ACT 4 SCENE 1
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ACT 4 SCENE 1

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@Dr. K. Viswanath

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Questions and Answers

What is the first ingredient thrown into the cauldron?

  • Hedge-pig
  • Fenny snake
  • Dragon scale
  • Toad (correct)
  • What chant do the Witches repeat after listing the ingredients?

  • Hark, hark, spirits arise
  • Bubble, bubble, toil and trouble
  • Burn, burn, cauldron bubble
  • Double, double toil and trouble (correct)
  • Who commends the Witches for their work?

  • Macbeth
  • Hecate (correct)
  • The First Witch
  • The Third Witch
  • Which ingredient is mentioned as being from a 'blaspheming Jew'?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Hecate's role in this scene?

    <p>The Queen of the Witches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signifies that something wicked is approaching?

    <p>The pricking of a thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth call the Witches when he first encounters them?

    <p>Secret, black, and midnight hags</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What final ingredient do the Witches plan to add to the cauldron's contents?

    <p>Baboon's blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What warning does the First Apparition give to Macbeth?

    <p>Beware of Macduff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character is described as 'an armed Head'?

    <p>The First Apparition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Apparition tell Macbeth?

    <p>No man born of a woman shall harm him</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is given regarding Macbeth's downfall?

    <p>Birnam Wood must come to Dunsinane Hill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vision does Macbeth see at the end of the apparitions?

    <p>Six crowned kings with Banquo's ghost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth want to know about Banquo’s heirs?

    <p>If they will ever reign in his kingdom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Macbeth's reaction after seeing the apparitions?

    <p>He becomes fearful and paranoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'sow's blood' in the witch's spell?

    <p>It represents the sacrifice needed for knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does Macbeth plan against Macduff?

    <p>To surprise his castle and kill his family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What supernatural beings are present in the scene?

    <p>Witches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth say he will do before taking action regarding Macduff?

    <p>Make sure his plan is foolproof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth view the witches after their prophecy?

    <p>As deceivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the phrase 'live the lease of nature'?

    <p>To live for a limited time only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth accuse the air of after the witches vanish?

    <p>Being infected and cursed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action do the Witches perform around the cauldron?

    <p>They throw various ingredients into it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient is specifically mentioned as being used to cool the cauldron?

    <p>Baboon's blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Witch sense as something wicked approaches?

    <p>A prickling sensation in her thumbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the Witches refer to themselves as?

    <p>Midnight hags</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phrase do the Witches repeat as part of their chant?

    <p>Double, double toil and trouble.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hecate commend the Witches for?

    <p>Their hard work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Third Witch add to the cauldron that suggests darkness?

    <p>Root of hemlock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient is described as coming from a 'birth-strangled babe'?

    <p>Finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the First Apparition warn Macbeth to beware of?

    <p>Macduff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What quality does the Second Apparition advise Macbeth to embody?

    <p>Be bold and resolute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen for Macbeth to be vanquished, according to the Third Apparition?

    <p>Birnam Wood must come to Dunsinane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vision does Macbeth see that relates to Banquo?

    <p>A line of kings that looks like Banquo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth decide to do regarding Macduff after hearing the prophecies?

    <p>Surprise his castle and kill his family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element signifies that Macbeth is about to receive important information?

    <p>The occurrence of thunder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth respond after seeing the apparitions?

    <p>He doubts their truthfulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the phrase 'live the lease of nature' in Macbeth's words?

    <p>To live a long life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth mean when he says, 'Time, thou anticipatest my dread exploits'?

    <p>Time pushes him to act quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Lennox react to Macbeth's question about the witches?

    <p>He denies having seen them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the witches chant to encourage Macbeth to pay attention?

    <p>To listen and speak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives Macbeth's desire for action after hearing the prophecies?

    <p>Ambition for power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence does Macbeth foresee from ignoring the witches' prophecies?

    <p>Enduring eternal curse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What transformation does Macbeth undergo as he deals with the prophecies?

