Signals and Basic Operations

Amplitude Scaling = Multiply the signal by a constant Addition = Sum two signals Differentiation = Rate of change of a signal Integration = Accumulation of a signal over time

Time-shifting = Shift the signal in time Time-reversal = Reverse the time direction of the signal Time-scaling = Change the speed of the signal Time-dilation = Stretch the time duration of the signal

Linear system = Superposition applies Non-linear system = Superposition does not apply Time-invariant system = Response does not change over time Time-variant system = Response changes over time

<p>Differentiation = $rac{dy(t)}{dt}$ Integration = $y(t) = , \int g(t) , dt$ Addition = $y(t) = g_1(t) + g_2(t)$ Multiplication = $y(t) = g_1(t) , g_2(t)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuous-value signal = May have any value within a continuum of allowed values Discrete-value signal = Can only have values taken from a finite set Continuous-time signal = Defined for all time t Discrete-time signal = Defined only at discrete instants of time n</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analog speech transmission = Continuous-value signal Temperature readings at set intervals = Discrete-time signal Digital audio files = Discrete-value signal Light wave signals = Continuous-time signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuous-time signals = Arise naturally from physical signals Discrete-value signals = Values derived from quantization of continuous signals Analog signals = Continuous amplitude over time Digital signals = Values represented by discrete levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantized signal = Derived from a continuous-value signal Sampling process = Method of obtaining discrete-time signals from continuous-time signals Finite set = A limited number of distinct values Photoelectric cell = Transducer for converting light to electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continuous signals = Can have zero value at certain instants Discrete signals = Do not have values at non-integer time instants Analog signals = Characterized by continuous amplitude Digital signals = Characterized by discrete amplitude levels</p> Signup and view all the answers