Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a prerequisite to any treatment of a patient with shoulder pain?
Which of the following is a prerequisite to any treatment of a patient with shoulder pain?
What can cause shoulder pain?
What can cause shoulder pain?
Why is the assessment of the shoulder complex difficult?
Why is the assessment of the shoulder complex difficult?
What influences make the examination of the shoulder region even more difficult?
What influences make the examination of the shoulder region even more difficult?
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Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
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What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
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Which ligament controls the vertical motion of the clavicle?
Which ligament controls the vertical motion of the clavicle?
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What is the resting position of the acromioclavicular joint?
What is the resting position of the acromioclavicular joint?
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Which nerve innervates the sternoclavicular joint?
Which nerve innervates the sternoclavicular joint?
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What is the main ligament maintaining the integrity of the sternoclavicular joint?
What is the main ligament maintaining the integrity of the sternoclavicular joint?
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Which joint enables the humerus in the glenoid to move through a full 180 degrees of abduction?
Which joint enables the humerus in the glenoid to move through a full 180 degrees of abduction?
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What is the resting position of the scapulothoracic joint?
What is the resting position of the scapulothoracic joint?
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Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
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What are indicative factors of rotator cuff tears?
What are indicative factors of rotator cuff tears?
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What age group is primary impingement usually seen in?
What age group is primary impingement usually seen in?
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What age group is secondary impingement more common in?
What age group is secondary impingement more common in?
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At what age may calcium deposits occur?
At what age may calcium deposits occur?
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At what age is frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma seen?
At what age is frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma seen?
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Which ligament is the most important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint?
Which ligament is the most important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint?
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Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
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Which ligament limits inferior translation in adduction and restrains anterior translation and lateral rotation up to 45° of abduction?
Which ligament limits inferior translation in adduction and restrains anterior translation and lateral rotation up to 45° of abduction?
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What ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
What ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
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What ligament forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?
What ligament forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?
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What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
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Which joint primarily depends on muscles and ligaments for its support, stability, and integrity?
Which joint primarily depends on muscles and ligaments for its support, stability, and integrity?
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What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the resting position of the glenohumeral joint?
What is the resting position of the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the close packed position of the glenohumeral joint?
What is the close packed position of the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
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Which athletes commonly have greater retrotorsion in the humeral head?
Which athletes commonly have greater retrotorsion in the humeral head?
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Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
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What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
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What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
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What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
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What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
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What is the main ligament maintaining the integrity of the sternoclavicular joint?
What is the main ligament maintaining the integrity of the sternoclavicular joint?
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At what age may calcium deposits occur?
At what age may calcium deposits occur?
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At what age is frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma seen?
At what age is frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma seen?
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What can cause shoulder pain?
What can cause shoulder pain?
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What influences make the examination of the shoulder region even more difficult?
What influences make the examination of the shoulder region even more difficult?
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Which of the following is a common cause of shoulder pain?
Which of the following is a common cause of shoulder pain?
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What makes the assessment of the shoulder complex difficult?
What makes the assessment of the shoulder complex difficult?
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Which age group is most likely to experience shoulder impingement?
Which age group is most likely to experience shoulder impingement?
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Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
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What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
What is the most limited motion of the glenohumeral joint according to the capsular pattern?
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What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
What factor can play a significant role in the pathology of the shoulder?
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Which ligament supports the acromioclavicular joint anteriorly and posteriorly?
Which ligament supports the acromioclavicular joint anteriorly and posteriorly?
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Which joint is responsible for controlling the movements of the scapula?
Which joint is responsible for controlling the movements of the scapula?
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Which nerve innervates the sternoclavicular joint?
Which nerve innervates the sternoclavicular joint?
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What is the resting position of the sternoclavicular joint?
What is the resting position of the sternoclavicular joint?
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Which ligament prevents medial displacement of the clavicle in the sternoclavicular joint?
