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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes compound interest from simple interest?

  • Compound interest is calculated on both the principal and accumulated interest, while simple interest is only calculated on the principal. (correct)
  • Compound interest is only applicable for short-term investments, whereas simple interest is used for long-term investments.
  • Simple interest is calculated on both the principal and accumulated interest, while compound interest is only calculated on the principal.
  • Simple interest is more advantageous for investments, while compound interest is better for loans.

What does 'P' represent in both the simple and compound interest formulas?

  • Accumulated amount
  • Principal amount (correct)
  • Interest rate
  • Number of years

Using simple interest, what will an accumulated amount be if $5,000 is invested for 5 years at an annual interest rate of 7%?

  • \$8,750
  • \$6,875
  • \$6,750 (correct)
  • \$5,350

What financial scenario typically uses simple interest calculation according to the content?

<p>Hire purchase agreements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the current price of a product is $100, and the annual inflation rate is 5%, what will be the approximate price of the product after 3 years?

<p>$115.76 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would most likely lead to a strengthening of a country's currency?

<p>Increased investment in the country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the exchange rate is 1 British pound () = 1.30 American dollars ($); how many pounds would you receive for 650 American dollars?

<p>500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Population growth is often modeled using the compound interest formula. If a town has a current population of 10,000 and grows at an annual rate of 3%, what will its population be in 10 years?

<p>13,439 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose you invested $2,000 in an account that offers compound interest annually. After 5 years, your investment grew to $2,800. What was the approximate annual interest rate?

<p>8.4% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider two investment options: Option X offers simple interest at 6% per year, and Option Y offers compound interest at 5.5% per year. For what investment period (in years) would the accumulated amount for Option Y overtake that of Option X, assuming the same principal?

<p>Approximately 15 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interest is calculated on both the principal amount and accumulated interest?

<p>Compound interest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the compound interest formula, $A = P(1 + i)^n$, what does 'n' represent?

<p>The number of years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What financial agreement involves paying for a product in installments with interest calculated on the remaining amount after an initial deposit?

<p>Hire purchase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which of the following scenarios applies the compound interest formula?

<p>Predicting population growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a product currently costs $50 and the annual inflation rate is 10%, what will be the approximate cost of the product after 2 years?

<p>$60.50 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A country's currency is MOST likely to strengthen when there is an increase in what?

<p>Investment in the country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a town has a current population of 5,000, and it is projected to grow at an annual rate of 4%. What will be the town's approximate population in 5 years?

<p>6,083 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An item is bought on hire purchase. The cash price is $2,000, and a 10% deposit is paid. The interest rate charged is 8% simple interest per year over 3 years. What is the total repayment amount?

<p>$2,592 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the exchange rate between the US dollar and the Euro is $1 = 0.90, and the exchange rate between the Euro and the Japanese Yen is 1 = 130, what is the approximate exchange rate between the US dollar and the Japanese Yen?

<p>$1 = 117 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider two scenarios: Scenario A offers simple interest at 7.5% per year, and Scenario B offers compound interest at 7% per year. At what approximate point in time (in years) will the accumulated amount in Scenario B exceed that of Scenario A, assuming the same principal?

<p>After 15 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would compound interest be disadvantageous to a person?

<p>When it is applied to loans. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents the future value of an investment or loan, including interest?

<p>Accumulated amount (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes inflation calculations from simple interest calculations?

<p>Inflation uses compound interest; simple interest does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'i' represent in the compound interest and inflation formulas?

<p>The interest or inflation rate, written as a decimal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you deposit $3,000 as a down payment for a car with a cash price of $24,000, what is the principal amount on which simple interest will be calculated for a hire purchase agreement?

<p>$21,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is MOST likely to weaken a country's currency?

<p>Increased investment outside the country. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total cost of an item purchased through hire purchase if the cash price is $5,000, a 15% deposit is required, and simple interest is charged at a rate of 10% per year for 4 years?

<p>$7,300 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given an exchange rate of 1 euro () = 1.15 US dollars ($) and 1 Canadian dollar (CAD) = 0.75 US dollars ($), what is the exchange rate between the euro and the Canadian dollar (i.e., how many Canadian dollars equal 1 euro)?

<p>1.53 CAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a country's annual inflation rate is consistently 8%. If a product costs $50 today, approximately how many years will it take for the product's price to double?

<p>9 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is deciding whether to invest in Country A or Country B. Country A has an annual inflation rate of 12%, while Country B has an annual inflation rate of 3%. However, Country A's currency is expected to appreciate against the investor's home currency by 7% annually, while Country B's currency is expected to depreciate by 2% annually. Assuming all other factors are equal, which country offers the MOST favorable real return on investment when considering inflation and currency effects?

<p>Country A, because the currency appreciation more than offsets the higher inflation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between how interest is calculated in a hire purchase agreement versus a standard loan using compound interest?

<p>Hire purchase applies simple interest to the remaining balance after a deposit, while standard loans typically use compound interest on the total principal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a country experiences a significant increase in exports, what is the MOST likely effect on its currency's value, assuming all other factors remain constant?

<p>The currency's value will likely strengthen due to higher demand from foreign purchasers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the accumulated amount on a principal of $2000 invested for 6 years at a simple interest rate of 9%?

<p>$3080 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of currency exchange rates, what is the direct impact of increased local purchasing within a country?

<p>It strengthens the local currency by keeping money within the country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car is purchased through hire purchase with a cash price of $8,000. A 20% deposit is paid, and simple interest is charged at 7% per year for 5 years. What is the total repayment amount?

<p>$9120 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the current exchange rate is 1 Euro (€) = 1.20 US Dollars ($); how many euros would you receive for 960 American dollars?