    <p>From hesitant to decisive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Witch indicate is coming as she feels a pricking in her thumbs?

    <p>Something wicked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ingredients suggests a link to darkness and malevolence in the witches' spell?

    <p>Liver of blaspheming Jew</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase best captures the atmosphere during the witches' chant around the cauldron?

    <p>Ominous ritual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reaction does Macbeth exhibit upon encountering the witches?

    <p>He acknowledges their power and curiosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the witches' chant, what is the primary purpose of the ritual they perform?

    <p>To create a powerful charm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character first issues the incantation that begins the witches' chant?

    <p>The First Witch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connection do the Witches make with the phrase 'Double, double toil and trouble'?

    <p>The complexity of their spell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hecate suggest to the witches after they finish their incantation?

    <p>To share the gains from their efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth mean by stating he will take 'a bond of fate'?

    <p>He will take decisive actions to control his destiny.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Third Apparition represent in Macbeth's vision?

    <p>The false security Macbeth feels due to his invulnerability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotion does Macbeth express upon seeing the apparitions?

    <p>A deep sense of dread and fear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth initially react to the warnings given by the First Apparition?

    <p>He thanks the apparition for its guidance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What underlying theme is present in Macbeth’s interactions with the apparitions?

    <p>The illusion of control over fate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does Macbeth intend to take against Macduff as indicated in the text?

    <p>Surprise and kill his family.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'be bloody, bold, and resolute' suggest for Macbeth's character?

    <p>He should embrace violence and decisiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth desire to know further about Banquo's lineage?

    <p>If they will one day rule over Scotland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ultimate realization does Macbeth come to regarding Birnam Wood?

    <p>It symbolizes his downfall when it moves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Macbeth curse the hour after the witches vanish?

    <p>He feels overwhelmed and fearful of the future.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of the Ghost of Banquo signify for Macbeth?

    <p>A representation of his guilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the repeated invocation to 'Show!' by the Witches imply about their power?

    <p>They control the fate of human characters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth feel about the prophecies regarding his future achievements?

    <p>Reassured about his uncontested power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Macbeth's attitude towards the potential threat posed by Macduff after hearing the prophecies?

    <p>He acknowledges Macduff as a significant danger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'double, double toil and trouble' imply about the witches' intentions?

    <p>It implies that the witches are concocting a spell that is both complex and dangerous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the atmosphere change when Macbeth enters the scene?

    <p>The atmosphere shifts to one of foreboding and anticipation as something wicked approaches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Hecate play in this scene with the Witches?

    <p>Hecate is the goddess of witchcraft who commends the Witches for their efforts and outlines their further plans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significance does the list of ingredients in the cauldron suggest about the witches' powers?

    <p>The grotesque ingredients symbolize the witches' capability to harness dark, unnatural forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Witch mean by 'By the pricking of my thumbs'?

    <p>It suggests that she senses an impending danger or significant event about to occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth mean when he calls the Witches 'secret, black, and midnight hags'?

    <p>He acknowledges their dark and mysterious nature, emphasizing their connection to evil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the imagery used in the cauldron scene contribute to the overall themes of the play?

    <p>The imagery of the cauldron and dark ingredients emphasizes themes of ambition, moral corruption, and the supernatural.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'a deed without a name' signify in relation to Macbeth's actions?

    <p>It signifies the immoral and nameless nature of the deeds he is contemplating, reflecting his guilt and ambition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth request from the witches when he first encounters them?

    <p>He asks to see them and commands them to reveal their prophecies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the First Apparition tell Macbeth to beware of?

    <p>It warns him to beware of Macduff, the thane of Fife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Second Apparition encourage Macbeth's confidence?

    <p>It tells him to be bloody, bold, and resolute, stating no man born of a woman will harm him.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Birnam Wood in the Third Apparition's message?

    <p>The apparition states that Macbeth will not be defeated until Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth react to the apparitions' prophecies about Banquo's heirs?

    <p>He is troubled and demands to know if Banquo's issue will ever reign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does Macbeth resolve to take against Macduff after learning he has fled?