Which ligament prevents medial displacement of the clavicle in the sternoclavicular joint?
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What is the main function of the scapulothoracic joint?
What is the main function of the scapulothoracic joint?
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Which ligament helps to stabilize the long head of the biceps as it passes over the joint line?
Which ligament helps to stabilize the long head of the biceps as it passes over the joint line?
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What is the angle between the humeral neck and shaft in adults?
What is the angle between the humeral neck and shaft in adults?
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What is the resting position of the glenohumeral joint?
What is the resting position of the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
What is the function of the labrum in the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the relative position of the humeral head and the axis of the elbow at the distal humerus called?
What is the relative position of the humeral head and the axis of the elbow at the distal humerus called?
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Which muscles and ligaments primarily support the glenohumeral joint?
Which muscles and ligaments primarily support the glenohumeral joint?
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Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
Which age group is most likely to experience rotator cuff degeneration?
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What is the age range in which rotator cuff tears are more likely to be seen?
What is the age range in which rotator cuff tears are more likely to be seen?
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What are indicative factors of rotator cuff tears?
What are indicative factors of rotator cuff tears?
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What is the age range in which primary impingement due to degeneration and weakness is usually seen?
What is the age range in which primary impingement due to degeneration and weakness is usually seen?
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What age group is secondary impingement due to instability caused by weakness in the scapular or humeral control muscles more common in?
What age group is secondary impingement due to instability caused by weakness in the scapular or humeral control muscles more common in?
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At what age may calcium deposits occur?
At what age may calcium deposits occur?
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Which ligament is the primary support of the acromioclavicular joint?
Which ligament is the primary support of the acromioclavicular joint?
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What is the primary role of the superior glenohumeral ligament?
What is the primary role of the superior glenohumeral ligament?
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Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
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Which ligament is the most important in stabilizing the shoulder?
Which ligament is the most important in stabilizing the shoulder?
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Which ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
Which ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
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Which ligament helps to stabilize the long head of biceps and limits inferior translation of the acromioclavicular joint?
Which ligament helps to stabilize the long head of biceps and limits inferior translation of the acromioclavicular joint?
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Which age group is primary impingement usually seen in?
Which age group is primary impingement usually seen in?
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What is the age range when calcium deposits may occur?
What is the age range when calcium deposits may occur?
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What is the age range when chondrosarcomas may be seen?
What is the age range when chondrosarcomas may be seen?
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What is the age range when frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma is seen?
What is the age range when frozen shoulder resulting from causes other than trauma is seen?
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What is the age range when overuse damage to the proximal humeral physis may be seen?
What is the age range when overuse damage to the proximal humeral physis may be seen?
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What is the mechanism of injury when the patient falls on or receives a blow to the tip of the shoulder?
What is the mechanism of injury when the patient falls on or receives a blow to the tip of the shoulder?
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What does it mean when the patient supports the upper limb in a protected position or hesitates to move it?
What does it mean when the patient supports the upper limb in a protected position or hesitates to move it?
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What is the primary support of the acromioclavicular joint?
What is the primary support of the acromioclavicular joint?
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What ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
What ligament primarily limits inferior translation and helps to limit lateral rotation below 60° of abduction?
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What ligament forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?
What ligament forms an arch over the humeral head, acting as a block to superior translation?
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Which movement may cause pain in the shoulder due to cervical spine movements?
Which movement may cause pain in the shoulder due to cervical spine movements?
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What muscle tends to be overactive during elevation activities with subacromial impingement?
What muscle tends to be overactive during elevation activities with subacromial impingement?
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What should be asked regarding instability of the shoulder?
What should be asked regarding instability of the shoulder?
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What should be asked if the patient complains of pain with overhead activity, especially if the patient is an athlete?
What should be asked if the patient complains of pain with overhead activity, especially if the patient is an athlete?
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What movement may cause pain in an unstable and painful shoulder when the hand is placed behind the head with the elbow backward?
