Shoulder Muscles Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

The ______ is responsible for abduction of the arm.

deltoid

The ______ rotates the arm laterally.

teres minor

The ______ retracts the scapula and elevates it.

rhomboid major

The ______ is located in the supraspinatus fossa of the scapula.

supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

The ______ medially rotates the arm.

subscapularis Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is responsible for adducting and medially rotating the humerus.

pectoralis major Signup and view all the answers

The ______ originates from ribs 3-5.

pectoralis minor Signup and view all the answers

The ______ adducts and medially rotates the arm.

teres major Signup and view all the answers

The ______ attaches to the medial border of the scapula.

rhomboid minor Signup and view all the answers

The ______ assists in flexing and adducting the arm.

Coracobrachialis Signup and view all the answers

The ______ originates from the inferior six thoracic vertebrae and the thoracolumbar fascia.

latissimus dorsi Signup and view all the answers

The short head of ______ originates from the coracoid process.

Biceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

______ flexes the forearm in all positions including pronation.

Brachialis Signup and view all the answers

The long head of ______ originates from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.

Triceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

The ______ muscle is responsible for extending the forearm.

Triceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is located at the distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus.

Brachialis Signup and view all the answers

______ is found at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and aids in extending the forearm.

Anconeous Signup and view all the answers

The ______ comes from the superior area of the radial groove on the humerus.

Lateral head of Triceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

The medial head of ______ is located on the posterior surface of the humerus.

Triceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

The ______ muscle flexes and supinates the arm.

Biceps Brachii Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Shoulder Muscles

Trapezius muscle has three sections (upper, middle, lower) with separate actions
- Upper Trapezius originates from the base of the skull and inserts on the lateral clavicle and acromion. It elevates, rotates, and extends the scapula.
- Middle Trapezius originates from the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae and inserts onto the scapular spine, and retracts the scapula.
- Lower Trapezius originates from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae and inserts onto the scapular spine. It depresses and rotates the scapula, and extends the neck.
Deltoid muscle has three sections (anterior, middle, and posterior), each responsible for different arm movements.
- The anterior deltoid originates from the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity, and flexes, medially rotates, and horizontally adducts the arm.
- The middle deltoid originates from the acromion and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity, and abducts the arm.
- The posterior deltoid originates from the scapular spine and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity, and extends, laterally rotates, and horizontally abducts the arm.
Teres Minor originates from the middle of the lateral scapular border and inserts on the inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus, laterally rotates and extends the arm.
Teres Major originates from the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts on the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus, adducts and medially rotates the arm.
Rhomboid Major originates from the spinous processes of T2-5 and inserts on the medial border of the scapula, and retracts (draws back) and elevates the scapula.
Rhomboid Minor originates from the spinous process of C7 and T1 and inserts on the medial border of the scapula, and retracts the scapula, rotating it downward.
Latissimus Dorsi originates from the inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, and inferior 3 and 4 ribs, and inserts on the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus, and extends, adducts (draws together), and medially rotates the arm.
Supraspinatus originates from the supraspinous fossa and inserts on the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. It abducts the arm (moves it away from the body).
Infraspinatus originates from the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts on the middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus, rotates the arm laterally.
Subscapularis originates from the subscapular fossa and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus, rotates the arm medially.
Pectoralis Major originates from the medial clavicle, sternum, and oblique aponeurosis, and inserts on the lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus, adducts and medially rotates the arm.
Pectoralis Minor originates from the 3-5 ribs and costal cartilages, and inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula, and depresses the scapula.

Arm and Forearm Muscles

Serratus Anterior Muscle is located on the sides of the chest,
- originates from the upper 8 or 9 ribs
- inserts on the anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
- Its action is to protract the scapula (draws it forward).
Coracobrachialis muscle lies on the medial side of the upper arm,
- originates from the tip of the coracoid process
- inserts on the middle third of the medial shaft of the humerus.
- and its action is to flex and adduct the arm.
Biceps Brachii muscle originates from two points:
- Short head: originates from the coracoid process of the scapula,
- long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula,
- and both heads insert on the tuberosity of the radius and fascia of the forearm.
- The biceps flexes and supinates the forearm and flexes the arm at the elbow.
Brachialis muscle is located on the front of the humerus,
- originates from the distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus.
- inserts on the coronoid process of the ulna and tuberosity of the ulna.
- Its action is to flex the forearm at the elbow in all positions, including pronation.
Triceps Brachii muscle has three heads and is the primary extensor of the forearm.
- Long head: originates from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula,
- Lateral head: originates from the posterior surface of the humerus, superior to the radial groove,
- Medial head: originates from the posterior surface of the humerus, inferior to the radial groove.
- All three heads insert onto the olecranon process of the ulna and the fascia of the forearm.
Anconeus muscle on the back of the elbow,
- originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
- inserts on the lateral part of the olecranon process of the ulna and the posterior surface of the ulna.
- It acts to extend the forearm.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of shoulder muscles, focusing on the trapezius and deltoid. Learn about the origins, insertions, and functions of each muscle section. This quiz is perfect for students of anatomy or fitness professionals looking to refresh their knowledge.