    <p>He plans to surprise Macduff's castle and kill his wife and children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth mean when he states 'the flighty purpose never is o'ertook'?

    <p>He implies that he must act quickly on his intentions before they fade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Macbeth to become increasingly disturbed during the vision of the apparitions?

    <p>He is frightened by the line of kings that resemble Banquo and the ghost of Banquo smiling at him.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of the Witches and their chants suggest about the nature of power in the play?

    <p>It indicates that supernatural forces manipulate events and influence Macbeth's fate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Macbeth's state of mind after the Witches vanish?

    <p>He feels cursed and anxious, suspecting that the air is infected by their presence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth describe his relationship with time after hearing the prophecies?

    <p>He views time as anticipating his cruel plans and desires for immediate action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'come like shadows, so depart' suggest about the Witches' nature?

    <p>It implies that they exist in a realm beyond reality, embodying mystery and deception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the apparitions symbolize in relation to Macbeth's character development?

    <p>They symbolize Macbeth's ambition and the consequences of his unchecked desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What decision does Macbeth make regarding the witches' warnings?

    <p>He chooses to dismiss their advice, believing himself invulnerable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the phrase 'double, double toil and trouble' in the witches' chant?

    <p>It emphasizes the brewing chaos and ominous nature of their spell, foreshadowing trouble ahead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the ingredients listed by the witches reflect the themes of darkness and evil?

    <p>The grotesque and unnatural ingredients symbolize moral corruption and the disruptive forces of evil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the boiling cauldron represent in the context of the scene?

    <p>It symbolizes the chaotic and unpredictable nature of fate and the dark forces at work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Hecate's entrance influence the atmosphere of the witches' gathering?

    <p>Her entrance amplifies the authority and significance of the witches’ actions, indicating that their plans have greater implications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Witch's line 'By the pricking of my thumbs' foreshadow?

    <p>It foreshadows the arrival of Macbeth, whom she senses is wicked and a source of danger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the relationship between the witches and Macbeth based on his greeting?

    <p>Macbeth acknowledges their dark powers, indicating his reliance on them and growing alignment with evil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the song sung by the witches enhance the mood of the scene?

    <p>The song increases the mood of eeriness and mysticism, reinforcing their role as agents of chaos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the language used in the Witches' ingredients evoke a sense of horror?

    <p>The combination of grotesque and macabre elements in their ingredients elicits disgust and fear from the audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the armed head in the First Apparition's warning to Macbeth?

    <p>It symbolizes a specific threat, warning Macbeth to beware of Macduff, the Thane of Fife.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Apparition mean when it advises Macbeth to be 'bloody, bold, and resolute'?

    <p>It encourages Macbeth to adopt a ruthless and confident demeanor, suggesting that he should not fear any threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the metaphor of Birnam Wood coming to Dunsinane Hill as it relates to Macbeth's fate.

    <p>It signifies Macbeth's downfall, indicating that he will only be defeated when the seemingly impossible event of Birnam Wood moving occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth’s desire for assurance regarding Banquo’s heirs reveal about his character?

    <p>It shows his deep-seated insecurity and fear of losing power, indicative of his increasing paranoia and tyranny.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the appearance of the ghost of Banquo impact Macbeth’s mental state?

    <p>It exacerbates Macbeth's guilt and paranoia, leading him into further madness as he becomes increasingly haunted by his actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the role of the Witches in influencing Macbeth’s actions.

    <p>The Witches serve as catalysts for Macbeth's ambition, utilizing their prophecies to manipulate and provoke him into a tyrannical path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cauldron symbolize in the context of the Witches' ritual?

    <p>The cauldron represents chaos, malevolence, and the dark forces at play that fuel Macbeth's ambition and his moral decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Macbeth’s attitude towards action change after his encounter with the Witches?

    <p>He becomes more impulsive and decides to act swiftly on his dark desires, demonstrating an increasing willingness to commit violence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Macbeth mean by 'the very firstlings of my heart shall be the firstlings of my hand'?

