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Questions and Answers
Match the basic operations on dependent variables with their definitions:
Match the basic operations on dependent variables with their definitions:
Amplitude Scaling = Multiply the signal by a constant Addition = Sum two signals Differentiation = Rate of change of a signal Integration = Accumulation of a signal over time
Match the operations performed on independent variables with their definitions:
Match the operations performed on independent variables with their definitions:
Time-shifting = Shift the signal in time Time-reversal = Reverse the time direction of the signal Time-scaling = Change the speed of the signal Time-dilation = Stretch the time duration of the signal
Match the classification of systems with their descriptions:
Match the classification of systems with their descriptions:
Linear system = Superposition applies Non-linear system = Superposition does not apply Time-invariant system = Response does not change over time Time-variant system = Response changes over time
Match the operations on signals with their corresponding mathematical representation:
Match the operations on signals with their corresponding mathematical representation:
Match the following signal types with their descriptions:
Match the following signal types with their descriptions:
Match the following examples with their corresponding signal type:
Match the following examples with their corresponding signal type:
Match the following signal characteristics with their appropriate type:
Match the following signal characteristics with their appropriate type:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following properties with their corresponding signal types:
Match the following properties with their corresponding signal types:
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Study Notes
Signals
- Any time-varying physical phenomenon that conveys information
- Signals can be useful (human voices, music, images) or useless (noise, interference)
Basic Signal Operations
-
Dependent Variable Operations:
- Amplitude Scaling: Multiplying the signal by a constant
- Addition: Adding two signals together
- Multiplication: Multiplying two signals together
- Differentiation: Rate of change of the signal
- Integration: Accumulation of the signal over time
-
Independent Variable Operations:
- Time-Shifting: Shifting the signal in time
- Time-Reversal: Reversing the signal in time
- Time-Scaling: Compressing or stretching the signal in time
Signal Classification
- Continuous-Value: Signal can have any value within a range
- Discrete-Value: Signal can only take values from a finite set
- Continuous-Time: Signal is defined for all time
- Discrete-Time: Signal is defined only at specific instants of time (usually integer values)
- Analog: Signal amplitude can take any value, continuous with time
- Digital: Signal amplitude is quantized, belonging to a finite set of values, continuous with time
- Deterministic: Signal's value can be predicted with certainty
- Random: Signal's value cannot be predicted with certainty
- Real: Signal's value is a real number
- Complex: Signal's value is a complex number
- Periodic: Signal repeats itself over time
- Nonperiodic: Signal does not repeat itself
- Even: Signal is symmetrical around the vertical axis
- Odd: Signal is symmetrical around the origin (rotational symmetry)
- Causal: Signal is zero for all negative time
- Noncausal: Signal can have non-zero values before time zero
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