Podcast
Questions and Answers
In the context of bunion surgery, what is the most critical consideration regarding the orientation of the saw during a Silver bunionectomy to prevent potential avascular necrosis?
In the context of bunion surgery, what is the most critical consideration regarding the orientation of the saw during a Silver bunionectomy to prevent potential avascular necrosis?
- Creating a sharp angle distally to intentionally compress the cancellous bone and stimulate osteogenesis.
- Angling the cut to maximize resection of the medial eminence, even if it compromises the tibial sesamoid articulation to ensure complete cosmetic correction.
- Maintaining a precise angle to preserve the medial groove, thereby safeguarding the tibial sesamoid articulation, the disruption of which can lead to avascular necrosis. (correct)
- Ensuring the cut is perpendicular to the long axis of the metatarsal to maximize bone contact for re-vascularization.
What is the MOST significant biomechanical implication of 'staking' the metatarsal head during a Silver bunionectomy regarding long-term foot function?
What is the MOST significant biomechanical implication of 'staking' the metatarsal head during a Silver bunionectomy regarding long-term foot function?
- Enhancement of the windlass mechanism.
- Stabilization of the first ray to prevent hypermobility.
- Increased risk of hallux varus deformity due to disruption of sesamoid articulation. (correct)
- Reduction of the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) by medially translating the capital fragment.
In the context of a true McBride bunionectomy, if the adductor hallucis tendon is transferred to the first metatarsal, what is the MOST immediate and critical biomechanical consequence?
In the context of a true McBride bunionectomy, if the adductor hallucis tendon is transferred to the first metatarsal, what is the MOST immediate and critical biomechanical consequence?
- It changes the force vector acting on the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ), affecting sesamoid tracking and potentially correcting hallux abductovalgus. (correct)
- It increases the risk of iatrogenic hallux limitus by dorsiflexing the proximal phalanx.
- It enhances the mechanical advantage of the abductor hallucis, promoting hallux valgus recurrence.
- It alters the functional relationship of the flexor hallucis longus, leading to plantar fasciitis.
What is the primary biomechanical rationale for performing a medial capsulorrhaphy as part of bunion correction, considering its impact on joint stability and alignment?
What is the primary biomechanical rationale for performing a medial capsulorrhaphy as part of bunion correction, considering its impact on joint stability and alignment?
When considering a proximal phalangeal osteotomy (Akin procedure), what is the MOST critical pre-operative radiographic parameter to evaluate to determine its appropriateness and predict its efficacy?
When considering a proximal phalangeal osteotomy (Akin procedure), what is the MOST critical pre-operative radiographic parameter to evaluate to determine its appropriateness and predict its efficacy?
What is the MOST important consideration when deciding between a distal, oblique diaphyseal osteotomy or proximal Akin procedure, considering the correction of specific radiographic angles?
What is the MOST important consideration when deciding between a distal, oblique diaphyseal osteotomy or proximal Akin procedure, considering the correction of specific radiographic angles?
How does the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy differ fundamentally from the Reverdin-Green osteotomy in the context of hallux valgus correction, particularly concerning sesamoid articulation and capital fragment translation?
How does the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy differ fundamentally from the Reverdin-Green osteotomy in the context of hallux valgus correction, particularly concerning sesamoid articulation and capital fragment translation?
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what is the PRIMARY advantage of a biplanar osteotomy, such as a biplanar Austin, over a uniplanar osteotomy in addressing hallux valgus deformity?
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what is the PRIMARY advantage of a biplanar osteotomy, such as a biplanar Austin, over a uniplanar osteotomy in addressing hallux valgus deformity?
What is the MOST crucial distinction between a unicorrectional and a bicorrectional distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in the management of hallux valgus, with specific regard to the planes of correction achieved?
What is the MOST crucial distinction between a unicorrectional and a bicorrectional distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in the management of hallux valgus, with specific regard to the planes of correction achieved?
What parameter does the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy address and how does it uniquely contribute biomechanically and anatomically to the correction of hallux valgus?
What parameter does the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy address and how does it uniquely contribute biomechanically and anatomically to the correction of hallux valgus?
How does the biomechanical application of a Kalish Osteotomy, as a metatarsal shaft osteotomy, distinguish itself from a traditional Austin osteotomy, particularly in terms of PASA correction and fixation stability?
How does the biomechanical application of a Kalish Osteotomy, as a metatarsal shaft osteotomy, distinguish itself from a traditional Austin osteotomy, particularly in terms of PASA correction and fixation stability?
What is the MOST significant biomechanical rationale for employing a Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus correction, particularly when contrasting its utility with distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) in the context of intermetatarsal angle (IMA) reduction?
What is the MOST significant biomechanical rationale for employing a Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus correction, particularly when contrasting its utility with distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) in the context of intermetatarsal angle (IMA) reduction?
Within the context of metatarsal shaft osteotomies, what is the clinical relevance of 'troughing' as a specific complication associated with the traditional Scarf osteotomy?
Within the context of metatarsal shaft osteotomies, what is the clinical relevance of 'troughing' as a specific complication associated with the traditional Scarf osteotomy?
What is the MOST critical biomechanical advantage of the Lapidus procedure (first metatarsal-cuneiform arthrodesis) in the context of hallux valgus correction, particularly in cases with hypermobility of the first ray?
What is the MOST critical biomechanical advantage of the Lapidus procedure (first metatarsal-cuneiform arthrodesis) in the context of hallux valgus correction, particularly in cases with hypermobility of the first ray?
What are the implications for weight-bearing and joint biomechanics associated with a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion, considering the alteration of normal foot function?
