the structure that contains only cone cells and is responsible for the sharpest color vision?
Fovea centralis
What is the primary function of skeletal muscles in the body?
To support, move, and maintain homeostasis
How do photoreceptors in the retina convert light into electrical signals?
By changing shape and transmitting electrical impulses
What is the composition of myofibrils in muscle cells?
Actin and myosin
What is the primary function of the external ear structures?
To collect vibrations and direct them inward
What is the name of the condition that affects muscles and is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions?
Cramping
What is the shape of the cochlea in the inner ear?
A curled fluid-filled structure
What is the role of skeletal muscles in thermogenesis?
To generate heat through muscle contraction
What is the purpose of the connective tissue sheaths that surround muscle fibers?
To protect the muscle fibers from damage
What is the number of layers in the cornea?
6
What is the term for the process by which light is transmitted from the retina to the brain?
Neuronal transmission
What is the characteristic of skeletal muscle that gives it a distinct red color?
The presence of myoglobin
What is the function of lever systems in the body?
To provide a mechanical advantage for muscle movement
What is the term for the condition characterized by muscle weakness and wasting?
Muscular dystrophy
What is the primary function of dense collagen connective tissue?
To stabilize surrounding structures and maintain the structural framework
Where are photoreceptors found in the eye?
In the retina
What is the function of fibroblasts in dense regular connective tissue?
To scatter throughout the tissue and have central nuclei
What is the consequence of glutamine deficiency in the human body?
Higher mortality and morbidity rates
What is the structure that controls the amount of light reaching the back of the eye?
Iris
What is the term for the inflammation of tendons in the body?
Tendonitis
What is the function of the lens in the eye?
To focus light rays entering through the pupil
Where is dense elastin connective tissue primarily found in the body?
In the walls of blood vessels and respiratory passageways
What is the shape of the cochlea?
A spiral tube
What is the function of the perilymph fluid in the cochlea?
To allow sound vibrations to travel through it
What is the possible cause of increased sensitivity to sound in a person?
Either medical conditions or stress and anxiety
What is the function of the organ of Corti in the cochlea?
To move the tiny hairs in response to sound vibrations
What is the difference between the upper vestibular canal and the lower tympanic canal in the cochlea?
The upper vestibular canal is filled with perilymph and the lower tympanic canal is filled with endolymph
What is the function of the cochlear duct in the cochlea?
To produce endolymph fluid
What is the consequence of damage to the facial nerve?
A person may experience increased sensitivity to sound
What is the role of the tectorial membrane in the cochlea?
To change the electrolyte balance in the fluid when the tiny hairs brush against it
Test your knowledge of skeletal muscles, including their definition, structure, and function. Learn about the different types of muscles, muscle fibers, and connective tissue sheaths. Get ready to flex your muscles and show off your anatomy skills!
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
