Shoulder and Elbow
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Questions and Answers

Which test is used to assess for proximal biceps tendon injuries?

  • Speed's test and Yergason test (correct)
  • Spurling's Maneuver
  • O'Brien test
  • Adson's test

How is the O'Brien test conducted?

  • Abduct the shoulder and open/close the fist for 3 minutes
  • Place the arm in 90 degrees forward flexion, adduction to 10 degrees, and resist thumb down movement (correct)
  • Place the arm in 90 degrees abduction and resist thumb up movement
  • Extend and rotate the neck to the affected side, then pull the arm back

Which test is used to assess for acromioclavicular (AC) joint pathology?

  • Spurling's maneuver
  • Scarf or crossover test (correct)
  • Speed's test
  • Yergason test

How is Adson's test performed to check for thoracic outlet syndrome?

<p>Extend and rotate the neck to the affected side, then pull the arm back (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which maneuver is used to assess for brachial plexus injuries?

<p>Spurling's maneuver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Elevated Arm Stress Test (EAST) is used to assess for which condition?

<p>Thoracic outlet syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the provider ask about in the patient intake process?

<p>The mechanism of injury leading to pain onset (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT a major muscle involved in shoulder extension?

<p>Biceps brachii (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Lift-off Test check for in the shoulder?

<p>Subscapularis weakness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which motion is NOT included in the shoulder's range of motion?

<p>Circumduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is the major muscle for shoulder abduction?

<p>Supraspinatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Yergason Test assess in the shoulder?

<p>Biceps tendon injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gold standard for diagnosing a rotator cuff tear?

<p>MRI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for a grade 1 or 2 acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation?

<p>Surgical fixation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common rotator cuff muscle to be torn?

<p>Supraspinatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common presentation of a rotator cuff tear?

<p>Severe swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mechanism of injury for a humeral shaft fracture?

<p>Both direct blow or FOOSH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to classify a proximal humeral fracture?

<p>Neer classification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure is involved in a Hill-Sachs lesion?

<p>The head of the humerus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for an acute shoulder dislocation?

<p>Reduction of the dislocation followed by immobilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is described for reducing a shoulder dislocation?

<p>Stimson's technique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the grading system used to classify the severity of an AC joint separation?

<p>Grade 1 to 6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common presentation of an AC joint separation?

<p>Tenderness over the AC joint and pain with abduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential finding on physical examination in an AC joint separation?

<p>Step-off deformity at the AC joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gold standard diagnostic imaging for a clavicle fracture?

<p>AP and cephalic tilt view x-ray (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which presentation is most likely associated with a proximal biceps tendon rupture?

<p>Complaints of painful clicks and pops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a clavicle fracture, when is surgical referral needed?

<p>If there is neurovascular compromise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mechanism of injury for a clavicle fracture?

<p>A fall on an outstretched arm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with the need for NSAIDs, rest, and potential surgical repair if not healing?

<p>SLAP lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely complaint of patients experiencing burner-stingers?

<p>Temporary tingling down the arm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic gold standard for impingement syndrome?

<p>Pain relief after corticosteroid injection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an idiopathic loss of active and passive range of motion?

<p>Adhesive capsulitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for adhesive capsulitis?

<p>History of shoulder dislocation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test would be positive for acromioclavicular (AC) joint involvement in shoulder osteoarthritis?

<p>Scarf test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic presentation of shoulder instability?

<p>Reporting the shoulder slipping out of the joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is most commonly due to congenital abnormalities?

<p>Thoracic outlet syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test would be positive in thoracic outlet syndrome?

<p>Both Adson's test and EAST (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of adhesive capsulitis would a patient experience decreasing comfort and slow increase in range of motion?

<p>Thawing phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is NOT recommended for impingement syndrome?

<p>Surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radiographic finding is associated with shoulder instability?

<p>Both Hill-Sacks and Bankart lesions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common presentation of AC joint osteoarthritis?

<p>Pain with lying on the affected side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test would be positive for a patient with proximal biceps tendonitis?

<p>Speed's test and Yergason's test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical exam finding is commonly associated with shoulder osteoarthritis in the AC joint?

<p>Decreased range of motion with crepitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is NOT recommended for patients with proximal biceps tendonitis?

<p>Steroid injection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What angle is considered normal for the carrying angle of the elbow?

<p>Between 10-15 degrees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of elbow arthritis mentioned in the text?

<p>Psoriatic arthritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test is used to check for medial collateral ligament (MCL) instability of the elbow?

<p>Valgus test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary nerve responsible for elbow extension?

<p>C7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common presentation of elbow osteoarthritis?

<p>Pain, stiffness, and joint space narrowing with osteophytes on imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common presentation of an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?

<p>A pop with pain after an overhead pitch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Medial Epicondylitis, also known as Golfer's elbow?

<p>NSAIDs and forearm compression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gold standard diagnostic imaging for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?

<p>MRI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test would be positive for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?

<p>Valgus stress testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common treatment for an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear?

<p>Physical therapy and non-surgical intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow?

<p>Cubital Tunnel Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of an Olecranon Fracture?

<p>A fall on the outstretched arm/elbow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which presentation may indicate a patient has Septic Arthritis rather than gout?

<p>High WBC count on fluid analysis and fever (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for lateral epicondylitis?

<p>Tennis Elbow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which injury is most common in pediatric patients involving the elbow?

<p>Supracondylar Fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a carrying angle greater than 15 degrees at the elbow?

<p>Cubitus valgus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscle condition is assessed by performing resisted wrist flexion?

<p>Medial epicondylitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is performed to evaluate MCL stability at the elbow?

<p>Vargus test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common presentation of olecranon bursitis?

<p>Swollen bursa with pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked if a patient presents with an olecranon fracture?

<p>Function of the ulnar nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction are 90% of olecranon dislocations typically?

<p>Posterior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for olecranon bursitis?

<p>Compression sleeve and NSAIDs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cases of olecranon dislocation, what must the provider check for due to potential associated fractures?

<p>Ulnar nerve function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of an Olecranon Dislocation?

<p>Immediate trauma such as a fall on the outstretched arm/elbow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve root is responsible for controlling finger flexion?

<p>C8 nerve root (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motion associated with the C7 nerve root?

<p>Elbow extension and wrist flexion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers?

<p>C7 nerve root (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motion associated with the C6 nerve root?

<p>Elbow flexion and wrist extension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test is used to diagnose cervical disk herniation or spondylosis?

<p>Spurling's Maneuver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motion associated with the C5 nerve root?

<p>Shoulder abduction and elbow flexion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the medial elbow?

<p>T1 nerve root (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the 5th finger?

<p>C8 nerve root (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What special test is used to assess for myelopathy?

<p>Hoffmann's Reflex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve root provides sensory innervation to the lateral arm below the deltoid?

<p>C5 nerve root (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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