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Questions and Answers
What is the correct result of adding (3.45 × 10^4) and (2.30 × 10^4)?
What is the correct result of adding (3.45 × 10^4) and (2.30 × 10^4)?
- 5.75 × 10^5
- 5.75 × 10^3
- 5.76 × 10^4
- 5.75 × 10^4 (correct)
When dividing (4.78 × 10^6) by (2.39 × 10^2), what is the resulting scientific notation?
When dividing (4.78 × 10^6) by (2.39 × 10^2), what is the resulting scientific notation?
- 2.00 × 10^2
- 2.00 × 10^4 (correct)
- 2.00 × 10^8
- 2.00 × 10^6
Which operation requires adjusting the decimal, and why?
Which operation requires adjusting the decimal, and why?
- Multiplying coefficients with the same exponent
- Dividing coefficients in different units
- Subtracting two numbers with different exponents (correct)
- Adding two numbers with the same exponent
What happens when multiplying a coefficient greater than 10 in scientific notation?
What happens when multiplying a coefficient greater than 10 in scientific notation?
In which operation do you not need to have the same exponents?
In which operation do you not need to have the same exponents?
Which scenario demonstrates an appropriate laboratory safety procedure?
Which scenario demonstrates an appropriate laboratory safety procedure?
What was the main hypothesis tested in Redi's experiment regarding maggots?
What was the main hypothesis tested in Redi's experiment regarding maggots?
What did people historically believe about the origin of worms?
What did people historically believe about the origin of worms?
If Zach had followed proper safety protocol, what would he have done?
If Zach had followed proper safety protocol, what would he have done?
What was a consequence of the improper disposal of chemicals by Logan and Monica?
What was a consequence of the improper disposal of chemicals by Logan and Monica?
Which of the following numbers has the most significant figures?
Which of the following numbers has the most significant figures?
In significant figures, how many significant figures does the number 0.003400 contain?
In significant figures, how many significant figures does the number 0.003400 contain?
When performing addition, if you are adding 15.674 and 2.1, how many decimal places should the final answer have?
When performing addition, if you are adding 15.674 and 2.1, how many decimal places should the final answer have?
Which of the following is a correct representation of a number in scientific notation?
Which of the following is a correct representation of a number in scientific notation?
What is the result when rounding the number 12.567 to two significant figures?
What is the result when rounding the number 12.567 to two significant figures?
Which of the following operations should be used to determine the number of significant figures in the result of 7.5 x 6.002?
Which of the following operations should be used to determine the number of significant figures in the result of 7.5 x 6.002?
If a number has a leading zero, such as 0.000524, how many significant figures does it have?
If a number has a leading zero, such as 0.000524, how many significant figures does it have?
How would you convert the standard number 340000 to scientific notation?
How would you convert the standard number 340000 to scientific notation?
Which scenario depicts both high accuracy and high precision?
Which scenario depicts both high accuracy and high precision?
What characterizes a scenario with low accuracy and low precision?
What characterizes a scenario with low accuracy and low precision?
In which scenario is accuracy high, but precision low?
In which scenario is accuracy high, but precision low?
Which of the following indicates high precision but low accuracy?
Which of the following indicates high precision but low accuracy?
Which scenario describes low precision but high accuracy?
Which scenario describes low precision but high accuracy?
What is the independent variable in the experiment assessing the growth of tomatoes under different music genres?
What is the independent variable in the experiment assessing the growth of tomatoes under different music genres?
In the experiment testing the effect of salt on egg buoyancy, which of the following is the dependent variable?
In the experiment testing the effect of salt on egg buoyancy, which of the following is the dependent variable?
Which hypothesis aligns with the experiment of sealing jars to observe maggots and flies?
Which hypothesis aligns with the experiment of sealing jars to observe maggots and flies?
What controlled variables were considered in Aiko's paper airplane experiment?
What controlled variables were considered in Aiko's paper airplane experiment?
Which conclusion can be drawn from the experiment involving the jars with meat?
Which conclusion can be drawn from the experiment involving the jars with meat?
Which laboratory tool would be most suitable for accurately measuring liquid volumes?
Which laboratory tool would be most suitable for accurately measuring liquid volumes?
What is the primary function of a Bunsen burner in a laboratory?
What is the primary function of a Bunsen burner in a laboratory?
Which of the following tools is best suited for the storage of liquids in a laboratory setting?
Which of the following tools is best suited for the storage of liquids in a laboratory setting?
Why is a filter paper preferred over a strainer for separating small particles from a liquid?
Why is a filter paper preferred over a strainer for separating small particles from a liquid?
In the context of laboratory tools, what is the function of a dropper?
In the context of laboratory tools, what is the function of a dropper?
What is the primary reason for using a glass rod when pouring liquids into a narrow-mouthed container?
What is the primary reason for using a glass rod when pouring liquids into a narrow-mouthed container?
Why is it important to heat a test tube at a 45° angle?
Why is it important to heat a test tube at a 45° angle?
What is the correct protocol when diluting concentrated acid?
What is the correct protocol when diluting concentrated acid?
What should you avoid doing while heating a test tube?
What should you avoid doing while heating a test tube?