What movement may cause pain in an unstable and painful shoulder when the hand is placed behind the head with the elbow backward?
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What movement may cause pain in an unstable and painful shoulder when carrying a heavy weight with the arm extended along the body?
What movement may cause pain in an unstable and painful shoulder when carrying a heavy weight with the arm extended along the body?
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What movement may cause pain in recurrent dislocators when the humeral head is 'tightened' against the anterior glenoid?
What movement may cause pain in recurrent dislocators when the humeral head is 'tightened' against the anterior glenoid?
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What type of pain may be caused by pathology of the long head of biceps?
What type of pain may be caused by pathology of the long head of biceps?
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What movement may cause pain in the shoulder due to cervical spine movements?
What movement may cause pain in the shoulder due to cervical spine movements?
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What muscle tends to be overactive during elevation activities with subacromial impingement?
What muscle tends to be overactive during elevation activities with subacromial impingement?
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Which of the following symptoms may indicate vascular involvement in the upper limb?
Which of the following symptoms may indicate vascular involvement in the upper limb?
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Which condition may lead to thoracic outlet syndrome, axillary artery occlusion, effort thrombosis, or pressure in the quadrilateral space?
Which condition may lead to thoracic outlet syndrome, axillary artery occlusion, effort thrombosis, or pressure in the quadrilateral space?
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Which nerve may be injured as it passes through the suprascapular notch, leading to atrophy and paralysis of the supra- and infraspinatus muscles?
Which nerve may be injured as it passes through the suprascapular notch, leading to atrophy and paralysis of the supra- and infraspinatus muscles?
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Which nerve injury may result in atrophy and weakness or paralysis of the deltoid and teres minor muscles?
Which nerve injury may result in atrophy and weakness or paralysis of the deltoid and teres minor muscles?
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Which nerve injury may affect the extensors of the elbow, wrist, and fingers, as well as alter sensation in its sensory distribution?
Which nerve injury may affect the extensors of the elbow, wrist, and fingers, as well as alter sensation in its sensory distribution?
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Which shoulder is usually lower than the nondominant shoulder and may have a different range of motion?
Which shoulder is usually lower than the nondominant shoulder and may have a different range of motion?
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What is the main function of the scapulothoracic joint?
What is the main function of the scapulothoracic joint?
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Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
Which ligament limits lateral rotation between 45° and 90° of abduction?
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Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
Which structures should be evaluated in addition to the shoulder region?
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Which of the following symptoms may indicate nerve injury in the shoulder region?
Which of the following symptoms may indicate nerve injury in the shoulder region?
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Which of the following is a common cause of the dead-arm syndrome, characterized by sudden paralyzing pain and weakness in the shoulder?
Which of the following is a common cause of the dead-arm syndrome, characterized by sudden paralyzing pain and weakness in the shoulder?
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What is the term used to describe altered shoulder mechanics, commonly involving a tight posterior capsule, altered arthrokinematics of the glenohumeral joint, and scapular dyskinesia?
What is the term used to describe altered shoulder mechanics, commonly involving a tight posterior capsule, altered arthrokinematics of the glenohumeral joint, and scapular dyskinesia?
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What is the term used to describe pain during specific phases of pitching, indicating anterior instability even in the presence of minimal clinical signs?
What is the term used to describe pain during specific phases of pitching, indicating anterior instability even in the presence of minimal clinical signs?
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What is the term used to describe pain that is often related to rotator cuff tears and on occasion to tumors, and is typically worse at night?
What is the term used to describe pain that is often related to rotator cuff tears and on occasion to tumors, and is typically worse at night?
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Which of the following is a common cause of paratenonitis or tendinosis, often seen in skiers and cross-country skiers?
Which of the following is a common cause of paratenonitis or tendinosis, often seen in skiers and cross-country skiers?
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Which of the following activities may indicate nerve root pain in the shoulder?
Which of the following activities may indicate nerve root pain in the shoulder?
