Signs of Strangulation in Hernia Patients
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Questions and Answers

Which structure forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

  • Spermatic cord
  • Deep inguinal ring
  • Conjoint tendon
  • External oblique aponeurosis (correct)

Where do the inferior epigastric vessels lie in relation to the deep ring of the inguinal canal?

  • At the medial edge (correct)
  • Below the deep ring
  • Above the deep ring
  • At the lateral edge

What is transmitted through the inguinal canal in females?

  • Spermatic cord
  • Conjoint tendon
  • Round ligament (correct)
  • Deep inguinal ring

Which nerve lies in the spermatic cord within the inguinal canal?

<p>Ilio-inguinal nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms when a portion of peritoneum is dragged with the testis during its descent to the scrotum?

<p>Tunica vaginalis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may persist if the processus vaginalis does not completely obliterate during development?

<p>Hernia-hydrocele complex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hernia?

<p>A protrusion of a viscus or part of a viscus into an abnormal position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Richter's hernia?

<p>A hernia where only part of the bowel circumference is caught in the sac (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical complaint of a patient with an external hernia?

<p>Swelling that increases with exercise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are hernias said to be reducible?

<p>When the contents spontaneously return to the abdomen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of acquired hernias?

<p>Obesity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for an umbilical hernia according to the text?

<p>Advise for surgical operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hernia is seen in older children around the umbilicus?

<p>Para-umbilical hernia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in a true umbilical hernia?

<p>Seen in infants due to congenital weakness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which patients is a para-umbilical hernia often found?

<p>Overweight middle-aged females (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a strangulated femoral hernia is detected?

<p>Operate urgently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the midline defect repaired by when treating an umbilical hernia in infants?

<p>With 2-3 sutures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some signs of strangulation in a patient with a hernia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential treatment for strangulation in a patient with a hernia?

<p>Emergency operation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can gangrenous bowel be identified during surgery?

<p>It is purple and flaccid, loses its sheen, and does not exhibit peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after releasing the constricting ring during hernia surgery?

<p>Assess the bowel viability after allowing it to rest under warm, moist towels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaging technique may show dilated bowel and air/fluid levels in a patient with suspected intestinal obstruction?

<p>Abdominal X-ray (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a sign of strangulation in a patient with a hernia?

<p>Increased bowel sounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is advised for an adult with a congenital indirect sac hernia?

<p>Perform a prophylactic posterior wall repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to perform a prophylactic posterior wall repair in adults with hernias?

<p>To strengthen the medial part of the posterior wall of the canal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the femoral hernia sac lie?

<p>In the proximal part of the femoral canal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the femoral canal?

<p>To allow expansion of the vein during increased blood flow from the leg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are femoral hernias more common in women than in men?

<p>Due to anatomical differences and structures around the femoral ring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are femoral hernias usually treated?

<p>Surgically through dissection of the sac, emptying, and amputation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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