Safavid Empire Part 2
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Questions and Answers

Shah Abbas's reforms included diminishing the military's influence and establishing two new armies exclusively loyal to him.

True (A)

Shah Abbas's reformed military groups consisted of armies of Indians and a force recruited from the Christian north and modeled after the Ottoman janissaries, equipped with advanced artillery.

False (B)

Shah Abbas deliberately excluded foreign experts from his government to ensure internal control and minimize external influence.

False (B)

Shah Abbas invited hundreds of Japanese artisans to Esfahan, yielding collaborative artwork influenced by Japanese aesthetics and Persian traditions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Due to strong international demand, carpet weaving evolved from a local craft into a major national industry.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shah Abbas created new armies that were primarily loyal to whom?

<p>Himself (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Shah Abbas's approach to corruption among government officials?

<p>Punished it severely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Shah Abbas do to convince European merchants his empire accepted different religions?

<p>Invited Christian religious orders into the empire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the direct result of Abbas bringing Christian religious orders into the empire?

<p>Europeans moved into the land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Shah Abbas build his new capital?

<p>Esfahan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Esfahan was renowned as a showplace for what?

<p>Artisans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The artwork resulting from the collaboration of Chinese and Safavid artists blended which ideas?

<p>Chinese and Persian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation occurred in carpet weaving due to international demand?

<p>It became a national industry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Shah Abbas's strategic approach to consolidating power?

<p>He diminished the influence of traditional power bases, such as the military, while cultivating new, loyal armies and a merit-based bureaucracy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Esfahan's design and construction under Shah Abbas considered innovative from a socio-political perspective?

<p>Because it was conceived as a symbol of centralized power and artistic collaboration, showcasing both Safavid and foreign talent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most significant long-term impact of the collaboration between Chinese and Safavid artists during Shah Abbas's reign?

<p>The creation of a unique syncretic art form that reflected both Chinese and Persian cultural identities and influenced subsequent artistic movements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary driver behind the transformation of Persian carpet weaving from a local craft to a major national industry?

<p>Strong international demand that stimulated mass production and commercialization of carpets. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Abbas's New Armies

Shah Abbas created two new armies loyal only to him, one Persian and one recruited from Christian north, modeled after Ottoman janissaries.

Military Modernization

Shah Abbas modernized his military by equipping his new armies with modern artillery.

Government Reforms

Shah Abbas reformed his government by punishing corruption severely and promoting competent, loyal officials.

Foreign Officials

Shah Abbas reformed his government by hiring foreigners from neighboring countries to fill positions.

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Religious Tolerance

To encourage commerce, Abbas brought Christian religious orders into the empire, increasing European presence.

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Esfahan

Esfahan was built by Shah Abbas and known for its beauty, showcasing work by Safavid and foreign artisans.

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Artistic Collaboration

Shah Abbas brought Chinese artisans to Esfahan, leading to art that mixed Chinese and Persian styles.

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Persian Carpets

High demand for Persian carpets transformed carpet weaving into a major national industry.

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Military Power Curb

Shah Abbas limited the power of the military to ensure loyalty to him.

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Anti-Corruption Measures

Shah Abbas severely punished corrupt officials and promoted those who showed competence and loyalty.

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European Immigration

The movement of Europeans into the land was related to Abbas's tolerance.

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Economic Growth

Tolerance led to industry, trade, and art exchanges between the Safavid Empire and European nations.

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Esfahan showcase

Esfahan was a showplace for Safavid and foreigner artisans.

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Safavid Art

Chinese and Safavid artists made metalwork, paintings, calligraphy, glasswork, tile work, and pottery.

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Artistic Style

The collaboration of artwork blended Chinese and Persian ideas.

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Loyal Armies

Shah Abbas created two new armies: one of Persians, and one recruited from the Christian north, both loyal only to him.

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Artillery Upgrade

Shah Abbas modernized the military by providing modern artillery to his new armies.

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Government Efficiency

Shah Abbas reformed his government by severely punishing corruption, ensuring only competent and loyal officials held positions.

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Foreign Talent

Shah Abbas hired foreigners from neighboring countries to fill positions in the government.

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Religious Hospitality

To convince European merchants of his empire's religious tolerance, Abbas brought in Christian religious orders.

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Esfahan's Beauty

Esfahan was built by Shah Abbas and was a showplace for both foreign and Safavid artisans.

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Artwork Produced

Chinese and Safavid artists produced detailed and intricate metalwork, miniature paintings, calligraphy, glasswork, tile work and pottery

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Study Notes

Okay, here are the updated study notes, incorporating all the information from the text provided.

  • Shah Abbas reformed both military and civilian life aspects.
  • Abbas limited the military's power.
  • Abbas created two new armies that were only loyal to him.
  • These armies were equipped with modern artillery.
  • One new army consisted of Persians.
  • The other consisted of recruits from the Christian north, modeled after the Ottoman janissaries.

Reforms in Civilian Life

  • Abbas punished corruption severely.
  • Abbas promoted officials based on competence and loyalty.
  • Foreigners from neighboring countries were hired to fill government positions.
  • Abbas brought members of Christian religious orders into the empire, resulting in Europeans immigrating.
  • Industry, trade, and art exchanges grew between the empire and European nations to convince European merchants that his empire was tolerant of other religions.

A New Capital

  • The Shah built a new capital at Esfahan which was considered a beautiful city.
  • Many artisans, both foreign and Safavid, worked on the buildings and objects in Esfahan.

Art Works

  • Shah Abbas brought hundreds of Chinese artisans to Esfahan.
  • Artists produced intricate metalwork, miniature paintings, calligraphy, glasswork, tile work, and pottery.
  • A collaboration gave rise to artwork that blended Chinese and Persian ideas.

Persian Carpets

  • The demand for Persian carpets influenced the Safavids.
  • Carpet weaving changed from a local craft to a national one because of increased demand.
  • The carpets reflected traditional Persian themes in the beginning.
  • As the empire became more culturally blended, the designs incorporated new themes into the carpets.

The Dynasty Declines

  • Shah Abbas killed or blinded his ablest sons when choosing a successor, repeating a mistake of Ottoman monarch Suleyman.
  • Abbas's incompetent grandson, Safi, succeeded him.
  • Safi led the Safavids down the same road to decline that the Ottomans had taken, however the Safavids declined faster.
  • Cultural blending and conquest led to the growth of a new empire in India.

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Shah Abbas reformed the military by creating armies loyal only to him and modernizing artillery. He also reformed civilian life by punishing corruption and hiring based on competence. The capital was moved to Esfahan, which became a center for art and trade.

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