    <p>He means that whatever he feels or decides in his heart will be executed immediately through action, without hesitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dramatic irony in Macbeth's belief about his invincibility against those born of woman?

    <p>The irony lies in the fact that Macbeth misinterprets this prophecy, ultimately leading to his downfall at the hands of Macduff, who was 'from his mother's womb untimely ripped'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Lennox's statement regarding Macduff fleeing to England imply about the political situation?

    <p>It indicates a growing dissent against Macbeth's rule and hints at potential rebellion and alliances forming against him.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Analyze the atmosphere created by the Witches' dance and chant as they vanish.

    <p>The atmosphere is one of foreboding and supernatural chaos, emphasizing their connection to dark forces and the uncertainty of fate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Hecate play in relation to the Witches and Macbeth?

    <p>Hecate serves as a figure of authority over the Witches, emphasizing their purpose to lead Macbeth to ruin through his own overconfidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the apparitions serve to mislead Macbeth regarding his fate?

    <p>They provide information that instills false confidence in his power, ultimately leading him to disregard real threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Witches' Brew

    • The witches are busy brewing a powerful potion in a cauldron.
    • They add a variety of ingredients to create a "hell-broth" intended for evil purposes.
    • Their ingredients include:
      • Toad venom
      • Fenny snake fillet
      • Newt's eye and frog's toe
      • Bat's wool and dog's tongue
      • Adder's fork and blind-worm sting
      • Lizard's leg and owlet's wing
      • Dragon's scale and wolf's tooth
      • Mummy, maw, and gulf of a salt-sea shark
      • Hemlock root dug in the dark
      • Liver of a blaspheming Jew
      • Goat's gall and yew slips
      • Silver from a solar eclipse
      • Turk's nose and Tartar's lips
      • Finger of a strangled infant
      • Tiger's chaudron (stomach)
      • Baboon's blood

    Hecate's Arrival

    • Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft, arrives and compliments the witches on their work.
    • She encourages them to continue their enchanting with a song and a ring of elves and fairies.

    Macbeth's Arrival

    • Macbeth arrives at the witches' cauldron and demands answers.
    • He asks the witches to reveal his future through their magic.

    Apparitions

    • The witches summon three apparitions:
      • First Apparition: A disembodied head that warns Macbeth to beware of Macduff.
      • Second Apparition: A bloody child who tells Macbeth that he will be safe from anyone not born of a woman.
      • Third Apparition: A crowned child holding a tree, who prophecies that Macbeth will be invincible until Birnam Wood moves to Dunsinane Hill.

    Banquo's Ghost

    • The witches also reveal a series of ghostly visions of eight future kings, the last of whom carries a glass showing more kings.
    • The ghosts are followed by Banquo’s ghost, which terrifies Macbeth.
    • This vision highlights the continuing power of Banquo’s legacy and the fulfillment of the witches’ prophecy regarding his descendants.

    Macbeth's Response

    • Macbeth is shaken but tries to remain strong, trying to rationalize the prophecies.
    • He is obsessed with consolidating his power and ensuring the prophecy about Banquo comes true.

    Macduff's Fate

    • Macbeth learns that Macduff has fled to England, making him even more determined to act decisively.
    • He decides to take immediate action against Macduff and his family.
    • He sets out to seize Fife and kill Macduff's family in a fit of rage and ambition.

    Witches' Brewing

    • The three witches meet in a cavern with a boiling cauldron.
    • They are preparing a magical potion with a range of grotesque ingredients.
    • The potion is meant to be a "charm of powerful trouble" and will be used for their own dark purposes.
    • Some of the ingredients include: toad venom, snake fillet, newt eye, frog toe, bat wool, dog tongue, adder's fork, blind-worm sting, lizard leg, owlet's wing, dragon scale, wolf tooth, witches' mummy, shark's maw, hemlock root, Jew's liver, goat's gall, yew slips, Turk's nose, Tartar's lips, a birth-strangled baby's finger, tiger's chaudron, and baboon's blood.
    • They chant "Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn and cauldron bubble" as they brew.

