Shoulder Complex Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the typical range of External Rotation (ER) for the shoulder complex?

0-70 degrees

0-120 degrees

0-180 degrees

0-90 degrees (correct)

Which of the following is considered a 'false joint' within the shoulder complex?

Acromioclavicular Joint

Glenohumeral Joint

Scapulothoracic Joint (correct)

Sternoclavicular Joint

What is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles (SITS) in the shoulder complex?

To maintain the humeral head in the glenoid fossa. (correct)

To stabilize the scapula.

To provide the greatest range of motion.

To facilitate flexion and extension.

Which bone of the shoulder complex is most commonly fractured?

Clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate ratio of Glenohumeral (GH) joint movement to Scapulothoracic (ST) joint movement, known as the Scapulohumeral Rhythm?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the middle two-thirds of the clavicle's orientation?

Convex anteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the Glenohumeral (GH) joint?

Synovial ball and socket Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mechanisms of injury (MOI) is the acronym FOOSH related to, regarding clavicle fractures?

Fall On Outstretched Hand Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what causes the medial fragment of a fractured clavicle to tilt superiorly?

Sternocleidomastoid muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using a figure-of-8 bandage for an incomplete clavicle fracture?

To facilitate shoulder retraction and decrease clavicular pressure Signup and view all the answers

The costoclavicular space is located between which two structures?

The clavicle and the first rib Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST common type of acromion process?

Curved Signup and view all the answers

Based on the content, what anatomical event causes a painful arc of movement between 60 and 120 degrees?

Narrowing of the space within the shoulder joint Signup and view all the answers

What action does the coracoacromial ligament primarily prevent?

Superior translation of the humerus Signup and view all the answers

What is the orientation of the acromion process relative to its anatomical placement?

Posterior, Lateral, Superior Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical landmark is NOT directly used to locate the subscapular fossa?

Spine of the scapula Signup and view all the answers

Damage to the radial nerve at the spiral groove of the humerus would primarily affect which muscle group?

Finger extensors and wrist extensors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures provides the only direct connection between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?

Sternoclavicular joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament primarily limits excessive depression of the distal end of the clavicle?

Interclavicular ligament Signup and view all the answers

During protraction and retraction at the sternoclavicular joint, which structure transforms to become part of the clavicle?

Sternoclavicular Disc Signup and view all the answers

Which motion at the sternoclavicular joint is primarily associated with long axial rotation?

Elevation of the clavicle beyond 90 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint classified as?

Saddle / Sellar Signup and view all the answers

If posterior rotation of the clavicle is restricted, what is the impact on shoulder elevation?

Shoulder elevation is only up to 110 degrees due to compensatory movements Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sternoclavicular disc?

Provide Shock absorption and act as a hinge in UE motion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles forms the lateral boundary of the quadrangular space?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

What nerve innervates the Serratus Anterior muscle?

Long Thoracic Nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a branch of the brachial plexus?

Femoral Nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the muscle innervated by the Thoracodorsal nerve?

Shoulder extension Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT involved in forming the posterior wall of the axilla?

Supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

The axillary nerve innervates which of the following muscles?

Deltoid and Teres Minor Signup and view all the answers

What structure passes through the triangular space?

Circumflex Scapular Artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is formed by a combination of the lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus?

Median Nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the scapulohumeral rhythm ratio between the glenohumeral joint and the scapulothoracic joint after 30 degrees of abduction?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

During phase III of the scapulohumeral rhythm, how many degrees of motion occur at the glenohumeral joint?

60 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the glenoid labrum in joint stability?

It creates a vacuum effect that stabilizes the joint. Signup and view all the answers

What type of force does the rotator cuff provide to assist with glenohumeral joint stabilization?

Negative translatory force Signup and view all the answers

Which is true regarding the role of the deltoids in shoulder abduction?

They require assistance from other structures for effective abduction. Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

Synovial Plane Joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament prevents superior translation of the distal clavicle?

Superior AC Ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the coracoclavicular ligaments?

Provide vertical stability to the shoulder Signup and view all the answers

What kind of movement does the acromioclavicular disc have during the first two years of life?

Fibrocartilaginous union Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the glenohumeral joint is true?

It is classified as a synovial ball and socket joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the acromioclavicular ligament?

To prevent inferior translation of the distal clavicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the acromioclavicular disc in individuals over two years old?

It serves as a fibrocartilaginous remnant that is meniscoid. Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is NOT a kinematic function of the acromioclavicular joint?

Internal rotation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Upper Extremity 1: Shoulder Complex

The shoulder complex is one of the most mobile joints in the body, capable of 180 degrees of motion.
Shoulder complex mobility is facilitated by six interacting areas (joints), including true joints (bone-to-bone articulation) and false joints (functional joints).
Key true joints include the sternoclavicular (SC), acromioclavicular (AC), and glenohumeral (GH) joints, the latter providing the most mobility.
The GH joint is a synovial ball-and-socket joint, offering significant mobility.
The SC joint connects the clavicle to the sternum, which is the only direct connection between the shoulder complex and the axial skeleton.
The AC joint links the clavicle to the acromion process of the scapula.
The GH joint, which contains the glenoid cavity, allows for a wide range of movement.
The false joints in the shoulder complex include the scapulothoracic joint where the scapula moves against the thoracic wall and the bicipital groove within the humerus.
The scapulothoracic joint is crucial as it allows the scapula to move, facilitating the range of motion of the shoulder complex and its associated muscles.
The bicipital groove is an important anatomical landmark and acts as a functional joint housing the tendon of the biceps muscle.
Good dynamic stability is essential. The rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor) keep the humeral head securely within the glenoid fossa during movement.
Less static/structural stability in the shoulder complex relies on dynamic control from its surrounding muscles.

Osseous Parts

The clavicle (collarbone) is a long, slender, S-shaped bone, horizontally positioned at the root of the neck.
It's commonly fractured due to a fall on an outstretched hand or shoulder.

Additional Notes

Falls on an outstretched hand/shoulder are the most frequent cause for clavicle fractures, especially in older adults.
During falls, the body reacts according to Newton's Third Law, with the direction/impact of the fall often leading to the injuries seen.

Other Considerations

Different imaging can be crucial when diagnosing shoulder injuries or other associated conditions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the shoulder complex anatomy with this quiz. Explore topics like external rotation range, joint types, and the functions of the rotator cuff muscles. Answer questions related to common injuries and anatomical features of the shoulder.