What are the implications for weight-bearing and joint biomechanics associated with a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion, considering the alteration of normal foot function?
In the scenario of iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction, what is the biomechanical rationale for considering a reverse distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO)?
In the scenario of iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction, what is the biomechanical rationale for considering a reverse distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO)?
What is the most detrimental effect of 'staking' of the metatarsal head due to violation of the sagittal groove?
What is the most detrimental effect of 'staking' of the metatarsal head due to violation of the sagittal groove?
Concerning the biomechanical function of the foot, identify the most detrimental result of complete resection, rather than release, of the fibular sesamoid?
Concerning the biomechanical function of the foot, identify the most detrimental result of complete resection, rather than release, of the fibular sesamoid?
How does Reefing/plication of the medial joint capsule during closure assist with bunion correction?
How does Reefing/plication of the medial joint capsule during closure assist with bunion correction?
With respect to proximal phalanx osteotomies, what is a 'cheater Akin'?
With respect to proximal phalanx osteotomies, what is a 'cheater Akin'?
What parameter is corrected by distal akin osteotomies?
What parameter is corrected by distal akin osteotomies?
With respect to distal metatarsal osteotomies, what does biplanar correction refer to?
With respect to distal metatarsal osteotomies, what does biplanar correction refer to?
What angular plane cannot be corrected with Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies?
What angular plane cannot be corrected with Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies?
The Reverdin osteotomy corrects ____, while violating ____.
The Reverdin osteotomy corrects ____, while violating ____.
With respect to a Reverdin-Green osteotomy, what anatomical structure is spared, and what parameter is improved?
With respect to a Reverdin-Green osteotomy, what anatomical structure is spared, and what parameter is improved?
The Austin (Chevron) Osteotomy corrects ____ angle.
The Austin (Chevron) Osteotomy corrects ____ angle.
The Youngswick-Austin osteotomy is useful for long and ____ elevated 1st metatarsals.
The Youngswick-Austin osteotomy is useful for long and ____ elevated 1st metatarsals.
The Kalish osteotomy is a ____ Austin.
The Kalish osteotomy is a ____ Austin.
The Scarf osteotomy, originating from carpentry principles, is particularly controversial given its questionable utility when compared to _____.
The Scarf osteotomy, originating from carpentry principles, is particularly controversial given its questionable utility when compared to _____.
Non-unions following a Lapidus procedure are the result of a dorsiflexory force also known as...
Non-unions following a Lapidus procedure are the result of a dorsiflexory force also known as...
Hallux Varus can be a result of overcorrection of HAV, or obtain a mechanical advantage, overpowering structures of the lateral column and result in...
Hallux Varus can be a result of overcorrection of HAV, or obtain a mechanical advantage, overpowering structures of the lateral column and result in...
Soft tissue procedures used to correct structural deformity will result in...
Soft tissue procedures used to correct structural deformity will result in...
What can be used to treat for Iatrogenic hallux varus?
What can be used to treat for Iatrogenic hallux varus?
In the context of a Silver Bunionectomy, which of the following is true?
In the context of a Silver Bunionectomy, which of the following is true?
Which of the following is a step found in a 'true' McBride bunionectomy but NOT typically included in a 'modified' version?
Which of the following is a step found in a 'true' McBride bunionectomy but NOT typically included in a 'modified' version?
What intraoperative measure is crucial for a successful Silver bunionectomy?
What intraoperative measure is crucial for a successful Silver bunionectomy?
In a Silver bunionectomy, which anatomical relationship warrants the most meticulous attention during medial eminence resection to avert iatrogenic complications?
In a Silver bunionectomy, which anatomical relationship warrants the most meticulous attention during medial eminence resection to avert iatrogenic complications?
What specific alteration in the intrinsic biomechanics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is MOST likely to arise due to 'staking' during a Silver bunionectomy?
What specific alteration in the intrinsic biomechanics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is MOST likely to arise due to 'staking' during a Silver bunionectomy?
In the context of a 'true' McBride bunionectomy, what is the MOST immediate biomechanical consequence of transferring the adductor hallucis tendon to the first metatarsal neck?
In the context of a 'true' McBride bunionectomy, what is the MOST immediate biomechanical consequence of transferring the adductor hallucis tendon to the first metatarsal neck?
What represents the MOST critical biomechanical objective of performing a medial capsulorrhaphy during bunion correction?
What represents the MOST critical biomechanical objective of performing a medial capsulorrhaphy during bunion correction?
Prior to performing a proximal phalangeal osteotomy (Akin procedure), what radiographic parameter should be assessed with the HIGHEST degree of scrutiny, considering its direct influence on procedure selection and expected outcome?
Prior to performing a proximal phalangeal osteotomy (Akin procedure), what radiographic parameter should be assessed with the HIGHEST degree of scrutiny, considering its direct influence on procedure selection and expected outcome?
When contemplating the choice between a distal oblique diaphyseal osteotomy versus a proximal Akin procedure for hallux valgus correction, what is the MOST pivotal factor influencing the decision-making process?
When contemplating the choice between a distal oblique diaphyseal osteotomy versus a proximal Akin procedure for hallux valgus correction, what is the MOST pivotal factor influencing the decision-making process?
How does the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy uniquely differ from the Reverdin-Green osteotomy concerning sesamoid articulation and capital fragment translation during hallux valgus correction?
How does the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy uniquely differ from the Reverdin-Green osteotomy concerning sesamoid articulation and capital fragment translation during hallux valgus correction?
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what is the PRIMARY biomechanical advantage of a biplanar osteotomy, such as a biplanar Austin, over a uniplanar osteotomy in addressing hallux valgus deformity?