    Hecate's Arrival

    • Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft, arrives and praises the witches for their work.
    • She instructs them to sing a song to enchant what they are putting in the cauldron.
    • Hecate leaves before the witches meet Macbeth.

    Macbeth's Arrival

    • Macbeth arrives at the cavern and sees the witches brewing their potion.
    • The witches are wary of Macbeth and tell him they are doing "A deed without a name."
    • Macbeth demands to know more and conjures the witches to answer him.

    The Apparitions

    • The witches summon three apparitions to reveal Macbeth's future:
    • First apparition: An armed head, which warns Macbeth of the Thane of Fife (Macduff).
    • Second apparition: A bloody child, who tells Macbeth that he will not be harmed by any "man born of woman."
    • Third apparition: A crowned child with a tree in his hand, who tells Macbeth that he will not be defeated until Birnam Wood marches to Dunsinane Hill.

    Macbeth's Reactions

    • Macbeth is troubled by the apparitions' prophecies, particularly by the warning about Macduff and the reassurance that he will be safe from any man born of woman.
    • When the witches refuse to answer his question about Banquo's descendants, Macbeth becomes enraged and demands an answer.

    Banquo's Return

    • The cauldron sinks and a show of eight kings appears.
    • Each king wears a crown and represents a future king of Scotland.
    • Banquo's ghost follows the kings, which terrifies Macbeth.
    • Macbeth sees the future kings and the ghost of Banquo as confirmation of the witches' prophecies.
    • He realizes that Banquo's descendants will eventually seize the throne, which fills him with fear and anger.

    The Witches' Departure

    • The witches depart, leaving Macbeth in a state of confusion and madness.
    • Macbeth is determined to stop Macduff and his family from taking revenge.
    • Macbeth decides to surprise Macduff's castle, seize Fife, and kill his wife, children, and those who support him.

    Macbeth's Cruelty

    • Macbeth’s determination to destroy Macduff and his family demonstrates his growing cruelty and paranoia.
    • He is willing to commit terrible acts to secure his power.
    • This is fueled by his trust in the witches' prophecies, but also by his own ambition and fear.

    The Witches' Cauldron

    • The three Witches are present around a cauldron, throwing ingredients into it and chanting a spell.
    • The ingredients include venomous animals, body parts, and elements of nature.
    • The Witches chant "Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and cauldron bubble" repeatedly.
    • Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft, arrives and praises the Witches for their work.
    • Hecate instructs the Witches to enchant the cauldron and create a spectacle for Macbeth.
    • The Witches' chant suggests a brew meant for mischief or evil.

    Macbeth's Encounter with the Apparitions

    • Macbeth conjures the Witches to reveal the future.
    • The Witches conjure three Apparitions: an armed head, a bloody child, and a child crowned with a tree.
    • The first Apparition warns Macbeth to beware Macduff.
    • The second Apparition tells Macbeth that no one born of woman shall harm him.
    • The third Apparition reveals that Macbeth will not be vanquished until Birnam Wood moves to Dunsinane Hill.
    • These Apparitions foreshadow events and fuel Macbeth's ambition and paranoia.
    • Macbeth desires further knowledge about his fate, specifically Banquo's lineage.
    • The Witches refuse to reveal more, but Macbeth's demands lead to a final vision.

    The Final Vision

    • Eight Kings appear, representing Banquo's lineage, signifying their future rule.
    • Banquo's ghost, representing the fulfillment of the witches prophecy, appears, further confirming Macbeth's fears.
    • Macbeth's reaction is a mixture of terror, ambition, and disbelief.

    Macbeth's Determination

    • Macbeth is left shaken, questioning the meaning of the visions.
    • Macbeth confirms the Witches' power but vows not to be ruled by fear.
    • He immediately decides to act on the visions, announcing his plans to attack Macduff's castle and kill his family, fueled by paranoia and ambition.
    • Macbeth's decision to attack Macduff's family showcases his descent into a ruthless tyrant.

