Shoulder Joint Muscle Actions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for flexion?

Clavicular head of pectoralis major, anterior fibers of deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii.

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for extension?

Teres major, latissimus dorsi, sternocostal head of pectoralis major, posterior fibers of deltoid.

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for abduction?

Supraspinatus, deltoid, upper and lower fibers of trapezius, lower 5 digitations of serratus anterior.

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for adduction?

<p>Pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for medial rotation?

<p>Pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, anterior fibers of deltoid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the muscle actions of the shoulder joint for lateral rotation?

<p>Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior fibers of deltoid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the contents of the axilla?

<p>Cords and branches of the brachial plexus, axillary vein, axillary artery and its branches, axillary lymph node.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

<p>Biceps brachii tendon, median nerve, radial nerve (deep branch), brachial artery (that divides into ulnar and radial arteries).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of shoulder ligaments?

<p>Coraco-humeral, transverse humeral, gleno-humeral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of bursae in the shoulder?

<p>Subscapularis bursa, infraspinatus bursa, subacromial bursa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the lateral cord nerves?

<p>Musculocutaneous nerve, lateral pectoral nerve, lateral root of median nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the medial cord nerves?

<p>Medial pectoral nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, ulnar nerve, medial root of median nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the posterior cord nerves?

<p>Upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve, radial nerve, axillary nerve, nerve to latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerves come from the roots?

<p>C5 nerve to rhomboids (dorsal scapular nerve), long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerves come from the upper trunk?

<p>Nerve to subclavius, suprascapular nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are three examples of nerve injuries and their consequences?

<p>Thoracic nerve injury: winged scapula. C5, C6 nerve injury: ERB’s paralysis. C8, T1 nerve injury: Klumpke paralysis or palsy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles are supplied by two nerves?

<p>Pectoralis major, brachialis, flexor digitorum profundus, subscapularis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the boundaries of the snuff box?

<p>Anterior: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis; Posterior: extensor pollicis longus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What articulations are present in the wrist?

<p>Above: distal end of the radius and articular disc; Below: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the wrist?

<p>Synovial ellipsoid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes carpal tunnel syndrome?

<p>Compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the manifestations of carpal tunnel syndrome?

<p>Burning pain, weakness or atrophy of the thenar muscles, inability to oppose the thumb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome?

<p>Making a longitudinal incision through the flexor retinaculum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles are included in the thenar muscles?

<p>Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles are included in the hypothenar muscles?

<p>Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the small muscles of the hand?

<p>Lumbricals (4), interossei palmar (4), interossei dorsal (5).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures pass superficial to the flexor retinaculum?

<p>Ulnar nerve, ulnar artery, palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve, palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve, palmaris longus tendon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures pass deep to the flexor retinaculum?

<p>Flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, median nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Shoulder Joint Muscle Actions

  • Flexion: Clavicular head of pectoralis major, Anterior fibers of deltoid, Coracobrachialis, Biceps Brachii
  • Extension: Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Sternocostal head of pectoralis major, Posterior fibers of deltoid
  • Abduction: Supraspinatus (initiation from 0-15°, Deltoid (15° - 90°), Raising the arm above the head (i.e. above 90°) takes place by lateral rotation of the scapula (done by upper & lower fibers of trapezius + lower 5 digitations of serratus anterior).
  • Adduction: Pectoralis major, Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Subscapularis
  • Medial Rotation: Pectoralis major, Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Subscapularis, Anterior fibers of deltoid
  • Lateral Rotation: Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Posterior fibers of deltoid

Axilla

  • Apex boundaries: Anterior (clavicle), Posterior (Upper border of Scapula), Medial (Outer border of first Rib)
  • Base walls: Anterior (Pectoralis Major &Minor, Subclavius Muscle, Clavi-pectoral fascia - PPSC), Posterior (Subscapularis, Latissimus dorsi, Teres Major muscle - SLT), Medial (Serratus anterior, Upper 4 ribs, Intercostal muscles - S4IM), Lateral (Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii - CB)
  • Contents: Cords and branches of brachial plexus, Axillary artery and its branches, Axillary vein, Axillary Lymph node

Cubital Fossa

  • Contents: Biceps brachii tendon, Median nerve, Radial nerve (deep branch), Brachial artery that divides into Ulnar & Radial arteries

Shoulder Ligaments

  • Types: Coraco humeral, Transverse humeral, Gleno humeral

Shoulder Bursa

  • Types: Subscapularis bursa, Infraspinatus bursa, Subacromial bursa

Brachial Plexus Nerves

  • Lateral Cord: Musculocutaneous nerve, Lateral pectoral nerve, Lateral root of median nerve
  • Medial Cord: Medial pectoral nerve, Medial root of median nerve, Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm, Medial cutaneous nerve of arm, Ulnar nerve
  • Posterior Cord: Upper subscapular nerve, Lower subscapular nerve, Nerve to latissmos dorsi (Thoracodorsal), Radial nerve, Axillary nerve

Nerve Injuries

  • Thoracic nerve injury: Winged scapula (paralysis of serratus anterior)
  • C5,6 nerve injury: ERB’s paralysis (muscle atrophy: shoulder, flexors of elbow, extensors of fingers, deformity: Policeman waiter tip paralysis)
  • C8,T1 nerve injury: Klumpke paralysis or palsy (Muscle atrophy: All the intrinsic muscles of the hand, Deformity: Claw hand)

Muscles Supplied by 2 Nerves

  • Pectoralis major
  • Brachialis
  • Flexor digitorum profunds
  • Subscapularis

Snuff-Box

  • Boundaries: Anterior (abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis), Posterior (extensor pollicis longus)
  • Contents: Radial artery, cephalic vein, Superficial branch of radial nerve

Wrist Joint

  • Articulations: Above (Distal end of the radius & articular disc), Below (scaphoid, lunate, triquetram)
  • Type: Synovial Ellipsoid

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

  • Cause: Compression of median nerve in the carpal tunnel
  • Manifestations: Burning pain, ‘pins & needles’, Weakness or atrophy of the thenar muscles, Inability to oppose the thumb
  • Treatment: Making a long tudinal incision through flexor retinaculum

Hand Muscles

  • Thenar: Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis, Opponens pollicis
  • Hypothenar: Abductor digitimin, Flexor digiti minimi, Opponens digit minimi
  • Small Muscles: Lumbricals (4), Interosseipalmar (4), Interossei dorsal (5)

Structures Superficial to Flexor Retinculum

  • Ulnar nerve
  • Ulnar artery
  • Palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
  • Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve
  • Palmaris longus tendon

Structures Deep to Flexor Retinculum

  • Flexordigitorum superficialis
  • Flexordigitorum profundus
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Median nerve

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Description

Test your knowledge on the muscle actions of the shoulder joint, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial, and lateral rotation. This quiz will also cover the anatomical boundaries of the axilla and how various muscles contribute to these movements. Ideal for students in anatomy or physiology courses.

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