Signals & Systems Lab Experiment 1

Questions and Answers

Which command correctly initializes a row vector in MATLAB?

a = [1 2 3 4]; (correct)

a = (1, 2, 3, 4);

a = {1, 2, 3, 4};

a = [1; 2; 3; 4];

What is the result of the operation g4 = f / g in MATLAB, where f and g are defined as matrices?

Matrix division using the right division operator. (correct)

Element-wise division of f and g.

Transpose of matrix g.

Matrix multiplication of f and g.

Which function generates a vector with 10 points equally spaced between -5 and 5?

b2 = logspace(-5, 5, 10);

b2 = linspace(-5, 5, 10); (correct)

b2 = range(-5, 5, 10);

b2 = rand(-5, 5, 10);

What is the purpose of the command d2 = randi([-5, 5], 10, 1);?

Generate a 10-by-1 vector of uniformly distributed random integers. Signup and view all the answers

Which operator would you use to perform element-wise multiplication of two matrices f and g?

g3 = f . * g; Signup and view all the answers

To create a column vector with normally distributed random numbers of size 5-by-5 in MATLAB, which command is correct?

d1 = randn(5, 5); Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the expression h3 = h1 > h2?

[1 1 1 0 0] Signup and view all the answers

Which command would generate a vector of logarithmically spaced numbers between 10 and 100?

c = logspace(1, 2, 5); Signup and view all the answers

What does the command a2 = [1 2 3 4]; create?

A row vector. Signup and view all the answers

Which command retains existing plots in the current axes when adding new plots?

hold on Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'subplot(m,n,p)' accomplish?

Divides the current figure into multiple plots Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the expression h4 = h1 == h2?

[0 1 0 1 0] Signup and view all the answers

What type of plot does the command 'semilogy(x1, y1)' create?

Semi-logarithmic plot with a logarithmic scale on the Y-axis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following commands is used to plot data in a log-log scale?

Loglog(x2, y2) Signup and view all the answers

What will the result of the operation g7 = f./g be?

Element-wise division of f by g Signup and view all the answers

Which operator checks if each element in h1 is less than 2?

h5 = h1 < 2 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Experiment No. 1: MATLAB Basics

Objective includes defining variables, performing arithmetic operations, and creating vectors/matrices in MATLAB.
Key operations involve matrix manipulations like transposition, determinant calculation, and matrix inversion.

Software Required

MATLAB is the primary software used for this experiment.

Basic Commands

Variable Declaration

Integers: Use a = 3; and b = 5;.
Characters: Use a1 = "hello";.
Vectors:
- Row vector: a2 = [1 2 3 4]; or a21 = [1, 2, 3, 4];
- Column vector: a3 = [1; 2; 3; 4];

Defining Vectors

linspace(x1, x2, n): Generates n linearly spaced points between x1 and x2.
Example: b2 = linspace(-5, 5, 10);
logspace: Generates logarithmically spaced numbers, e.g., c = logspace(a, b);
Specify number of values with: c1 = logspace(a, b, 7);

Random Numbers

Create a 10x10 matrix of uniformly distributed random numbers using d = rand(10);.
Generate 5x5 matrix of normally distributed random numbers with d1 = randn(5);.
For uniform integers in [-5, 5]: d2 = randi([-5, 5], 10, 1);.

Matrix Operations

Initialize matrices with f = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]; and g = [1 4 5; 2 5 8; 4 6 3];.
Addition: g1 = f + g;
Subtraction: g2 = f - g;
Multiplication: g3 = f * g;
Division: g4 = f / g;
Exponentiation: g5 = f ^ 2;
Element-wise Operations:
- g6 = f .* g; (Multiplication)
- g7 = f ./ g; (Division)
- g8 = f .^ g; (Exponentiation)

Relational and Logical Operators

Initialize vectors: h1 = [1 2 3 4 5]; and h2 = [5 4 3 2 1];
Greater than: h3 = h1 > h2;
Equal: h4 = h1 == h2;
Less than: h5 = h1 < h2;
Greater than or equal: h6 = h1 >= 2 & h1 <= 4;

Loops and Conditional Statements

Basic use of for loops and if/else conditions is fundamental to MATLAB programming.

Data Visualization

Create 2-D line plots using: plot(X, Y);
Multiple plots in one figure with hold on for retaining plots.
Open new figures with figure; and divide them using subplot(m, n, p);
Plot data sequences with stem(x, y); for discrete data representation.
Use semi-logarithmic plots with semilogy(x1, y1); and log-log scale plots with loglog(x2, y2);.

Results & Conclusion

Students are encouraged to write personal observations and conclusions based on the experiment.

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Description

This quiz focuses on using MATLAB for basic operations including defining variables, performing arithmetic, and creating vectors and matrices. It also covers the application of built-in functions for operations like transpose, determinant, and matrix inversion. Perfect for students in Electronics and Communication Engineering.