SI Units: Base and Derived

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following derived units is equivalent to the base SI units of $kg \cdot m^2 \cdot s^{-2}$?

  • Pascal (P)
  • Newton (N)
  • Watt (W)
  • Joule (J) (correct)

Given that thermal conductivity is measured in $W/(m \cdot K)$, which of the following correctly expresses this unit in terms of base SI units?

  • $kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-3} \cdot K^{-1}$ (correct)
  • $kg \cdot m^2 \cdot s^{-3} \cdot K^{-1}$
  • $kg \cdot m^3 \cdot s^{-3} \cdot K^{-1}$
  • $kg \cdot m^2 \cdot s^{-2} \cdot K^{-1}$

Consider a scenario where you need to calculate the energy required to raise the temperature of a substance. Which unit would be most appropriate for expressing the specific heat capacity of that substance?

  • Joule/kilogram-kelvin ($J \cdot kg^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}$) (correct)
  • Joule per Kelvin (J/K)
  • Watt per metre Kelvin (W/m.K)
  • Joule per kilogram (J/kg)

If a physics equation results in an answer with units of $N \cdot kg^{-1}$, what physical quantity does this likely represent?

<p>Gravitational Field Strength (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of rotational motion, which unit is appropriate for quantifying angular acceleration?

<p>Radian per second squared (rad/s) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student calculates a value with the units of $kg \cdot m^{-3}$. Which physical quantity has the student calculated?

<p>Density (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following quantities shares the same derived unit as 'Work'?

<p>Energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a quantity is measured in $m \cdot s^{-1}$, what is being measured?

<p>Speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing the behavior of materials under stress, which quantity is appropriately measured in Newtons per square metre ($N \cdot m^{-2}$)?

<p>Stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantity is measured in $Hz$?

<p>Frequency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs of physical quantities have the same derived units?

<p>Torque and Energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a new physical quantity, 'Z', is defined by the equation $Z = \frac{Force}{Area \times Velocity}$, what would be the correct derived unit for Z?

<p>$kg \cdot m^{-4} \cdot s^{-1}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a scientist discovers a new force and determines its magnitude is related to momentum (p) and time (t) by the equation $Force = \frac{p}{t^n}$. What value of 'n' makes this equation dimensionally consistent?

<p>1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a hypothetical scenario where 'impulse' is defined as the change in 'jerk' over time. If jerk is the rate of change of acceleration, what would be the appropriate derived unit for this 'impulse'?

<p>$m \cdot s^{-4}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a novel physical quantity called 'energy flux density' defined as energy per unit area per unit time. What derived unit accurately represents 'energy flux density'?

<p>$W \cdot m^{-2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose 'action' is defined as Energy Time. Which of the following represents the correct derived unit for 'action'?

<p>Joule-second (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the equation, $K = \frac{Stress \times Volume}{Area}$, what are the units of $K$?

<p>Newton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the relationship between gravitational potential energy (U), mass (m), and gravitational potential (V) as U = mV, determine the appropriate units for gravitational potential (V).

<p>$J \cdot kg^{-1}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a physical quantity 'Q' is defined as $Q = \frac{Power}{Volume \times Angular \hspace{0.1cm} Velocity}$, what is the derived unit for 'Q'?

<p>$kg \cdot m^{-5} \cdot s^{-2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose quantity 'X' is calculated using the formula $X = \frac{Thermal \hspace{0.1cm} Conductivity}{Area}$. What would be the derived units for quantity 'X'?

<p>$W \cdot K \cdot m^{-3}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The derived unit for 'Gravitational Potential' is given as $J \cdot kg^{-1}$. Which combination of base SI units is equivalent to this?

<p>$m^2 \cdot s^{-2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student measures 'Thermal Resistance' as the inverse of 'Thermal Conductivity.' What would be the appropriate derived unit for 'Thermal Resistance'?

<p>$m \cdot K \cdot W^{-1}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that 'Stress' and 'Young's Modulus' share the same derived unit, what fundamental quantities are inherently related through this unit?

<p>Force and Area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What combination of base SI units is equivalent to the derived unit of 'Power'?

<p>$kg \cdot m^2 \cdot s^{-3}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 'action potential' is defined as the rate of change of 'gravitational potential' with respect to time, what would be the derived unit for 'action potential'?

<p>$m^2 \cdot s^{-3}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that 'Impulse' is the change in momentum, which of the following represents the correct derived unit for 'Impulse'?

<p>$N \cdot s$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hypothetical quantity 'Gamma' is defined as the product of 'Pressure' and 'Volume'. What derived unit would accurately represent 'Gamma'?

<p>Joule (J) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a new quantity 'Q' is defined as $Q = rac{Torque}{Momentum}$. What derived unit accurately represents 'Q'?

<p>$s^{-1}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 'Elastic Potential Energy' is calculated using the formula $\frac{1}{2} \cdot Stress \cdot Strain \cdot Volume $, and 'Strain' is dimensionless, what derived unit would 'Elastic Potential Energy' have?

