Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following muscles is responsible for flexing and supinating the forearm?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for flexing and supinating the forearm?
- Brachialis
- Biceps brachii (correct)
- Brachioradialis
- Triceps brachii
The serratus anterior muscle protracts and rotates the scapula upwards, and is located on the posterior side of the body.
The serratus anterior muscle protracts and rotates the scapula upwards, and is located on the posterior side of the body.
False (B)
What is the primary function of the orbicularis oris muscle?
What is the primary function of the orbicularis oris muscle?
Compresses and purses lips
The muscle that plays a role in plantar flexion of the foot is the ______.
The muscle that plays a role in plantar flexion of the foot is the ______.
Match the following muscles with their primary action:
Match the following muscles with their primary action:
Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary movements within the body?
Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary movements within the body?
Tendons attach muscle to bone, while ligaments attach muscle to muscle.
Tendons attach muscle to bone, while ligaments attach muscle to muscle.
What is the name of the functional unit of a muscle fiber that is responsible for muscle contraction?
What is the name of the functional unit of a muscle fiber that is responsible for muscle contraction?
The agonist muscle, also known as the prime mover, is assisted by the ______ during movement.
The agonist muscle, also known as the prime mover, is assisted by the ______ during movement.
Match the following muscle naming conventions with their meanings:
Match the following muscle naming conventions with their meanings:
Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff group that stabilizes the shoulder joint?
Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff group that stabilizes the shoulder joint?
The origin of a muscle is the attachment point that moves during contraction, while the insertion remains stationary.
The origin of a muscle is the attachment point that moves during contraction, while the insertion remains stationary.
Name a muscle that is primarily involved in mastication (chewing).
Name a muscle that is primarily involved in mastication (chewing).
The iliopsoas muscle group is a major flexor of the ______.
The iliopsoas muscle group is a major flexor of the ______.
Match the following muscles that move the hand with their location:
Match the following muscles that move the hand with their location:
Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the vertebral column?
Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the vertebral column?
The diaphragm muscle is primarily involved in arm movement.
The diaphragm muscle is primarily involved in arm movement.
What group of muscles are the biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus part of?
What group of muscles are the biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus part of?
The muscles that help adduct the thigh can be found in the medial ______ muscles.
The muscles that help adduct the thigh can be found in the medial ______ muscles.
Match each muscle with the appropriate area it affects
Match each muscle with the appropriate area it affects
Flashcards
Endomysium
Endomysium
The connective tissue layer surrounding an individual muscle fiber.
Perimysium
Perimysium
The connective tissue layer surrounding a fascicle (bundle of muscle fibers).
Epimysium
Epimysium
The outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle.
Sarcomere
Sarcomere
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Agonist
Agonist
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Antagonist
Antagonist
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Synergist
Synergist
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Origin
Origin
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Insertion
Insertion
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Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oculi
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Biceps brachii
Biceps brachii
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Hamstrings
Hamstrings
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Gastrocnemius
Gastrocnemius
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Buccinator
Buccinator
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Sternocleidomastoid
Sternocleidomastoid
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Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Major
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Latissimus Dorsi
Latissimus Dorsi
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Deltoid
Deltoid
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Quadriceps Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris
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Study Notes
- Skeletal Muscle Lab covers muscle types, skeletal muscle gross anatomy, naming patterns, head, neck, chest, abdomen, back and shoulder muscles during lab one.
- Lab two includes skeletal muscle histology, neuromuscular junction, functional classification, origins and insertions; arm, forearm, groin, hip, thigh, and leg muscles.
Learning Objectives
- Identify the three muscle types in the body with locations.
- Describe/identify/draw skeletal muscle gross anatomy, including tendon, muscle fascia, epimysium, perimysium, endomysium, fascicle, and muscle fiber.
- Identify skeletal muscle cell histology: sarcomere, striations, I band, A band, Z discs, M-line, muscle fiber, nuclei.
