Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of a scalar quantity?
What is a characteristic of a scalar quantity?
- It is only relevant in physical interactions.
- It can be completely described by a single value. (correct)
- It includes both magnitude and direction.
- It requires multiple values to describe it.
Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity?
Which of the following is an example of a vector quantity?
- Mass
- Distance
- Temperature
- Velocity (correct)
How is magnitude defined in the context of measurement?
How is magnitude defined in the context of measurement?
- It refers to the size or amount of a quantity. (correct)
- It is irrelevant in scalar quantities.
- It is the value without units.
- It describes the direction of a vector.
Which of these measurements would you classify as a scalar?
Which of these measurements would you classify as a scalar?
Why are vectors useful when giving directions?
Why are vectors useful when giving directions?
Flashcards
Scalar
Scalar
A quantity that can be fully described using only a single value, like temperature, which includes units of measurement.
Vector
Vector
A quantity that requires both magnitude (size/amount) and direction to be fully described, like giving directions.
Magnitude
Magnitude
The size or amount of a scalar or vector quantity. It always includes units of measurement.
Equilibrium
Equilibrium
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Friction
Friction
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Study Notes
Significant Number Rules
- All non-zero digits and zeros between non-zeros are significant
- Example: 300042 = 6 significant digits
- Leading zeros are not significant
- Example: 0.000034 = 2 significant digits
- Trailing zeros are significant if a decimal point is present
- Example: 0.0002500 = 4 significant digits
- Trailing zeros may or may not be significant if no decimal point is present; use the most conservative count
- Example: 190000 = 2 significant digits (could be up to 6)
Rules for Calculating with Significant Digits
- When adding or subtracting, round the result to the least number of decimal places.
- Example: 1.457 + 83.2 = 84.657 rounds to 84.7
- Example: 0.0367 - 0.004322 = 0.032378 rounds to 0.0324
- When multiplying or dividing, round the result to the least number of significant digits.
- Example: 4.36 x 0.00013 = 0.0005668 rounds to 0.00057
- Example: 12.300 / 0.0230 = 534.78261 rounds to 535
Practice Problems (Significant Digits)
- 43.74 km
- 4302.5 g
- 0.0083 s
- 1.200 x 103 kg
Chapter 5 Forces in Equilibrium
- 5.1 The Force Vector
- 5.2 Forces and Equilibrium
- 5.3 Friction
Types of Force
- Friction force
- Spring force
- Buoyant force
- Gravity force
- Drag force
- Applied force
- Electric force
- Magnetic force
- Normal force
Scalars and Vectors
- A scalar quantity has only magnitude (size/amount).
- Example: speed
- A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
- Example: weight
- Vectors are useful for describing directions.
Scalar Quantity
- A scalar is a quantity that can be fully described by its magnitude.
- Magnitude means the amount and measurement units are included.
- Example of scalar quantities include time, temperature, and length.
Vector Quantity
- A vector has both magnitude and direction.
- A single number is not descriptive enough for vector quantities.
- Example of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
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