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Which of the following activities may exacerbate shoulder problems in patients with instability or inflammatory conditions?
Which of the following activities may exacerbate shoulder problems in patients with instability or inflammatory conditions?
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Which of the following signs could indicate an injury to the sternoclavicular joint or a posterior dislocation of the joint?
Which of the following signs could indicate an injury to the sternoclavicular joint or a posterior dislocation of the joint?
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Which of the following factors is important to determine in swimmers and baseball pitchers to assess shoulder problems?
Which of the following factors is important to determine in swimmers and baseball pitchers to assess shoulder problems?
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What is the term used to describe chronic overuse damage to the structures of the shoulder in elite swimmers?
What is the term used to describe chronic overuse damage to the structures of the shoulder in elite swimmers?
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Which muscle provides an origin for the rotator cuff muscles as well as the biceps and triceps muscles?
Which muscle provides an origin for the rotator cuff muscles as well as the biceps and triceps muscles?
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What can cause inflammation of the paratenon in the shoulder?
What can cause inflammation of the paratenon in the shoulder?
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What may snapping or clunking sound during abduction and adduction indicate in the shoulder?
What may snapping or clunking sound during abduction and adduction indicate in the shoulder?
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What can atrophy of the upper trapezius indicate in the shoulder?
What can atrophy of the upper trapezius indicate in the shoulder?
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What can atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus indicate in the shoulder?
What can atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus indicate in the shoulder?
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What is the term used to describe abnormal positions of the scapula like tilting, winging, or dysrhythmia?
What is the term used to describe abnormal positions of the scapula like tilting, winging, or dysrhythmia?
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What is the most common anomalous muscle in the axillary fossa?
What is the most common anomalous muscle in the axillary fossa?
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What deformity may be caused by an acromioclavicular dislocation with the distal end of the clavicle lying superior to the acromion process?
What deformity may be caused by an acromioclavicular dislocation with the distal end of the clavicle lying superior to the acromion process?
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What may an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint result in?
What may an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint result in?
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What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
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What may a forward head posture be associated with?
What may a forward head posture be associated with?
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What may a step deformity indicate?
What may a step deformity indicate?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for winging of the scapula during abduction and forward flexion?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for winging of the scapula during abduction and forward flexion?
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What is the most common congenital deformity of the shoulder complex?
What is the most common congenital deformity of the shoulder complex?
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Which nerve palsy can cause winging of the scapula at rest?
Which nerve palsy can cause winging of the scapula at rest?
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Which muscle should be checked for wasting in cases of winging of the scapula?
Which muscle should be checked for wasting in cases of winging of the scapula?
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What is the main cause of static winging of the scapula?
What is the main cause of static winging of the scapula?
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Which condition is characterized by a developmental deformity leading to a high or undescended scapula?
Which condition is characterized by a developmental deformity leading to a high or undescended scapula?
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What is the term used to describe the altered sequencing of muscle activation patterns and muscle performance and length that help stabilize the scapula along with inhibition due to pain?
What is the term used to describe the altered sequencing of muscle activation patterns and muscle performance and length that help stabilize the scapula along with inhibition due to pain?
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Which movement pattern of scapular dysfunction is characterized by the whole medial border of the scapula being prominent and lifting away from the posterior chest wall both statically and dynamically?
Which movement pattern of scapular dysfunction is characterized by the whole medial border of the scapula being prominent and lifting away from the posterior chest wall both statically and dynamically?
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What is the term used to describe the scapular movement pattern in which the superior border of the scapula is elevated at rest and during movement, with minimal winging and initiation of movement by a shoulder shrug?
What is the term used to describe the scapular movement pattern in which the superior border of the scapula is elevated at rest and during movement, with minimal winging and initiation of movement by a shoulder shrug?
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What is the term used to describe the scapular movement pattern in which both scapulae are symmetrical at rest and during motion, rotating symmetrically upward with the inferior angles rotating laterally away from midline?
