30 Questions
What is a common finding in individuals with severe anemia?
Atrophic glossitis
Which symptom is not typically associated with anemia?
Restlessness
What can be a sign of anemia in nails?
Concave shape
What is a common CNS-related symptom of anemia?
Dizziness
Which system's ability affects the clinical presentation of anemia?
Cardiovascular system
What is a GI-related symptom often seen in individuals with anemia?
GI bleeding
What is the average incubation period for HCV?
Six to seven weeks
Which virus has signs and symptoms often undistinguishable from those of HCV?
Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
What percentage of clients infected with genotype 1 achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR)?
Approximately 50%
Which factor does NOT increase the risk of developing chronic hepatitis and its complications?
Female gender
What is the major feature of HCV according to the text?
Insidious onset
What percentage of clients develop cirrhosis due to HCV infection?
Around 20%
What is the recommended follow-up diagnostic test for Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) if indicated?
Serum TIBC and serum ferritin
Which diagnostic test is NOT recommended for investigating Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)?
Urinalysis
What does an absent iron storage indicate in terms of serum iron concentration?
Serum ferritin value <30 ng/mL
Which condition is NOT included in the differential diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)?
Hemochromatosis
How long should treatment for Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) continue after the Hematocrit (Hct) returns to normal?
At least 4 to 6 months
Which diagnostic test is specifically mentioned for evaluating adults with a new diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and no obvious source of blood loss?
Upper endoscopy
What is the characteristic feature of microcytic anaemia?
Small, pale red blood cells
In males, what are the typical levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit in microcytic anaemia?
Hgb <130 g/L and Hct <41%
Which population group is iron deficiency anaemia particularly prevalent in?
Women of childbearing age
What is the estimated occurrence of iron deficiency in adult women in the United States?
20%
How does the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anaemia progress?
Iron loss exceeds intake leading to stored iron depletion
Which test is recommended to screen for retinopathy annually starting from 8 years old?
'Retinal examinations'
What is the main consequence of transferrin deficiency?
Accumulation of iron in tissues
In ceruloplasmin deficiency, what is the role of ferroxidase?
Converts Fe2+ to Fe3+ for binding to transferrin
What is the key mechanism for iron overload in both HFE and non-HFE hemochromatosis?
Enhanced iron absorption from the gastrointestinal tract
What is the normal total body iron content in men?
3.5 g
Why are clinical manifestations of hemochromatosis uncommon before menopause in women?
Reduced iron loss due to menses
What is the critical control mechanism for iron absorption?
Hepcidin
Test your knowledge on the monitoring and treatment options for sickle cell disease, including regular blood work, urinalysis, transcranial doppler, retinal examinations, and echocardiography. Explore future therapies such as gene therapy, voxelotor, and crizanlizumab.
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