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what is the PRIMARY biomechanical advantage of a biplanar osteotomy, such as a biplanar Austin, over a uniplanar osteotomy in addressing hallux valgus deformity?
What represents the MOST critical distinction between a unicorrectional and a bicorrectional distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in the management of hallux valgus?
What represents the MOST critical distinction between a unicorrectional and a bicorrectional distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in the management of hallux valgus?
What specific aspect of hallux valgus deformity does the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy uniquely address, and how does this contribute biomechanically to overall correction?
What specific aspect of hallux valgus deformity does the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy uniquely address, and how does this contribute biomechanically to overall correction?
How does a Kalish osteotomy, as a metatarsal shaft osteotomy, distinguish itself biomechanically from a traditional Austin osteotomy, specifically concerning proximal articular set angle (PASA) correction and fixation stability?
How does a Kalish osteotomy, as a metatarsal shaft osteotomy, distinguish itself biomechanically from a traditional Austin osteotomy, specifically concerning proximal articular set angle (PASA) correction and fixation stability?
What is the MOST significant biomechanical rationale for employing a Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus correction, especially when contrasting its utility with distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) regarding intermetatarsal angle (IMA) reduction?
What is the MOST significant biomechanical rationale for employing a Scarf osteotomy in hallux valgus correction, especially when contrasting its utility with distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) regarding intermetatarsal angle (IMA) reduction?
What is the MOST critical biomechanical advantage of the Lapidus procedure (first metatarsal-cuneiform arthrodesis) in the context of hallux valgus correction, notably in cases exhibiting hypermobility of the first ray?
What is the MOST critical biomechanical advantage of the Lapidus procedure (first metatarsal-cuneiform arthrodesis) in the context of hallux valgus correction, notably in cases exhibiting hypermobility of the first ray?
What represents the MOST significant implication for weight-bearing and overall joint biomechanics following a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion?
What represents the MOST significant implication for weight-bearing and overall joint biomechanics following a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion?
In the scenario of iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction, what is the rationale underlying the utilization of a reverse distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO)?
In the scenario of iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction, what is the rationale underlying the utilization of a reverse distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO)?
Following a Silver bunionectomy, what represents THE most deleterious outcome stemming directly from 'staking' of the metatarsal head?
Following a Silver bunionectomy, what represents THE most deleterious outcome stemming directly from 'staking' of the metatarsal head?
Regarding the biomechanical consequences of sesamoid management in forefoot surgery, which outcome presents THE most significant detriment following complete resection, versus release, of the fibular sesamoid?
Regarding the biomechanical consequences of sesamoid management in forefoot surgery, which outcome presents THE most significant detriment following complete resection, versus release, of the fibular sesamoid?
How does reefing/plication of the medial joint capsule during closure MOST directly contribute to bunion correction?
How does reefing/plication of the medial joint capsule during closure MOST directly contribute to bunion correction?
Within the context of proximal phalanx osteotomies for hallux abductus interphalangeus correction, what is the MOST precise definition of a 'cheater Akin'?
Within the context of proximal phalanx osteotomies for hallux abductus interphalangeus correction, what is the MOST precise definition of a 'cheater Akin'?
What specific angular plane is MOST effectively corrected via distal Akin osteotomies?
What specific angular plane is MOST effectively corrected via distal Akin osteotomies?
With respect to distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what does 'biplanar correction' MOST precisely denote?
With respect to distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), what does 'biplanar correction' MOST precisely denote?
Which specific angular deformity CANNOT be intrinsically corrected through the implementation of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs)?
Which specific angular deformity CANNOT be intrinsically corrected through the implementation of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs)?
The Reverdin osteotomy primarily corrects ____, while intrinsically violating ____.
The Reverdin osteotomy primarily corrects ____, while intrinsically violating ____.
With respect to a Reverdin-Green osteotomy, what anatomical structure is intentionally spared, and what primary parameter is improved?
With respect to a Reverdin-Green osteotomy, what anatomical structure is intentionally spared, and what primary parameter is improved?
The Austin (Chevron) osteotomy is primarily designed to correct which specific angular measurement related to hallux valgus deformity?
The Austin (Chevron) osteotomy is primarily designed to correct which specific angular measurement related to hallux valgus deformity?
The Youngswick-Austin osteotomy is particularly indicated for which specific combination of 1st metatarsal characteristics?
The Youngswick-Austin osteotomy is particularly indicated for which specific combination of 1st metatarsal characteristics?
The Kalish osteotomy, characterized as a 'long arm' variation of the Austin osteotomy, is principally distinguished by what characteristics?
The Kalish osteotomy, characterized as a 'long arm' variation of the Austin osteotomy, is principally distinguished by what characteristics?
The Scarf osteotomy, originally derived from carpentry techniques, encounters controversy due to its questionable utility in comparison to what?
The Scarf osteotomy, originally derived from carpentry techniques, encounters controversy due to its questionable utility in comparison to what?
Non-unions following a Lapidus procedure are most frequently attributable to what biomechanical force acting at the fusion site?
Non-unions following a Lapidus procedure are most frequently attributable to what biomechanical force acting at the fusion site?
Hallux Varus can develop following hallux valgus correction due to overpowering structures of the lateral column, and creating a new mechanical advantage on the medial side. This result is mostly attributed to what action?
Hallux Varus can develop following hallux valgus correction due to overpowering structures of the lateral column, and creating a new mechanical advantage on the medial side. This result is mostly attributed to what action?