- Identify neuromuscular junction histology: motor neuron axon, axon terminals, muscle fiber.
- Define muscle functional roles: agonist, antagonist, synergist, fixator.
- Identify muscle naming pattern types.
- Define muscle origin and insertion.
- Identify the origins and insertions for the muscles.
Mastication Muscles
- Temporalis is a mastication muscle.
- Masseter is a mastication muscle.
- Buccinator is a mastication muscle.
- Pterygoids are mastication muscles.
Facial Muscles
- Epicranius is a facial muscle with frontalis and occipitalis portions.
- Risorius is a facial muscle.
- Mentalis is a facial muscle.
- Depressors are facial muscles.
- Levators are facial muscles.
- Orbicularis oculi is a facial muscle.
- Platysma is a facial muscle.
- Orbicularis oris is a facial muscle.
- Zygomaticus major and minor are facial muscles.
Neck Muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid moves head.
- Scalenes move head.
Swallowing Muscles
- Mylohyoid is a swallowing muscle.
- Stylohyoid is a swallowing muscle.
- Digastric is a swallowing muscle.
Breathing Muscles
- Intercostals (external and internal) are breathing muscles.
- Diaphragm is a breathing muscle.
Abdominal Muscles
- External obliques are abdominal muscles.
- Internal obliques are abdominal muscles.
- Transversus abdominis is an abdominal muscle.
- Rectus abdominis is an abdominal muscle.
Back Muscles
- Levator scapulae moves the scapula.
- Trapezius moves the scapula.
- Pectoralis minor can assist with ventilation and moves the scapula.
- Serratus anterior moves the scapula.
- Rhomboid major moves the scapula.
- Rhomboid minor moves the scapula.
Vertebral Column
- Erector spinae group is a muscle of the vertebral column.
Shoulder Muscles
- Pectoralis major (chest) moves the humerus at the shoulder.
- Latissimus dorsi (back) moves the humerus at the shoulder.
- Deltoid moves the humerus at the shoulder.
- Teres major (back) moves the humerus at the shoulder.
Posterior Back Muscles
- Rotator Cuff stabilizes the shoulder
- Teres minor stabilizes the shoulder
- Supraspinatus stabilizes the shoulder
- Infraspinatus stabilizes the shoulder
- Subscapularis (chest muscle) stabilizes the shoulder
Anterior Arm Muscles
- Biceps brachii flexes and supinates the forearm.
- Brachialis flexes the forearm.
- Brachioradialis flexes the forearm.
Posterior Arm Muscle
- Triceps brachii extends the forearm.
Anterior Forearm Muscles
- Flexor carpi radialis moves hand (flexion).
- Palmaris longus moves hand (flexion).
- Flexor carpi ulnaris moves hand (flexion).
- Flexor digitorum superficialis moves hand (flexion).
Posterior Forearm Muscles
- Extensor carpi radialis longus moves hand (extension).
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis moves hand (extension).
- Extensor digitorum moves hand (extension).
Anterior Groin Muscles
- Iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus) moves thigh (flexion).
- Tensor fasciae latae (also abducts) moves thigh (flexion).
- Sartorius moves thigh (flexion).
Posterior Buttocks Muscles
- Gluteus group (maximus (also extension), medius, and minimus) moves thigh (abduction).
Anterior Thigh Muscles
- Quadriceps femoris group (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis) moves leg (flexion).
Medial Groin Muscles
- Adductor longus adducts thigh.
- Adductor magnus adducts thigh.
- Pectineus adducts thigh.
- Gracilis adducts thigh.
Posterior Thigh Muscles
- Hamstrings group (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus) move leg (extension).
Anterior Leg Muscles
- Tibialis anterior dorsiflexes.
- Extensor digitorum longus dorsiflexes.
Posterior Leg Muscles
- Gastrocnemius plantar flexes.
- Soleus plantar flexes.
Lateral Leg Muscle
- Fibularis longus everts.
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