Shorter All-Oral Regimen for MDR-TB
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Questions and Answers

Which patients are eligible for a shorter all-oral regimen for multidrug- or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR TB)?

  • Patients with confirmed resistance to isoniazid
  • Patients with extensive pulmonary disease
  • Patients with confirmed fluoroquinolone-susceptible disease (correct)
  • Patients with a history of exposure to second-line drugs
  • What is the main toxicity associated with the novel regimen BPaL?

  • Peripheral neuropathy (correct)
  • Myelosuppression
  • Pulmonary disease
  • Drug-drug interactions
  • How long was the course of treatment with the BPaL regimen in the study?

  • 9 months
  • 3 months
  • 12 months
  • 6 months (correct)
  • What percentage of patients in the study achieved cure with the BPaL regimen?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of lobectomy or wedge resection in the treatment of tuberculosis?

    <p>To improve pulmonary reserve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of bedaquiline in the BPaL regimen?

    <p>To improve cure rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a criterion for offering a shorter all-oral regimen to patients with MDR/RR TB?

    <p>Availability of all drugs in the regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect of linezolid in the BPaL regimen?

    <p>Myelosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the shorter MDR-TB regimen?

    <p>To reduce treatment duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many patients were enrolled in the study of the BPaL regimen?

    <p>109</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug was approved by the FDA in August 2019 for the treatment of a population of patients with MDR-TB caused by a strain with additional resistance to a fluoroquinolone or a second-line injectable drug?

    <p>Pretomanid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the WHO suggest about the use of the new 6-9 month pretomanid regimen in late 2019?

    <p>It should not be used until more information is available on safety and efficacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug was used at a reduced daily dose and/or for a shorter period of time in a dose-blinded study reported in 2021?

    <p>Linezolid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the regimen being tested by the Global Alliance that is composed of bedaquiline, pretomanid, moxifloxacin, and pyrazinamide?

    <p>BPaMZ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a phase 2B trial, MDR-TB patients treated with the BPaMZ regimen became culture-negative within 8 weeks of treatment how many times faster than drug-sensitive TB patients treated with the standard regimen?

    <p>3 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of testing the BPaMZ regimen for both MDR-TB and drug-susceptible TB?

    <p>To reduce treatment duration to 2 months for MDR-TB and 4 months for drug-susceptible TB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the ideal setting for providing care to seriously ill MDR-TB patients?

    <p>Specialized centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should hospitalization be considered for MDR-TB patients?

    <p>When patients are in critical condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with significant reductions in mortality risk and AIDS-related events in HIV-associated TB patients?

    <p>Treatment of HIV-associated TB with anti-TB drugs and simultaneous use of ART</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reduction in mortality rates associated with early initiation of ART during anti-TB treatment?

    <p>34-68%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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