Soft tissue procedures utilized to rectify structural deformity are most likely to result in what outcome?
Soft tissue procedures utilized to rectify structural deformity are most likely to result in what outcome?
What surgical intervention is MOST specifically indicated for the management of iatrogenic hallux varus subsequent to hallux valgus correction?
What surgical intervention is MOST specifically indicated for the management of iatrogenic hallux varus subsequent to hallux valgus correction?
In the context of a Silver bunionectomy, which statement is MOST accurate?
In the context of a Silver bunionectomy, which statement is MOST accurate?
What surgical step is characteristically included in a 'true' McBride bunionectomy, but NOT typically included in a 'modified' version?
What surgical step is characteristically included in a 'true' McBride bunionectomy, but NOT typically included in a 'modified' version?
In the context of hallux valgus surgery, what biomechanical consequence is most likely to arise from 'staking' the metatarsal head during a Silver bunionectomy, necessitating meticulous preservation of anatomical integrity?
In the context of hallux valgus surgery, what biomechanical consequence is most likely to arise from 'staking' the metatarsal head during a Silver bunionectomy, necessitating meticulous preservation of anatomical integrity?
A Silver bunionectomy, when performed in isolation, definitively addresses the underlying deformity that leads to hallux valgus by correcting the intermetatarsal angle (IMA).
A Silver bunionectomy, when performed in isolation, definitively addresses the underlying deformity that leads to hallux valgus by correcting the intermetatarsal angle (IMA).
What crucial anatomical structure must be meticulously preserved during a Silver bunionectomy to mitigate the risk of destabilizing the first metatarsophalangeal joint and predisposing it to degenerative changes?
What crucial anatomical structure must be meticulously preserved during a Silver bunionectomy to mitigate the risk of destabilizing the first metatarsophalangeal joint and predisposing it to degenerative changes?
In the context of soft tissue procedures for hallux valgus correction, which of the following accurately describes a critical distinction between a true McBride bunionectomy and a modified McBride bunionectomy?
In the context of soft tissue procedures for hallux valgus correction, which of the following accurately describes a critical distinction between a true McBride bunionectomy and a modified McBride bunionectomy?
A McBride bunionectomy comprehensively corrects frontal plane deformity of the metatarsal, mitigating the need for additional procedures targeting rotational malalignment.
A McBride bunionectomy comprehensively corrects frontal plane deformity of the metatarsal, mitigating the need for additional procedures targeting rotational malalignment.
Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the purpose and technique of medial capsulorrhaphy as an adjunct procedure in hallux valgus surgery?
Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the purpose and technique of medial capsulorrhaphy as an adjunct procedure in hallux valgus surgery?
Within the context of proximal phalangeal osteotomies for hallux valgus correction, what critical distinction defines a 'cheater' Akin procedure, and what ramifications does this characteristic have for comprehensive deformity correction?
Within the context of proximal phalangeal osteotomies for hallux valgus correction, what critical distinction defines a 'cheater' Akin procedure, and what ramifications does this characteristic have for comprehensive deformity correction?
An Akin osteotomy is exclusively performed at one specific region of the proximal phalanx regardless of the specific deformity.
An Akin osteotomy is exclusively performed at one specific region of the proximal phalanx regardless of the specific deformity.
What is the primary biomechanical advantage of an oblique Akin osteotomy compared to a traditional proximal Akin osteotomy in addressing hallux abducto valgus?
What is the primary biomechanical advantage of an oblique Akin osteotomy compared to a traditional proximal Akin osteotomy in addressing hallux abducto valgus?
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO) are versatile procedures. However, what specific plane of deformity remains unaddressed by traditional DMO techniques, potentially necessitating supplementary procedures?
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO) are versatile procedures. However, what specific plane of deformity remains unaddressed by traditional DMO techniques, potentially necessitating supplementary procedures?
When considering distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMO) for the correction of hallux valgus, what crucial biomechanical factor dictates the selection of an appropriate DMO technique, influencing stability and long-term outcomes?
When considering distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMO) for the correction of hallux valgus, what crucial biomechanical factor dictates the selection of an appropriate DMO technique, influencing stability and long-term outcomes?
What biomechanical principle distinguishes a biplanar Austin osteotomy from its uniplanar counterpart in the context of hallux valgus surgery, and how does this distinction influence the resultant clinical outcome?
What biomechanical principle distinguishes a biplanar Austin osteotomy from its uniplanar counterpart in the context of hallux valgus surgery, and how does this distinction influence the resultant clinical outcome?
A Reverdin osteotomy inherently corrects the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) due to its specific design and execution.
A Reverdin osteotomy inherently corrects the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) due to its specific design and execution.
What critical modification distinguishes the Reverdin-Green osteotomy from the original Reverdin osteotomy, and how does this alteration impact the biomechanics and potential complications of the procedure?
What critical modification distinguishes the Reverdin-Green osteotomy from the original Reverdin osteotomy, and how does this alteration impact the biomechanics and potential complications of the procedure?
Which of the following modifications differentiates the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy from the standard Reverdin osteotomy, expanding its utility in comprehensive hallux valgus correction?
Which of the following modifications differentiates the Reverdin-Laird osteotomy from the standard Reverdin osteotomy, expanding its utility in comprehensive hallux valgus correction?
What is the clinical significance of plantarflexion and shortening achieved through the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy in the context of first ray biomechanics, and under what specific circumstances is this technique particularly advantageous?
What is the clinical significance of plantarflexion and shortening achieved through the Youngswick-Austin osteotomy in the context of first ray biomechanics, and under what specific circumstances is this technique particularly advantageous?