What is the term used to describe the scapular movement pattern in which both scapulae are symmetrical at rest and during motion, rotating symmetrically upward with the inferior angles rotating laterally away from midline?
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What is the term used to describe scapular winging that is the result of muscle weakness of one of the scapular muscle stabilizers, disrupting the normal muscle force couple balance of the scapulothoracic complex?
What is the term used to describe scapular winging that is the result of muscle weakness of one of the scapular muscle stabilizers, disrupting the normal muscle force couple balance of the scapulothoracic complex?
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What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs because of pathology in the glenohumeral joint, altering the normal movement of the scapula?
What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs because of pathology in the glenohumeral joint, altering the normal movement of the scapula?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason why it is important to observe the patient as they undress and dress during a shoulder examination?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why it is important to observe the patient as they undress and dress during a shoulder examination?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential vasomotor change that may be observed in the hand during a shoulder examination?
Which of the following is NOT a potential vasomotor change that may be observed in the hand during a shoulder examination?
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Why is it important to assess the patient's ability to assume a 'neutral pelvis' position during a shoulder examination?
Why is it important to assess the patient's ability to assume a 'neutral pelvis' position during a shoulder examination?
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What percentage of the force of throwing is normally generated by the lower quadrant or kinetic chain?
What percentage of the force of throwing is normally generated by the lower quadrant or kinetic chain?
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Which of the following questions should be asked by the examiner related to the 'neutral pelvic' position during a shoulder examination?
Which of the following questions should be asked by the examiner related to the 'neutral pelvic' position during a shoulder examination?
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What can an abnormal pelvic position during a shoulder examination lead to?
What can an abnormal pelvic position during a shoulder examination lead to?
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Which muscle provides an origin for the rotator cuff muscles as well as the biceps and triceps muscles?
Which muscle provides an origin for the rotator cuff muscles as well as the biceps and triceps muscles?
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What is the term used to describe abnormal positions of the scapula such as tilting, winging, or dysrhythmia?
What is the term used to describe abnormal positions of the scapula such as tilting, winging, or dysrhythmia?
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What can atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus muscles indicate in the shoulder?
What can atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus muscles indicate in the shoulder?
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What may snapping or clunking sound during abduction and adduction of the shoulder indicate?
What may snapping or clunking sound during abduction and adduction of the shoulder indicate?
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Which of the following may indicate an acromioclavicular dislocation?
Which of the following may indicate an acromioclavicular dislocation?
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What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
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What may a flattening of the deltoid muscle area indicate?
What may a flattening of the deltoid muscle area indicate?
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What may an elevated dominant side indicate?
What may an elevated dominant side indicate?
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Which muscle is responsible for winging of the scapula during abduction and forward flexion?
Which muscle is responsible for winging of the scapula during abduction and forward flexion?
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Which condition is the most common congenital deformity of the shoulder complex?
Which condition is the most common congenital deformity of the shoulder complex?
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Which nerve palsy can cause winging of the scapula at rest?
Which nerve palsy can cause winging of the scapula at rest?
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Which muscles should be evaluated for wasting in cases of scapular winging?
Which muscles should be evaluated for wasting in cases of scapular winging?
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During a shoulder examination, the examiner should observe the patient as they undress and dress. Which of the following actions by the patient may indicate possible pathology in the affected arm?
During a shoulder examination, the examiner should observe the patient as they undress and dress. Which of the following actions by the patient may indicate possible pathology in the affected arm?
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What is the role of kinematics in a shoulder examination?
What is the role of kinematics in a shoulder examination?
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What is the importance of assessing the patient's ability to assume a 'neutral pelvis' position during a shoulder examination?
What is the importance of assessing the patient's ability to assume a 'neutral pelvis' position during a shoulder examination?
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What percentage of the force of throwing is normally generated by the lower quadrant or kinetic chain?