    Witches' Brew

    • The witches brew a potent potion in a cauldron.
    • They add a variety of bizarre ingredients, including:
      • Toad venom
      • Snake fillet
      • Newt eye
      • Frog toe
      • Bat wool
      • Dog tongue
      • Adder fork
      • Blind-worm sting
      • Lizard leg
      • Owl wing
      • Dragon scale
      • Wolf tooth
      • Mummy
      • Shark maw
      • Hemlock root
      • Jew liver
      • Goat gall
      • Yew slips
      • Turk nose
      • Tartar lips
      • Birth-strangled babe finger
      • Tiger chaudron
      • Baboon blood

    Hecate’s Appearance

    • Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft, arrives and praises the witches' work.
    • She instructs them to sing while they enchant the cauldron.

    Macbeth's Arrival

    • Macbeth enters, encountering the witches.
    • He demands to know what they are doing.
    • The witches respond with "A deed without a name," emphasizing their mysterious and powerful nature.
    • Macbeth pleads with them to answer his questions, even threatening them.

    Apparitions

    • Three apparitions appear to Macbeth:
      • First Apparition: an armed head, warns Macbeth to "Beware Macduff."
      • Second Apparition: a bloody child, tells Macbeth that "none of woman born shall harm Macbeth."
      • Third Apparition: a crowned child holding a tree, proclaims that Macbeth "shall never vanquish'd be until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill Shall come against him."

    Macbeth's Reactions

    • Macbeth reacts with fear and determination to the apparitions' prophecies.
    • He seeks further confirmation from the witches about Banquo's lineage ruling the kingdom.
    • When the witches refuse, Macbeth threatens them and demands an answer.

    Banquo’s Ghost

    • A procession of eight kings appears, with Banquo's ghost among them.
    • Macbeth is terrified by the sight of Banquo's ghost and the visions of future kings.

    Witches’ Departure

    • The witches perform a dance and vanish, leaving Macbeth alone.

    Macbeth's Decision

    • Macbeth, horrified by the apparitions and spurred by a sense of urgency, plans to attack Macduff's castle.
    • He expresses a desire to act swiftly and decisively, stating his intention to kill Macduff's family.
    • He vows to stop listening to the witches and act upon his own will.

    The Witches' Brew

    • The three witches gather around a boiling cauldron to prepare a potion
    • They throw various ingredients into the cauldron:
      • Toad, snake, frog, bat, dog, adder, worm, lizard, owl, dragon scale, wolf tooth, mummy, shark, hemlock, Jew’s liver, goat gall, yew, Turk’s nose, Tartar’s lips, babe’s finger, tiger chaudron, baboon blood
    • The witches chant a spell: "Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and cauldron bubble"
    • Hecate, the goddess of witchcraft descends and commends the witches
    • She joins them in a song: "Black spirits,"

    Macbeth’s Visions

    • Macbeth enters the witches’ cauldron surrounded by shadows
    • The witches call forth three apparitions:
      • An armed Head: warns Macbeth to beware of Macduff, thane of Fife
      • A bloody Child: urges Macbeth to be bold and resolute. He is told that no man born of woman can harm him
      • A Child crowned with a tree in his hand: assures Macbeth that he cannot be vanquished until Birnam wood marches to Dunsinane hill
    • Macbeth is filled with confidence and a sense of invincibility
    • The witches vanish and the apparitions are replaced by a vision of eight kings followed by the ghost of Banquo
    • Macbeth freaks out at the sight of the kings and Banquo, he’s convinced that Banquo's descendants will rule his kingdom
    • The witches vanish and Macbeth is left alone with Lennox
    • He is told that Macduff has fled to England

    Macbeth’s Fury and Revenge

    • Macbeth is furious and vengeful
    • He declares that he will seize upon Fife and kill Macduff’s family
    • He vows to act on his anger immediately and to show no mercy.

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    Description

    Explore the chilling scene from Shakespeare's 'Macbeth' where the witches concoct a powerful potion. Delve into the sinister ingredients they use and the arrival of Hecate. This quiz tests your knowledge of this iconic moment in the play.

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