What technical attribute most distinguishes the Kalish osteotomy from a standard Austin osteotomy, and how does this feature influence fixation strategies and overall stability?
What technical attribute most distinguishes the Kalish osteotomy from a standard Austin osteotomy, and how does this feature influence fixation strategies and overall stability?
A Kalish osteotomy is the best technique to correct the proximal articular set angle (PASA) due to its inherent geometric properties.
A Kalish osteotomy is the best technique to correct the proximal articular set angle (PASA) due to its inherent geometric properties.
The SCARF osteotomy utilizes a carpentry term. What specific characteristic of the SCARF does that term then imply?
The SCARF osteotomy utilizes a carpentry term. What specific characteristic of the SCARF does that term then imply?
What is the primary concern regarding the utility of a SCARF osteotomy compared to a distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO), specifically regarding the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) correction?
What is the primary concern regarding the utility of a SCARF osteotomy compared to a distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO), specifically regarding the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) correction?
What potential complication should a surgeon be most vigilant for when performing a traditional SCARF osteotomy, particularly in relation to the capital fragment's position?
What potential complication should a surgeon be most vigilant for when performing a traditional SCARF osteotomy, particularly in relation to the capital fragment's position?
What are the triplanar components in a Lapidus procedure?
What are the triplanar components in a Lapidus procedure?
The Lapidus procedure, while effective for bunion correction, carries a reduced risk of complications compared to distal metatarsal osteotomies due to its inherent stability.
The Lapidus procedure, while effective for bunion correction, carries a reduced risk of complications compared to distal metatarsal osteotomies due to its inherent stability.
What biomechanical consideration is paramount when performing a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion with internal fixation, especially in the context of allowing for earlier weight-bearing?
What biomechanical consideration is paramount when performing a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion with internal fixation, especially in the context of allowing for earlier weight-bearing?
First MTPJ fusion is typically recommended as a primary procedure for hallux valgus correction regardless of the patient's age or severity of the deformity due to its predictable outcomes and minimal risk profile.
First MTPJ fusion is typically recommended as a primary procedure for hallux valgus correction regardless of the patient's age or severity of the deformity due to its predictable outcomes and minimal risk profile.
What is the most common etiology for a iatrogenic hallux varus?
What is the most common etiology for a iatrogenic hallux varus?
In the management of iatrogenic hallux varus, which of the following situations require fusion for long term success?
In the management of iatrogenic hallux varus, which of the following situations require fusion for long term success?
When choosing between Under correcting and over correcting a bunion, hallux abduction angle, what is the best choice?
When choosing between Under correcting and over correcting a bunion, hallux abduction angle, what is the best choice?
Match each distal metatarsal osteotomy with their attribute.
Match each distal metatarsal osteotomy with their attribute.
Define 'plicated capsule'
Define 'plicated capsule'
When resecting the medial eminence, be sure to preserve the ______ groove
When resecting the medial eminence, be sure to preserve the ______ groove
In the context of soft tissue bunionectomies, what procedure typically realigns the sesamoids?
In the context of soft tissue bunionectomies, what procedure typically realigns the sesamoids?
The Silver bunionectomy should be considered as a powerful isolated procedure towards bunion correction.
The Silver bunionectomy should be considered as a powerful isolated procedure towards bunion correction.
Which complication is more likely with a fibular sesamoidectomy
Which complication is more likely with a fibular sesamoidectomy
What region requires a proximal akin osteotomy
What region requires a proximal akin osteotomy
An akin will correct both Hallux Interphalangeus and the DASA angle.
An akin will correct both Hallux Interphalangeus and the DASA angle.
Which of the following is a unicorrectional correction
Which of the following is a unicorrectional correction
In the context of bunion surgery, a Silver bunionectomy is most appropriately indicated when the primary surgical goal is which of the following?
In the context of bunion surgery, a Silver bunionectomy is most appropriately indicated when the primary surgical goal is which of the following?
A 'true' McBride bunionectomy involves resection of the medial eminence, excision of the fibular sesamoid, transfer of the adductor hallucis tendon to the first metatarsal, and medial capsulorrhaphy.
A 'true' McBride bunionectomy involves resection of the medial eminence, excision of the fibular sesamoid, transfer of the adductor hallucis tendon to the first metatarsal, and medial capsulorrhaphy.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the primary biomechanical rationale for performing a medial capsulorrhaphy as an adjunct to bunion correction?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the primary biomechanical rationale for performing a medial capsulorrhaphy as an adjunct to bunion correction?
Which of the following statements reflects the critical surgical principle related to achieving proper alignment during a Silver bunionectomy?
Which of the following statements reflects the critical surgical principle related to achieving proper alignment during a Silver bunionectomy?
The primary goal of a McBride bunionectomy is to directly correct the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) through bony resection or realignment.
The primary goal of a McBride bunionectomy is to directly correct the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) through bony resection or realignment.
What is the primary purpose of reefing or plication during a medial first metatarsophalangeal joint capsulorrhaphy?
What is the primary purpose of reefing or plication during a medial first metatarsophalangeal joint capsulorrhaphy?
In the context of proximal phalangeal osteotomies for hallux abducto valgus correction, the term 'cheater' Akin most accurately refers to:
In the context of proximal phalangeal osteotomies for hallux abducto valgus correction, the term 'cheater' Akin most accurately refers to:
An oblique Akin osteotomy is often preferred over other Akin variations due to its ability to simultaneously correct both the DASA (Distal Articular Set Angle) and interphalangeus angle.
An oblique Akin osteotomy is often preferred over other Akin variations due to its ability to simultaneously correct both the DASA (Distal Articular Set Angle) and interphalangeus angle.