What percentage of the force of throwing is normally generated by the lower quadrant or kinetic chain?
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Which type of scapular dysfunction is characterized by the superior border of the scapula being elevated at rest and during movement, with minimal winging and initiation of movement by a shoulder shrug?
Which type of scapular dysfunction is characterized by the superior border of the scapula being elevated at rest and during movement, with minimal winging and initiation of movement by a shoulder shrug?
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What is the primary cause of Type II scapular dysfunction?
What is the primary cause of Type II scapular dysfunction?
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What is the main difference between primary scapular winging and secondary scapular winging?
What is the main difference between primary scapular winging and secondary scapular winging?
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What is the common cause of dynamic scapular winging with reverse scapulohumeral rhythm?
What is the common cause of dynamic scapular winging with reverse scapulohumeral rhythm?
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Which structures may cause a painful arc in the shoulder?
Which structures may cause a painful arc in the shoulder?
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What is the most common cause of a painful arc in the shoulder?
What is the most common cause of a painful arc in the shoulder?
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What is the range of abduction where the pinching of structures under the acromion process occurs, resulting in pain?
What is the range of abduction where the pinching of structures under the acromion process occurs, resulting in pain?
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What is the common pattern of pain during a painful arc in the shoulder?
What is the common pattern of pain during a painful arc in the shoulder?
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What is the movement that may decrease the pain during a painful arc in the shoulder?
What is the movement that may decrease the pain during a painful arc in the shoulder?
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What are the signs and symptoms of a painful arc in the shoulder?
What are the signs and symptoms of a painful arc in the shoulder?
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Which of the following is true about the examination of the shoulder?
Which of the following is true about the examination of the shoulder?
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Which motion of elevation is considered the most natural and functional?
Which motion of elevation is considered the most natural and functional?
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In which type of kinetic chain does the arm act as an open kinetic chain?
In which type of kinetic chain does the arm act as an open kinetic chain?
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What is the angle of elevation in scaption determined by?
What is the angle of elevation in scaption determined by?
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Which of the following is an example of scapular instability in a closed kinetic chain?
Which of the following is an example of scapular instability in a closed kinetic chain?
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What is the main advantage of elevation in scaption compared to elevation through abduction?
What is the main advantage of elevation in scaption compared to elevation through abduction?
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What is the range of scapular rotation in scaption elevation?
What is the range of scapular rotation in scaption elevation?
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In an open kinetic chain, when should the scapular muscles be working eccentrically?
In an open kinetic chain, when should the scapular muscles be working eccentrically?
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What is the range of humeral abduction in scaption elevation?
What is the range of humeral abduction in scaption elevation?
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What is the main function of the shoulder in the kinetic chain?
What is the main function of the shoulder in the kinetic chain?
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What is the normal range of active lateral rotation in the glenohumeral joint?
What is the normal range of active lateral rotation in the glenohumeral joint?
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Why is knowledge of muscle balance and force couples important in determining a diagnosis?
Why is knowledge of muscle balance and force couples important in determining a diagnosis?
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Which of the following is considered an open-kinetic-chain activity?
Which of the following is considered an open-kinetic-chain activity?
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What is the purpose of comparing one side of the body with the other during an assessment?
What is the purpose of comparing one side of the body with the other during an assessment?
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What is the term used to describe the combination of glenohumeral, scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular movements in shoulder movements?
What is the term used to describe the combination of glenohumeral, scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular movements in shoulder movements?
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What can compensatory scapular movement during active shoulder movements lead to?
What can compensatory scapular movement during active shoulder movements lead to?
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What is the term used to describe the premature excessive elevation or protraction of the scapula during arm lowering?
What is the term used to describe the premature excessive elevation or protraction of the scapula during arm lowering?
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How does a slouched (rounded shoulder) posture affect the range of motion at the shoulder?
How does a slouched (rounded shoulder) posture affect the range of motion at the shoulder?