<p>800 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a town's population is currently 20,000 and grows at an annual rate of 2.5%, what will be the approximate population in 8 years?

<p>24,379 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose an item costs $250 today, and the annual inflation rate is 4%. What will be the approximate cost of the item after 4 years?

<p>$292.46 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is considering investing in a country with a high inflation rate but whose currency is expected to appreciate. Which statement BEST describes the primary consideration for this investment?

<p>The potential gains from currency appreciation may offset the losses due to inflation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a country's annual inflation rate is 15%. Approximately how many years will it take for the price of goods to double?

<p>5 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Simple Interest

Interest calculated only on the initial investment.

Principal (P)

The initial amount of money invested or borrowed.

Interest Rate (i)

The percentage of the principal earned or paid per year, written as a decimal.

Time Period (n)

The number of years the money is invested or borrowed.

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Accumulated Amount (A)

The final amount after interest has been added to the principal. Formula: ( A = P (1 + in) )

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Compound Interest

Interest earned on the principal and its accumulated interest.

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Hire Purchase

Agreement to pay for a product in installments with simple interest on the remaining amount after a deposit.

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Inflation

The average annual increase in the price of goods and services. Formula: ( A = P(1 + i)^n )

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Population Growth

Calculated using the compound interest formula due to its exponential nature. Formula: ( A = P(1 + i)^n )

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Foreign Exchange Rates

Determine how much one currency is worth in terms of another.

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Hire Purchase Agreement

The financial arrangement where a customer pays for a product in installments, including simple interest on the remaining amount after a deposit.

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Principal Amount (Hire Purchase)

The cash price of the item minus the initial deposit in a hire purchase agreement.

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Inflation (Definition)

The increase in the price of goods and services over time, calculated with the compound interest formula.

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Currency Strength

Occurs when more money is invested in a country, which can affect the cost of goods and services internationally.

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Local Purchasing

The practice of buying products from one's own country to strengthen the local currency.

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Currency Conversion Formula

The formula for converting an amount from one currency to another.

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Power of Compound Interest

The effect where interest is earned not only on the principal but also on the accumulated interest from previous periods.

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Monthly Payments (Hire Purchase)

Total loan amount (cash price minus deposit) divided by the number of months.

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Impact of Local Purchasing

Buying local products keeps money within the country, strengthening its economy and currency.

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Common Currencies

Currencies commonly used in international transactions and held as reserve currencies by many countries.

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Currency Conversion Calculation

Amount in original currency divided by the exchange rate, written as: Amount in new currency = Amount in original currency / Exchange rate

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Accumulated Amount (Simple Interest)

Final amount after interest is added to the principal when using simple interest.

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Interest (Hire Purchase)

The simple interest rate charged on the outstanding loan amount in a hire purchase agreement.

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Future Price (Inflation)

The future price of something based on current price, inflation rate and number of years.

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Future Population

Predicts the number of individuals at a later time, given current population, growth rate, and time.

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Strengthening Currency

When a country's currency is in higher demand, boosting its valuation.

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Study Notes

  • Simple interest is calculated only on the initial investment amount.

Key Variables in Simple Interest Calculations

  • Principal (P): The initial investment or loan amount.
  • Interest rate (i): The annual percentage earned or paid, expressed as a decimal.
  • Time period (n): The number of years.
  • Accumulated amount (A): The final amount after interest.

Simple Interest Formula

  • ( A = P (1 + in) ) computes the accumulated amount using simple interest.
    • ( A ) represents the accumulated amount.
    • ( P ) represents the principal amount.
    • ( i ) represents the interest rate as a decimal.
    • ( n ) represents the number of years.

Compound Interest

  • Compound interest includes interest earned on both the principal and accumulated interest.
  • Compound interest benefits investments due to exponential growth, but increases loan debts faster than simple interest.

Compound Interest Formula

  • ( A = P(1 + i)^n ) determines the accumulated amount with compound interest.
    • ( A ) represents the accumulated amount.
    • ( P ) represents the principal amount.
    • ( i ) represents the interest rate as a decimal.
    • ( n ) represents the number of years.

The Power of Compound Interest

  • Compound interest boosts investment growth significantly more than simple interest over time.
  • Interest earned on interest leads to exponential growth, making it advantageous for investments but potentially risky for loans.

Hire Purchase Agreements

  • A hire purchase agreement is when products are paid for in installments, including simple interest on the remaining balance after a deposit.
  • The principal amount is the cash price minus the deposit.
  • Interest is charged on the remaining loan at a simple interest rate.
  • Monthly payments are calculated by dividing the total loan amount by the number of months.

Inflation

  • Inflation refers to the average annual increase in the price of goods and services.
  • The compound interest formula is used to calculate inflation.

Inflation Formula

  • ( A = P(1 + i)^n ) calculates future prices based on inflation.
    • ( A ) represents the future price.
    • ( P ) represents the current price.
    • ( i ) represents the inflation rate as a decimal.
    • ( n ) represents the number of years.

Population Growth

  • Population growth is calculated using the compound interest formula.

Population Growth Formula

  • ( A = P(1 + i)^n ) is used to determine future population size.
    • ( A ) represents the future population.
    • ( P ) represents the current population.
    • ( i ) represents the population growth rate as a decimal.
    • ( n ) represents the number of years.

Foreign Exchange Rates

  • Exchange rates dictate the value of one country's currency in terms of another.
  • These rates impact the cost of international goods and services.
  • Currency values increase when there's higher investment in a country.
  • Buying local products strengthens the local currency.
  • Common currencies include the British pound (£), American dollar ($), and euro (€).

Currency Conversion Formula

  • (\text{Amount in new currency} = \frac{\text{Amount in original currency}}{\text{Exchange rate}}) is used to convert currencies.

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