Which of the following accurately describes the primary advantage of using a biplanar Austin osteotomy in hallux valgus correction?
Which of the following accurately describes the primary advantage of using a biplanar Austin osteotomy in hallux valgus correction?
Within the spectrum of Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO), what specific biomechanical trade-off is inherent in performing a Reverdin osteotomy that necessitates careful consideration during preoperative planning?
Within the spectrum of Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO), what specific biomechanical trade-off is inherent in performing a Reverdin osteotomy that necessitates careful consideration during preoperative planning?
Which of the following represents the primary biomechanical consideration when selecting between different types of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMO)?
Which of the following represents the primary biomechanical consideration when selecting between different types of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMO)?
Distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) are inherently capable of correcting frontal plane deformities associated with hallux valgus.
Distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs) are inherently capable of correcting frontal plane deformities associated with hallux valgus.
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), a bicorrectional osteotomy refers to a technique that achieves:
In the context of distal metatarsal osteotomies (DMOs), a bicorrectional osteotomy refers to a technique that achieves:
Describe the specific technical modification introduced in the Reverdin-Green osteotomy and explain how it addresses a limitation inherent in the original Reverdin technique.
Describe the specific technical modification introduced in the Reverdin-Green osteotomy and explain how it addresses a limitation inherent in the original Reverdin technique.
When considering metatarsal shaft osteotomies for hallux valgus correction, what is the primary limitation of the Kalish osteotomy in comparison to other shaft osteotomies like the SCARF?
When considering metatarsal shaft osteotomies for hallux valgus correction, what is the primary limitation of the Kalish osteotomy in comparison to other shaft osteotomies like the SCARF?
A SCARF osteotomy should be considered over a distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in scenarios requiring higher intermetatarsal angle (IMA) correction.
A SCARF osteotomy should be considered over a distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO) in scenarios requiring higher intermetatarsal angle (IMA) correction.
Troughing, a potential complication specifically associated with the traditional scarf osteotomy, most directly leads to which of the following biomechanical consequences?
Troughing, a potential complication specifically associated with the traditional scarf osteotomy, most directly leads to which of the following biomechanical consequences?
Describe the triplanar correction capabilities of a Lapidus procedure, delineating the specific anatomical plane each component of the correction addresses in the context of hallux valgus.
Describe the triplanar correction capabilities of a Lapidus procedure, delineating the specific anatomical plane each component of the correction addresses in the context of hallux valgus.
In the context of treating end-stage bunion deformities, what is the primary rationale for selecting a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion over other reconstructive procedures?
In the context of treating end-stage bunion deformities, what is the primary rationale for selecting a first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion over other reconstructive procedures?
Newer first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion constructs preclude early weight-bearing protocols due to inherent instability.
Newer first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion constructs preclude early weight-bearing protocols due to inherent instability.
Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction?
Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in iatrogenic hallux varus following hallux valgus correction?
Upon encountering a patient presenting with iatrogenic hallux varus following previous bunion surgery, which of the following represents a gold-standard treatment option, particularly in cases with significant joint instability or pain?
Upon encountering a patient presenting with iatrogenic hallux varus following previous bunion surgery, which of the following represents a gold-standard treatment option, particularly in cases with significant joint instability or pain?
During a Silver bunionectomy, failing to maintain the proper orientation of the saw can result in 'staking' of the metatarsal head, which violates the medial groove and increases the risk of ______.
During a Silver bunionectomy, failing to maintain the proper orientation of the saw can result in 'staking' of the metatarsal head, which violates the medial groove and increases the risk of ______.
Why has fibular sesamoidectomy fallen out of favor as a routine component of McBride bunionectomy?
Why has fibular sesamoidectomy fallen out of favor as a routine component of McBride bunionectomy?
Match the following surgical procedures with their primary corrective focus in hallux valgus surgery:
Match the following surgical procedures with their primary corrective focus in hallux valgus surgery:
A 46-year-old female presents with left bunion pain and a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray. She has tried changing shoe gear and custom orthotics, which did not help. Her ROM of the hallux is track-bound without crepitus. Which of the following procedures is the MOST appropriate?
A 46-year-old female presents with left bunion pain and a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray. She has tried changing shoe gear and custom orthotics, which did not help. Her ROM of the hallux is track-bound without crepitus. Which of the following procedures is the MOST appropriate?
A 42-year-old female presents with right bunion pain and a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray. She reports her conservative measures have failed. Her PMH is significant for history of gastric bypass surgery. Her ROM of the hallux is tracking without crepitus. Prior to electing for surgery, what further workup is MOST appropriate?:
A 42-year-old female presents with right bunion pain and a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray. She reports her conservative measures have failed. Her PMH is significant for history of gastric bypass surgery. Her ROM of the hallux is tracking without crepitus. Prior to electing for surgery, what further workup is MOST appropriate?:
A 68-year-old female presents for evaluation and treatment of a painful bunion deformity and needs to take care of her cats. Exam reveals palpable pulses with instantaneous CRT. Which of the following surgical plans would be MOST appropriate?
A 68-year-old female presents for evaluation and treatment of a painful bunion deformity and needs to take care of her cats. Exam reveals palpable pulses with instantaneous CRT. Which of the following surgical plans would be MOST appropriate?
In a patient undergoing hallux valgus correction, what specific anatomical plane's malalignment is addressed by performing a transverse plane correction during a Lapidus procedure?
In a patient undergoing hallux valgus correction, what specific anatomical plane's malalignment is addressed by performing a transverse plane correction during a Lapidus procedure?
