78 Questions
Which test is used to assess for proximal biceps tendon injuries?
Speed's test and Yergason test
How is the O'Brien test conducted?
Place the arm in 90 degrees forward flexion, adduction to 10 degrees, and resist thumb down movement
Which test is used to assess for acromioclavicular (AC) joint pathology?
Scarf or crossover test
How is Adson's test performed to check for thoracic outlet syndrome?
Extend and rotate the neck to the affected side, then pull the arm back
Which maneuver is used to assess for brachial plexus injuries?
Spurling's maneuver
The Elevated Arm Stress Test (EAST) is used to assess for which condition?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
What should the provider ask about in the patient intake process?
The mechanism of injury leading to pain onset
Which muscle is NOT a major muscle involved in shoulder extension?
Biceps brachii
What does the Lift-off Test check for in the shoulder?
Subscapularis weakness
Which motion is NOT included in the shoulder's range of motion?
Circumduction
Which muscle is the major muscle for shoulder abduction?
Supraspinatus
What does the Yergason Test assess in the shoulder?
Biceps tendon injuries
What is the gold standard for diagnosing a rotator cuff tear?
MRI
Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for a grade 1 or 2 acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation?
Surgical fixation
What is the most common rotator cuff muscle to be torn?
Supraspinatus
Which of the following is NOT a common presentation of a rotator cuff tear?
Severe swelling
What is the most common mechanism of injury for a humeral shaft fracture?
Both direct blow or FOOSH
Which of the following is used to classify a proximal humeral fracture?
Neer classification
Which anatomical structure is involved in a Hill-Sachs lesion?
The head of the humerus
What is the recommended treatment for an acute shoulder dislocation?
Reduction of the dislocation followed by immobilization
Which technique is described for reducing a shoulder dislocation?
Stimson's technique
What is the grading system used to classify the severity of an AC joint separation?
Grade 1 to 6
What is a common presentation of an AC joint separation?
Tenderness over the AC joint and pain with abduction
What is a potential finding on physical examination in an AC joint separation?
Step-off deformity at the AC joint
What is the gold standard diagnostic imaging for a clavicle fracture?
AP and cephalic tilt view x-ray
Which presentation is most likely associated with a proximal biceps tendon rupture?
Complaints of painful clicks and pops
In a clavicle fracture, when is surgical referral needed?
If there is neurovascular compromise
What is the most common mechanism of injury for a clavicle fracture?
A fall on an outstretched arm
Which condition is associated with the need for NSAIDs, rest, and potential surgical repair if not healing?
SLAP lesions
What is the most likely complaint of patients experiencing burner-stingers?
Temporary tingling down the arm
What is the diagnostic gold standard for impingement syndrome?
Pain relief after corticosteroid injection
Which condition is characterized by an idiopathic loss of active and passive range of motion?
Adhesive capsulitis
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for adhesive capsulitis?
History of shoulder dislocation
Which special test would be positive for acromioclavicular (AC) joint involvement in shoulder osteoarthritis?
Scarf test
What is a characteristic presentation of shoulder instability?
Reporting the shoulder slipping out of the joint
Which condition is most commonly due to congenital abnormalities?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Which special test would be positive in thoracic outlet syndrome?
Both Adson's test and EAST
During which phase of adhesive capsulitis would a patient experience decreasing comfort and slow increase in range of motion?
Thawing phase
Which treatment is NOT recommended for impingement syndrome?
Surgery
Which radiographic finding is associated with shoulder instability?
Both Hill-Sacks and Bankart lesions
What is a common presentation of AC joint osteoarthritis?
Pain with lying on the affected side
Which special test would be positive for a patient with proximal biceps tendonitis?
Speed's test and Yergason's test
Which physical exam finding is commonly associated with shoulder osteoarthritis in the AC joint?
Decreased range of motion with crepitus
Which treatment is NOT recommended for patients with proximal biceps tendonitis?
Steroid injection
What angle is considered normal for the carrying angle of the elbow?
Between 10-15 degrees
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of elbow arthritis mentioned in the text?
Psoriatic arthritis
Which special test is used to check for medial collateral ligament (MCL) instability of the elbow?
Valgus test
What is the primary nerve responsible for elbow extension?
C7
Which of the following is a common presentation of elbow osteoarthritis?
Pain, stiffness, and joint space narrowing with osteophytes on imaging
What is the most common presentation of an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?
A pop with pain after an overhead pitch
What is the recommended treatment for Medial Epicondylitis, also known as Golfer's elbow?
NSAIDs and forearm compression
What is the gold standard diagnostic imaging for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?
MRI
Which special test would be positive for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?
Valgus stress testing
What is the most common treatment for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?
Physical therapy and non-surgical intervention
Which condition is characterized by compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow?
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
What is the most common cause of an Olecranon Fracture?
A fall on the outstretched arm/elbow
Which presentation may indicate a patient has Septic Arthritis rather than gout?
High WBC count on fluid analysis and fever
What is the common name for lateral epicondylitis?
Tennis Elbow
Which injury is most common in pediatric patients involving the elbow?
Supracondylar Fracture
What is the term for a carrying angle greater than 15 degrees at the elbow?
Cubitus valgus
What muscle condition is assessed by performing resisted wrist flexion?
Medial epicondylitis
Which test is performed to evaluate MCL stability at the elbow?
Vargus test
What is the common presentation of olecranon bursitis?
Swollen bursa with pain
What should be checked if a patient presents with an olecranon fracture?
Function of the ulnar nerve
Which direction are 90% of olecranon dislocations typically?
Posterior
What is the recommended treatment for olecranon bursitis?
Compression sleeve and NSAIDs
In cases of olecranon dislocation, what must the provider check for due to potential associated fractures?
Ulnar nerve function
What is the most common cause of an Olecranon Dislocation?
Immediate trauma such as a fall on the outstretched arm/elbow
Which nerve root is responsible for controlling finger flexion?
C8 nerve root
What is the primary motion associated with the C7 nerve root?
Elbow extension and wrist flexion
Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers?
C7 nerve root
What is the primary motion associated with the C6 nerve root?
Elbow flexion and wrist extension
Which special test is used to diagnose cervical disk herniation or spondylosis?
Spurling's Maneuver
What is the primary motion associated with the C5 nerve root?
Shoulder abduction and elbow flexion
Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the medial elbow?
T1 nerve root
Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the 5th finger?
C8 nerve root
What special test is used to assess for myelopathy?
Hoffmann's Reflex
Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the lateral arm below the deltoid?
C5 nerve root
Learn about the important steps in assessing a shoulder injury patient, including asking about the mechanism of injury, location and duration of pain, and conducting range of motion tests. Understand the significance of inspection and range of motion assessment in shoulder examinations.
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