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During phase 2 of scapulohumeral movement, the clavicle rotates posteriorly, retracts, and minimally elevates at the sternoclavicular joint. At the acromioclavicular joint, the clavicle tilts posteriorly and upwardly and rotates medially. How much motion is possible at the acromioclavicular joint during the rotation of the scapula?
During phase 2 of scapulohumeral movement, the clavicle rotates posteriorly, retracts, and minimally elevates at the sternoclavicular joint. At the acromioclavicular joint, the clavicle tilts posteriorly and upwardly and rotates medially. How much motion is possible at the acromioclavicular joint during the rotation of the scapula?
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During the final 90° of motion (third phase) of scapulohumeral movement, the scapula continues to rotate and begins to elevate. How much does the clavicle rotate posteriorly on a long axis during this stage?
During the final 90° of motion (third phase) of scapulohumeral movement, the scapula continues to rotate and begins to elevate. How much does the clavicle rotate posteriorly on a long axis during this stage?
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What is the maximum amount of elevation through abduction at the glenohumeral joint if the clavicle does not rotate and elevate?
What is the maximum amount of elevation through abduction at the glenohumeral joint if the clavicle does not rotate and elevate?
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In reverse scapulohumeral rhythm, which component of the shoulder complex moves more than the other?
In reverse scapulohumeral rhythm, which component of the shoulder complex moves more than the other?
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What is the normal range of active elevation through forward flexion?
What is the normal range of active elevation through forward flexion?
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What should the examiner observe during the last 30° of forward flexion elevation to ensure normal movement of the kinetic chain?
What should the examiner observe during the last 30° of forward flexion elevation to ensure normal movement of the kinetic chain?
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Which of the following is considered an open-kinetic-chain activity?
Which of the following is considered an open-kinetic-chain activity?
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What is the term used to describe the premature excessive elevation or protraction of the scapula during arm lowering?
What is the term used to describe the premature excessive elevation or protraction of the scapula during arm lowering?
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What is the range of active elevation through abduction in the shoulder?
What is the range of active elevation through abduction in the shoulder?
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What is the main cause of shoulder pain in individuals who use their shoulder excessively, especially with overhead movement?
What is the main cause of shoulder pain in individuals who use their shoulder excessively, especially with overhead movement?
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What is the term used to describe the slouched (rounded shoulder) posture with forward-head posture?
What is the term used to describe the slouched (rounded shoulder) posture with forward-head posture?
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Which of the following is a group of counteracting muscles that work together to produce smooth movement and joint control?
Which of the following is a group of counteracting muscles that work together to produce smooth movement and joint control?
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Which motion of elevation is considered the most natural and functional?
Which motion of elevation is considered the most natural and functional?
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What is the exact angle of elevation in scaption determined by?
What is the exact angle of elevation in scaption determined by?
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Which position of elevation is often less painful than elevation through abduction or forward flexion?
Which position of elevation is often less painful than elevation through abduction or forward flexion?
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Which plane of motion puts less stress on the capsule and surrounding musculature?
Which plane of motion puts less stress on the capsule and surrounding musculature?
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What is the range of total elevation in scaption?
What is the range of total elevation in scaption?
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What is the normal range of active lateral rotation in the shoulder?
What is the normal range of active lateral rotation in the shoulder?
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Which of the following is the most common cause of a painful arc in the shoulder?
Which of the following is the most common cause of a painful arc in the shoulder?
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During a painful arc in the shoulder, the pain is usually greater when?
During a painful arc in the shoulder, the pain is usually greater when?
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Which of the following tests is a strong indicator of a full-thickness rotator cuff tear?
Which of the following tests is a strong indicator of a full-thickness rotator cuff tear?
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Which joint is primarily affected in the second painful arc in the shoulder?
Which joint is primarily affected in the second painful arc in the shoulder?
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What is the ratio of movement between the humerus and scapula during 180° of abduction?
What is the ratio of movement between the humerus and scapula during 180° of abduction?