When performing a Silver bunionectomy, what anatomical structure MUST be preserved to avoid potentially destabilizing the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ)?
When performing a Silver bunionectomy, what anatomical structure MUST be preserved to avoid potentially destabilizing the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ)?
Performing a fibular sesamoidectomy in a modified McBride bunionectomy offers distinct advantages in directly addressing the intermetatarsal angle (IMA).
Performing a fibular sesamoidectomy in a modified McBride bunionectomy offers distinct advantages in directly addressing the intermetatarsal angle (IMA).
Regarding medial first MTPJ capsulorrhaphy, what is the nautical analog that helps illustrate the concept of reefing and its intended effect on the medial joint capsule?
Regarding medial first MTPJ capsulorrhaphy, what is the nautical analog that helps illustrate the concept of reefing and its intended effect on the medial joint capsule?
Flashcards
Soft Tissue Procedures
Soft Tissue Procedures
Soft tissue procedures performed with or without resection of the medial eminence.
Proximal Phalangeal Osteotomy
Proximal Phalangeal Osteotomy
Osteotomy performed on the proximal phalanx to correct hallux abductus interphalangeus.
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy
Osteotomy performed on the distal metatarsal to correct hallux valgus.
Shaft/Diaphyseal Osteotomies
Shaft/Diaphyseal Osteotomies
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First Metatarsal Cuneiform Joint Arthrodesis (Lapidus)
First Metatarsal Cuneiform Joint Arthrodesis (Lapidus)
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First Metatarsal Phalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
First Metatarsal Phalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
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Juvenile Bunionectomy
Juvenile Bunionectomy
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Silver Bunionectomy
Silver Bunionectomy
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McBride Bunionectomy
McBride Bunionectomy
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Modified McBride Bunionectomy
Modified McBride Bunionectomy
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Medial Capsulorrhaphy
Medial Capsulorrhaphy
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Akin Osteotomy
Akin Osteotomy
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Distal Akin
Distal Akin
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Oblique Akin
Oblique Akin
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Proximal Akin
Proximal Akin
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Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO)
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO)
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Reverdin Osteotomy
Reverdin Osteotomy
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Reverdin-Green
Reverdin-Green
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Reverdin-Laird Osteotomy
Reverdin-Laird Osteotomy
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Austin (Chevron) Osteotomy
Austin (Chevron) Osteotomy
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Biplanar Austin
Biplanar Austin
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Bicorrectional Austin
Bicorrectional Austin
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Youngswick-Austin
Youngswick-Austin
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Kalish Osteotomy
Kalish Osteotomy
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SCARF
SCARF
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Lapidus
Lapidus
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Hallux Varus
Hallux Varus
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Iatrogenic Hallux Varus
Iatrogenic Hallux Varus
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Metatarsal Shaft Osteotomies
Metatarsal Shaft Osteotomies
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Silver Bunionectomy appropriate use
Silver Bunionectomy appropriate use
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Silver Bunionectomy saw palcement
Silver Bunionectomy saw palcement
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McBride Bunionectomy action
McBride Bunionectomy action
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Medial Capsulorrhaphy action
Medial Capsulorrhaphy action
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Akin Osteotomy target
Akin Osteotomy target
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Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies length
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies length
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Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies benefit.
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies benefit.
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1st MTPJ Fusion Considerations
1st MTPJ Fusion Considerations
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Hallux Varus Treatment options
Hallux Varus Treatment options
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Troughing impact
Troughing impact
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Study Notes
- Bunion surgery is categorized into soft tissue procedures, proximal phalangeal osteotomy, distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO), shaft/diaphyseal osteotomies, first metatarsal cuneiform joint arthrodesis (Lapidus), first metatarsal phalangeal joint arthrodesis, and juvenile bunionectomy
Soft Tissue Procedures
- Examples include Silver, McBride, and Modified McBride bunionectomies, and medial capsulorrhaphy
Silver Bunionectomy
- Resects the medial eminence of the metatarsal head
- Does not correct deformity
- There is no reduction of the IMA
- Postoperative care involves protection of the incision, generally with immediate weight-bearing in a postoperative shoe
- It has minimal utility as an isolated procedure
- Appropriate if the goal is only to remove the medial prominence
- Weakening medial structures may accelerate recurrence
- Critical to properly orient the saw when resecting the medial eminence
- An important point is the preservation of the medial groove (tibial sesamoid articulation)
- "Staking" the head should be avoided
- Violates the medial groove, which increases the risk of hallux varus
McBride Bunionectomy
- Rebalances the soft tissue structures of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ)
- Involves derotation of the toe
- Does not correct frontal plane deformity in the metatarsal