<p>Joule (J) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given 'Gravitational Field Strength' shares the same derived unit as 'Acceleration', what does this imply about the relationship between these two physical quantities?

<p>Both relate force to mass. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that 'Stress' is measured in $N \cdot m^{-2}$ and 'Strain' is dimensionless, what derived unit would accurately represent a quantity defined by $Stress^2 / Strain$?

<p>$N^2 \cdot m^{-4}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a physical quantity 'Z' is defined as $Z = rac{Power}{Area \cdot Velocity^2 }$, what would be the correct derived unit for Z?

<p>$kg \cdot m^{-4} \cdot s^{-3}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the relationship between 'Torque' ($\tau$), 'Moment of Inertia' (I), and 'Angular Acceleration' ($\alpha$) as $\tau = I \cdot \alpha$, what derived unit would fundamentally link 'Torque' and 'Angular Acceleration' if 'Moment of Inertia' were dimensionless?

<p>$rad \cdot s^{-2}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 'quantum action' is defined as the product of 'energy' and 'time period' and 'energy' is defined as $\frac{Force \cdot displacement}{time \cdot frequency}$, what is the derived unit of 'quantum action'?

<p>$kg \cdot m^2 \cdot s^{-1}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a hypothetical quantity 'Omega' is defined as the square root of the product of 'Pressure' and 'Volume'. What derived unit would accurately represent 'Omega'?

<p>$kg^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where 'Thermal Diffusivity' is defined as the ratio of 'Thermal Conductivity' to the product of 'Density' and 'Specific Heat Capacity'. What derived unit would accurately represent 'Thermal Diffusivity'?

<p>$m^2 \cdot s^{-1}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine constructing a novel quantity 'X' defined as $X = \frac{Momentum \cdot Angular \hspace{0.1cm} Velocity}{Area}$. What derived unit would accurately represent quantity 'X'?

<p>$kg \cdot m^{-1} \cdot s^{-2}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose a new physical quantity 'Z' is defined by the equation $Z = \frac{Force \cdot Velocity}{Power}$. What derived unit would accurately represent 'Z'?

<p>Dimensionless (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 'flux' is defined as the product of 'density' and 'velocity', which of the following represents the correct derived unit for 'flux'?

<p>$kg \cdot m^{-2} \cdot s^{-1}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a novel physical quantity called 'specific angular momentum' defined as 'angular momentum' per unit mass. Given 'angular momentum' is defined as the product of 'moment of inertia' and 'angular velocity', what derived unit accurately represents 'specific angular momentum'?

<p>$m^2 \cdot s^{-1}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Length

Measure of spatial extent in one dimension.

Mass

The quantity of matter in a physical body.

Time

The duration between two events

Electric Current

Rate of flow of electric charge.

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Temperature

Measure of hotness or coldness.

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Amount of Substance

The quantity whose unit is the mole.

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Luminous Intensity

A measure of the radiant power emitted by a light source.

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Area

The extent of a 2D surface

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Volume

The space occupied by a 3D object

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Density

Mass per unit volume

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Speed, Velocity

Rate of change of position with time.

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Acceleration

Rate of change of velocity with time.

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Force

Influence that causes an object to undergo a certain change.

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Work, Energy, Quantity of heat

Energy transferred to or from an object by application of force.

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Power, Heat current

Rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

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Entropy

The measure of a system's thermal energy that is unavailable for doing useful work.

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Specific Heat capacity

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by one Kelvin.

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Thermal Conductivity

Measure of a material's ability to conduct heat.

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Momentum

Mass in motion; resistance to change in motion.

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Moment of Inertia

Resistance of an object to changes in its rotation rate.

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Angular Velocity

Rate of change of angular displacement.

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Angular acceleration

Rate of change of angular velocity.

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Pressure

Force acting normally per unit area.

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Frequency

Number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.

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Period

Time required for one cycle of a repeating event.

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Amplitude

Maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, measured from the position of equilibrium.

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Gravitational Potential

Potential energy per unit mass.

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Stress, Young's modulus

Measure of a material's resistance to elastic deformation under stress.

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Gravitational Field Strength

Force experienced by a test mass due to gravity.

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Torque

A twisting force that causes rotation.

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Study Notes

Okay, here are the updated study notes incorporating the information from the provided text:

  • Bernoulli's principle states that a fluid's increase in speed occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or potential energy.

How Wings Generate Lift

  • The shape of an airfoil controls airflow.
  • Air pressure is lower above the wing and higher below it.
  • Increased air pressure below the wing forces it upward, generating lift.

Bernoulli's Principle Equation

  • The equation representing Bernoulli's principle is: $P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho g h = constant$
    • P represents fluid pressure.
    • $\rho$ represents density.
    • v represents fluid velocity.
    • g represents acceleration due to gravity.
    • h represents height.

Example

  • If water flows through a hose at 8 m/s with a pressure of 300,000 $N/m^2$, the pressure increases to 1,100,000 $N/m^2$ when the hose diameter is halved.

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