Similarities and Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Which type of cells has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells (correct)
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
None of the above

What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA?

Prokaryotic DNA is circular without proteins, while eukaryotic DNA is linear with proteins (correct)
Prokaryotic DNA is linear with proteins, while eukaryotic DNA is circular without proteins
Prokaryotic DNA is found in the nucleus, while eukaryotic DNA is found in the cytoplasm
Prokaryotic DNA is packaged into histones, while eukaryotic DNA is not

Which type of cell division involves mitosis or meiosis?

Neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic cell division
Eukaryotic cell division (correct)
Prokaryotic cell division
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell division

What provides motility in prokaryotic cells?

Rigid rotating flagellum made by flagellin (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?

S phase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What holds the two polynucleotide strands together in a DNA double helix?

Hydrogen bonds between sugar and phosphate groups (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of topoisomerase during DNA replication?

Preventing overwinding of the DNA strands (A) Signup and view all the answers

'Euchromatin' and 'heterochromatin' refer to different levels of what?

DNA compaction and accessibility (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleotide is present in RNA but not in DNA?

Uracil (U) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What limits the number of times DNA can be replicated?

Telomeres shortening at each replication (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the attachment of complementary bases during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes?

Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S, while eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which enzyme prevents the overwinding of the DNA strands?

Topoisomerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason DNA needs to be packed into molecules?

To protect against damage and fit into the cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves cells increasing in size and organelles replication?

G2 Phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a nucleosome in DNA structure?

Package DNA into a condensed structure (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a rigid rotating flagellum for motility?

Prokaryotic cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that is unique to eukaryotic DNA compared to prokaryotic DNA?

Linear DNA with proteins to create chromatins (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cell reproduction, what is a key difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Binary fission vs. mitosis/meiosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of DNA?

S phase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of DNA that is involved in binding complementary bases together?

Sugar-phosphate backbone (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a role of topoisomerase during DNA replication?

Prevent overwinding of strands (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a flexible waving cilia for motility?

Eukaryotic cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major difference in the structure of chromatin between euchromatin and heterochromatin?

Euchromatin is loosely packed, while heterochromatin is tightly packed. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of time that DNA can be replicated known as?

Hayflick's limit (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of histones in relation to DNA structure?

To organize the genome (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of initiation involve during DNA replication?

DNA going back to the region of replication at the fork (D) Signup and view all the answers