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What is the main function of the shoulder in the kinetic chain?
What is the main function of the shoulder in the kinetic chain?
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During phase 2 of scapulohumeral movement, how much motion is possible at the acromioclavicular joint during the rotation of the scapula?
During phase 2 of scapulohumeral movement, how much motion is possible at the acromioclavicular joint during the rotation of the scapula?
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What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs because of pathology in the glenohumeral joint, altering the normal movement of the scapula?
What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs because of pathology in the glenohumeral joint, altering the normal movement of the scapula?
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What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
What is the angle of torsion in the humeral head relative to the line joining the epicondyles?
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What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
What may a sulcus deformity indicate?
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What can cause inflammation of the paratenon in the shoulder?
What can cause inflammation of the paratenon in the shoulder?
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Which nerve may be injured as it passes through the suprascapular notch, leading to atrophy and paralysis of the supra- and infraspinatus muscles?
Which nerve may be injured as it passes through the suprascapular notch, leading to atrophy and paralysis of the supra- and infraspinatus muscles?
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Which of the following is true about the examination of the shoulder?
Which of the following is true about the examination of the shoulder?
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Which of the following is true about the arm and shoulder in relation to kinetic chains?
Which of the following is true about the arm and shoulder in relation to kinetic chains?
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Which of the following is an example of scapular instability with a closed kinetic chain?
Which of the following is an example of scapular instability with a closed kinetic chain?
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Which of the following is an example of scapular instability with an open kinetic chain?
Which of the following is an example of scapular instability with an open kinetic chain?
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What becomes the stable part and what becomes the mobile part in scapular instability with a closed kinetic chain?
What becomes the stable part and what becomes the mobile part in scapular instability with a closed kinetic chain?
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What becomes the base or origin of the muscles and what becomes more mobile in scapular instability with an open kinetic chain?
What becomes the base or origin of the muscles and what becomes more mobile in scapular instability with an open kinetic chain?
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Which of the following is a test that can be used to assess the glenohumeral joint's true medial and lateral rotation?
Which of the following is a test that can be used to assess the glenohumeral joint's true medial and lateral rotation?
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What does the presence of crepitus during rotation in 90° of abduction indicate?
What does the presence of crepitus during rotation in 90° of abduction indicate?
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What is GIRD?
What is GIRD?
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What is the normal range for GIRD?
What is the normal range for GIRD?
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What does a GIRD/GERG ratio greater than 1 indicate?
What does a GIRD/GERG ratio greater than 1 indicate?
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Which of the following movements involves the patient squeezing the shoulder blades together?
Which of the following movements involves the patient squeezing the shoulder blades together?
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Which muscle is responsible for scapular winging when weak or paralyzed?
Which muscle is responsible for scapular winging when weak or paralyzed?
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What may cause a clicking or snapping near the inferior angle or supramedial corner of the scapula?
What may cause a clicking or snapping near the inferior angle or supramedial corner of the scapula?
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Which joint may be affected if a patient experiences pain in the sternoclavicular joint during scapular protraction?
Which joint may be affected if a patient experiences pain in the sternoclavicular joint during scapular protraction?
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Which movement involves the patient trying to bring the shoulders together anteriorly?
Which movement involves the patient trying to bring the shoulders together anteriorly?
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Which muscle is responsible for scapular winging during abduction and forward flexion?
Which muscle is responsible for scapular winging during abduction and forward flexion?
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What is the main function of the subscapularis muscle?
What is the main function of the subscapularis muscle?
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Which nerve is responsible for paralysis of the deltoid and teres minor muscles, affecting abduction and lateral rotation of the shoulder?
Which nerve is responsible for paralysis of the deltoid and teres minor muscles, affecting abduction and lateral rotation of the shoulder?
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What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs due to injury to the long thoracic nerve?
What is the term used to describe scapular winging that occurs due to injury to the long thoracic nerve?
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