Sign of the Chrysanthemum History Quiz

Study Notes

The Sign of the Chrysanthemum

The chrysanthemum was traditionally used by Japanese samurai and shoguns as a personal seal, known as a Kizuka, which also served as their signature on documents. It is still used today by some Japanese politicians and organizations. Here is what you need to know about this emblematic flower.

![Chrysanthemum Emblem](https://i.imgur.com/upxWQwv.jpg)

History of the Chrysanthemum

As per Suehiro's book, A Guide to Japanese Culture, an emperor named Genji (Emperor Sutoku, 8th Century Japan) established the chrysanthemum as his monogram when he signed governmental papers. From Genji down through the centuries, every emperor adopted it for himself. This practice continued until Emperor Meiji in the late 19th century, who abolished the old system of sigils associated with each reign period from 1 to 16. He did so because the numbering system, called Jōjōkei, had become obsolete due to changes in the imperial family during the preceding two centuries. However, one exception was made for the chrysanthemum, which has remained the monarch's crest ever since.

The link to the article can be found here here for further reading.

Usage Today

Nowadays, the chrysanthemum is mostly used by companies operating within the Kyushu region of Japan, such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Nippon Steel Corp., Fujikura Co. Ltd., and Sharp Corporation. In addition, many universities in this area also carry the chrysanthemum sign in their logos, including Fukuoka University and Nagasaki University. Hospitals in Kyushu often have the chrysanthemum symbol displayed outside their entrances. Furthermore, Yokohama City and Kumamoto Prefecture both have the chrysanthemum as their official symbols.

Symbolism

In Japan, the chrysanthemum is considered the most auspicious flower. While it is native to East Asia and the Pacific Islands, it is now widely cultivated around the world and is prized for its beauty and resilience. The chrysanthemum's multiple layers of petals and vibrant colors make it a popular subject for paintings and photographs. According to legend, a divine deity named Amaterasu sent her granddaughter, Princess Yamato Hime, from heaven to rule over Japan. Upon arrival, she carried a bouquet of flowers, among them were cherry blossoms, maple leaves, peony blossoms, and five kinds of chrysanthemums. Over time, these flowers became deeply ingrained in Japanese culture, particularly the chrysanthemum.

Modern Uses

In modern times, the use of the chrysanthemum emblem in Japan has been revived, with many hotels, restaurants, and other establishments displaying it as a sign of their Japanese heritage. For example, the Hakone Sekisho Inn in Hakone displays the chrysanthemum on its sign, along with the words "Hakone Sekisho Inn" in Japanese. This revival of the chrysanthemum emblem is a testament to its historical significance and cultural importance in Japan.

In conclusion, the chrysanthemum is a flower with deep historical and cultural significance in Japan. Once used as a personal seal by samurai and shoguns, it is now mostly used by companies, universities, and government entities in the Kyushu region of Japan. The chrysanthemum's beauty and resilience have made it a popular subject for art and an enduring symbol of Japanese heritage.

Description

Test your knowledge about the historical and cultural significance of the chrysanthemum emblem in Japan, from its origin as a personal seal for emperors to its modern uses by organizations and establishments.