- Seeks to align the sesamoid apparatus but may include removing or reducing tracking
- Rarely an isolated procedure
- Typically performed as an adjunct procedure with other techniques
- A true McBride bunionectomy consists of: Resection of the medial eminence, Excision of the fibular sesamoid, Transfer of the adductor hallucis tendon to the first metatarsal and Medial capsulorrhaphy
- Fibular sesamoidectomy has fallen out of favor because of increased risk of hallux varus
Modified McBride Bunionectomy Steps
- Removal of medial eminence, if needed, with blunt dissection down to the lateral MTPJ capsule
- Release or transfer of adductor hallucis tendon
- Division of the fibular sesamoid suspensory ligament
- Division of the transverse metatarsal ligament
Medial First MTPJ Capsulorrhaphy
- Reefing/plication of the medial joint capsule occurs during closure
- Reefing is a nautical term that refers to folding a sail to reduce its surface area as a safety precaution in strong winds
- Plication involves tightening stretched or weakened tissues by folding excess in tucks
- Excision of redundant capsule
- Not an isolated procedure
Proximal Phalangeal Osteotomies
- Examples include Distal Akin, Oblique Akin, and Proximal Akin
- Originally described by Akin in 1925
- The original procedure included resecting the medial eminence of the first metatarsal head, the medial base of the proximal phalanx, and medial closing base wedge phalangeal osteotomy
Akin Osteotomy
- Region the osteotomy is performed is how it is described
- Region depends on the deformity
- Abnormal DASA = Proximal Akin
- Abnormal interphalangeus angle = Distal Akin
- Some consider it a "cheater" osteotomy and indicates that further correction is needed following the initial procedure
- Hallux interphalangeus and hallux abductus interphalangeus are structural deformities within the hallux
- Normal interphalangeus angle is 10°
- Distal Akin corrects interphalangeus
- The oblique akin is popular due to ability to place a screw across the osteotomy
- Can correct DASA and interphalangeus
- It is a common "cheater" Akin
- Proximal Akin corrects abnormal DASA and is a common "cheater" Akin
Distal Metatarsal Osteotomies (DMO)
- Specific DMO used is dependent on metatarsal width
- Demonstrates versatility with uniplanar, biplanar, unicorrectional, and bicorrectional correction
- Biplane involves transverse plane and sagittal plane of correction
- Does not correct frontal plane deformity
- Metatarsal length can be adjusted
- Lengthening
- Neutral
- Shortening
Reverdin Osteotomy
- Corrects PASA
- Maintains the lateral cortex intact (hinge)
- Violates the sesamoid articulations
- No IMA correction
Reverdin-Green Osteotomy
- Corrects PASA
- Lateral cortex kept intact (hinge)
- Spares the sesamoid articulations
- No IMA correction
Reverdin-Laird Osteotomy
- Can correct PASA (wedge is optional)
- Corrects IMA
- Complete osteotomy that allows for translation of the capital fragments
- Spares the sesamoid articulations
Austin (Chevron) osteotomy
- Corrects IMA
Biplanar Austin
- Corrects IMA
- Allows for mild plantarflexion
Bicorrectional Austin
- Corrects PASA and IMA
- Technically difficult
Youngswick-Austin
- Corrects IMA
- Plantarflexion and shortening
- Useful for long & mildly elevated 1st metatarsals
Metatarsal Shaft Osteotomies
- Two common types: Kalish-Austin and Scarf procedure
Kalish Osteotomy
- Considered a long arm Austin
- Cannot correct PASA
- Screw placement is easier as it can use 2 screws
SCARF
- Carpentry term that refers to a scarf joint
- Corrects IMA and PASA
- Utility over a DMO is controversial
- Some believe it can correct higher IMAs than a DMO
- Dependent on metatarsal width, same as a DMO
- Troughing is a specific complication of the traditional scarf that causes elevation of the capital fragment
Metatarsal Cuneiform Fusion (Lapidus)
- Most versatile of all bunion procedures as it is capable of triplanar correction: transverse plane (IMA), sagittal plane (Met primus elevatus), frontal plane (Metatarsal rotation
- It has a higher risk of complications: nerve entrapment and non-union
- A lever arm creates a dorsiflexory force at the fusion site
- Traditionally non-weight bearing for 6-8 weeks
- Used to address triplanar deformity
First MTPJ Fusion
- Research suggests it may be more appropriate in older patients, even with a non-arthritic joint
- Treatment of choice for an “end-stage” bunion deformity (bunion with arthrosis)
- Positioning is critical
- Newer constructs allow for earlier weight-bearing
- Can be used as a primary or revision procedure
- Traditional fixation construct available
HAV Correction Complications
- Hallux varus is when the hallux assumes an adducted position in the transverse plane
- Medial structures obtain a mechanical advantage and overpower the lateral structures
- Iatrogenic causes due to overcorrection of HAV or Traumatic
- Metabolic or immunologic arthropathies may be to blame or Neuromuscular dysfunction
Iatrogenic Hallux Varus
- Excessive medial capsulorrhaphy
- Soft tissue procedures used to correct a structural deformity will usually result in under- or over-correction
- "Staking" of the metatarsal head and fibular sesamoidectomy - AVOID
- Negative IMA may cause subluxation of the capital fragment post operatively or Initial over-correction
- If forced to choose between an under or over corrected bunion, choose under correction
- Revision of a hallux varus is difficult, fusion is traditionally the gold standard treatment
- Treatment options include Reverse DMO, Reverse Akin, Tibial sesamoidectomy, Tight rope and Fusion
Case #1
- A 46-year-old female with left bunion pain has tried changing shoe-gear and custom orthotics, but they did not help sufficiently
- Difficulty finding shoes that fit and is having substantial pain
- PMH is unremarkable, and PE shows a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray
- The ROM of the hallux is track-bound without crepitus
Case #2
- A 42-year-old female presents with right bunion pain
- Conservative measures have failed
- PMH includes gastric bypass surgery
- PE shows a severe HAV deformity with a hypermobile first ray
- ROM of the hallux is tracking without crepitus
- Need to do blood work on Vitamin D-12
- Start on 50,000 IU of vitamin D/week
- Discuss deformity and that she is not a candidate for the ideal surgery
- Discuss risks of the ideal surgery and risks of the “safer” procedure
Case #3
- A 68-year-old female presents for evaluation and treatment of a painful bunion deformity
- She is a caretaker of cats
- PMH is unremarkable, and palpable pulses with instantaneous CRT
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