What happens if water is poured into concentrated acid?
What happens if water is poured into concentrated acid?
What is the main purpose of ensuring the proper handling of a stopper from a reagent bottle?
What is the main purpose of ensuring the proper handling of a stopper from a reagent bottle?
Which of the following items is necessary for conducting evaporation at Station 4?
Which of the following items is necessary for conducting evaporation at Station 4?
During the handling of liquids, what technique helps prevent liquid from dripping down the side of a narrow-mouthed container?
During the handling of liquids, what technique helps prevent liquid from dripping down the side of a narrow-mouthed container?
Which material is NOT listed as part of Station 6's setup?
Which material is NOT listed as part of Station 6's setup?
What is the primary function of a funnel in laboratory operations?
What is the primary function of a funnel in laboratory operations?
What should a student do with a flat-top stopper after removing it from a reagent bottle?
What should a student do with a flat-top stopper after removing it from a reagent bottle?
In the context of laboratory safety, why is it vital to handle solid reagents with care?
In the context of laboratory safety, why is it vital to handle solid reagents with care?
How can students best demonstrate the process of decantation as outlined in the objectives?
How can students best demonstrate the process of decantation as outlined in the objectives?
What is the primary reason for using a water bath during evaporation?
What is the primary reason for using a water bath during evaporation?
Why is it necessary to keep glassware dry on the outside before heating?
Why is it necessary to keep glassware dry on the outside before heating?
Which practice should NEVER be followed when handling solids?
Which practice should NEVER be followed when handling solids?
What is the step to ensure clean transfer of solids into a test tube?
What is the step to ensure clean transfer of solids into a test tube?
What should be done if a spatula is known to be dirty?
What should be done if a spatula is known to be dirty?
What is the primary purpose of folding filter paper into a cone before filtration?
What is the primary purpose of folding filter paper into a cone before filtration?
Why is filtration ineffective for separating dissolved solids from liquids?
Why is filtration ineffective for separating dissolved solids from liquids?
In which situation would decantation be preferred over filtration?
In which situation would decantation be preferred over filtration?
What is the primary reason water remains non-potable after decantation?
What is the primary reason water remains non-potable after decantation?
What happens to the sediment during the decantation process?
What happens to the sediment during the decantation process?
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Study Notes
Significant Figures (SIG.FIGS)
- Non-zero digits are always significant.
- Zeros between non-zero digits (sandwiched zeros) are significant.
- Trailing zeros in whole numbers without a decimal point are not significant.
- Trailing zeros in a decimal number are significant.
- Leading zeros are never significant.
- In scientific notation, all digits in the coefficient are significant.
Atlantic - Pacific Rule
- The Atlantic rule applies when the decimal point is absent; start counting significant figures from the Atlantic side.
- The Pacific rule applies when the decimal point is present; start counting significant figures from the Pacific side.
- Example: 100 has 1 significant figure, while 100. has 3 significant figures.
Rounding Off Significant Figures
- If the digit to round is 5 or more, increase the preceding digit by one.
- If the digit to round is 4 or less, keep the preceding digit the same.
Operations with Significant Figures
Addition and Subtraction
- Consider the number of decimal places in each number.
- The final answer should have the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places.
Multiplication and Division
- Count the significant figures in all numbers.
- The final answer should be expressed with the lowest number of significant figures used in the calculation.
Scientific Notation
- Coefficients must range between 1 and 10 (1.1-9.9).
- The base is always 10 with an exponent.
- Negative exponents indicate decimal numbers.
Converting to and from Scientific Notation
- Move the decimal left to convert a standard number to scientific notation; the number of moves becomes the positive exponent.
- Move the decimal right to convert scientific notation to standard form; the number of moves equals the negative exponent.
Mastery Test Coverage
Addition and Subtraction
- If exponents are the same, perform the operation and keep the exponent.
- If exponents differ, adjust the decimal point for equal exponents before summing.
Multiplication and Division
- Exponents need not be the same.
- For multiplication, multiply coefficients and add exponents.
- For division, divide coefficients and subtract exponents.
Accuracy and Precision
- Accuracy refers to how close measurements are to the true value.
- Precision refers to the consistency of measurements.
- Scenarios depict varying combinations of accuracy and precision, from high accuracy and precision to low accuracy and precision.
Laboratory Procedures and Safety
- Proper usage of laboratory tools and techniques is crucial for safe conduct in experiments.
- Review safety procedures, including the importance of wearing safety goggles and the correct handling of chemicals.
- Understand the filtration process and the importance of using appropriate equipment to ensure successful results.
Common Lab Tools and Operations
- Familiarize with various lab tools like graduated cylinders, test tubes, beakers, and their specific uses.
- Classification of tools based on their functions, such as heating, measuring, and storing.
- Learn the proper techniques for handling liquids and solids in a lab environment, ensuring safety and accuracy in experiments.
Filtration and Decantation Techniques
- Filtration involves separating solids from liquids using filter paper.
- Decantation is used for separating heavier solids from liquids by carefully pouring off the liquid without disturbing the solids.
- Understand that dissolved solids cannot be separated by filtration, as this represents a chemical change.
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