Sex, Gender and Impact on Health

• Presentation is about, Sex, Gender and Impact on Health given by Asst. Prof. Tülay KAVLAK
• The presentation will cover sex, gender, gender identity, healthy sexual intercourse, and sexual health problems.

Sex

• Sex refers to the biological characteristics that define males and females, including anatomical, physical, and genetic attributes.
• It involves the type of genital organs.
• Key hormones is estrogen for females and testosterone for males
• The ability to produce sperm or ovum, and the ability to give birth and breastfeed are key for sex
• Sex can refer to sexual activity that includes intercourse.

Gender

• Gender is a social concept, not based on biological differences.
• Gender concerns how society perceives individuals and expects them to behave as men and women.
• Gender involves roles are socially and culturally defined attitudes, behaviors, expectations, and responsibilities for men and women.
• Gender is about accepted norms for women and men in society.
• "Typically" feminine and masculine traits/abilities as well as societal expectations for behavior are key for gender
• Thoughts and expectations regarding gender are learned from various sources like family, friends, institutions, media, and advertising.
• Gender influences the different roles and the social, economic, and political power of women and men in society.

Gender and Sexuality

• When girls are raised, they aren't taught to be interested in sexuality, and may also avoid expressing themselves to men
• Women do not refuse intercourse when they are not sufficiently stimulated at times
• Taking more active attitudes to increase pleasure is avoided
• The idea of a woman must maintain her virginity until marriage still exists in some places which is tied to honor killings
• Sexual freedom for men is more accepted in certain cultures
• Men's infidelity is seen as just having an affair, however, women's infidelity is seen as "The Greatest Sin" and may be tied to Honor Killings

Gender Differences

• Significant gender differences in sexual behavior and attitudes were found in a study conducted
• According to girls, boys are mostly not virgins
• The age of first sexual intercourse is earlier in boys than in girls
• Girls often experience sexual health problems more than boys

Gender Identity

• Gender identity is the perception and acceptance of one's body and self within a certain sexuality.
• It involves showing orientations in feelings and behaviors
• Identity is the acceptance of the sex to which the individual belongs
• One also accepts the behavior of their own body and self in accordance with their perceptions around sexuality

Gender Identity Development

• During spiritual development, a child establishes identifications
• Children take on adult people as a model, and in a narrow sense his parents
• They imitate their behaviors, absorbs them and makes them one's own characteristics
• Identity is formed by integrating identities in childhood and adopting the values of the groups of friends in youth
• Identity can be found and settled in the self by integrating characteristics gained from people in childhood
• Gender Identity is an important component of identity
• Sexual behaviors and sexual orientation as well as acceptance of person being a male or female are important biologically, socially and psychologically for sexual identity

Gender Identity Issues

• An individual who identifies as "I am a man, I am a woman" does not have gender identity issues
• Gender identity develops through influence family, peers, teachers, and cultural factors.

Sexual Orientation

• It is the gender to which their sexual impulse is directed, that is, what sexual desire is felt
• Key orientations include Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Transsexual, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, Ally, Asexual, and Pansexual
• Sexual orientation is a characteristic defined by the gender that a person is sexually and emotionally attracted to
• Important aspects include Expression, Identity, Sex, orientation and biological sex

Sexual Orientation Defined

• Heterosexual: A person is sexually and emotionally attracted to the opposite sex.
• Homosexual: A person is sexually and emotionally attracted to their own gender
• Bisexual: A person is sexually and emotionally attracted to both sexes
• Transgender: A person believes they should change his gender, both mentally and physically

Key Considerations for Sex Orientation

• Heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual men are all male biologically and in gender Identity
• In the same way, heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual women have a female bodily gender and gender Identity
• Gay men typically do not feel like women, and gay women do not feel like men

Forming Sex Orientation

• How a sexual orientation is formed isn't known
• The question of why a heterosexual man likes a woman cannot be answered, nor is it known how it is formed in other sexual orientations
• Generally accepted explanations are in the form of environmental factors on a complex genetic basis
• Whether people are born with it or not isn't known, and people do not make a choice between one orientation or another
• One is not heterosexual because one want to be heterosexual, not does one decide to become gay
• Sexual experiments do not indicate sexual orientation

Sexual Experiences

• One may have sexual experiences with various people for survival reasons, or exerting money, and not due to sexual orientation
• These experiences may even be for reasons contrary for thier sexual orientation, but have done it due to various social rules

Sexual Behavior

• Sexual behaviors refer to activities related to a person's sexuality
• Touching, kissing, and stimulation of the body are examples
• Activities or habits that are constantly performed as an expression of sexuality becomes sexual experiences
• Sexual behaviors and experiences are what sex one does with themselves and other people
• The concept of sexuality becomes final during adolescence
• After puberty, the sexual characteristics of the individual don't change easily
• Curiosity and fantasizing give way to different sexual experiences as one grows

Sexual Intimacy

• Involves kissing, touching, chatting, hugging, caressing
• Reading love stories, telling jokes, being happy and fantasizing all contribute
• Just staring can be considered a sexual experience

Intercourse

• Intimate behaviors involved in oral, anal and penile vaginal activities
• One needs to be careful about their health with consent

Healthy Sex

• Built on shared values with the key characteristics of compromise
• Honest and non-exploitative relationships
• Wishing to enjoy each other that is protective against unwanted pregnancy and transmitted diseases is key for healthy sexual relationships
• Sexually healthy adults know their bodies
• They can take responsibility for their own behavior and communicate with respect
• They express love and sincerity consistently with their own values

Healthy Sex Life

• Psychological, biological and sociocultural point of views matter
• When an individual experiences a sexual problem, these variables are key

Factors in any Sex Life

• People express sexuality differently
• Each individual has acceptance for different values and belief's about sexuality
• Sexual life needs to be free from coercion or exploitation
• The acts should be sincere and based on mutual trust and respect

Children and Sex

• All children need love and protection regardless or gender
• All sexual decisions have effects and consequences
• It is a humans right to male a decision
• It is beneficial for families to share the correct values and information

Growing Up And Sex

• To explore is natural throughout the sexual maturity process
• Actions shouldn't be without involved risks
• Young people can find information and treatment at various health centers
• One must be responsible and have self-control

Sexual Guidelines

• Postponing is good for preventing unwanted pregnancies
• Young people also develop values about what actions should be taken

Different Sex Based Morbidity

• The complex relationship of biological and social relationships is effective in determining human health
• Health issues and differences occur with gender
• Women live longer, and experience more illness, but men may be more vulnerable for STDs

Important Statistic

• 1 in 3 people experience at least 1 sexual dysfunction
• Negativities for health occur because of gender
• Women deal with higher morbidity rates cause they live longer
• Deteroriaton of health happens during old age for both genders.
• Women in old age make up the majority of the majority with high risks of disease
• Women are more likely to deal with reproductive health problems
• Both men and women at risk for gender-specific diseases
• Women are at risk for cancer
• Men are risk for Prostate and test cancer

Factors in Health

• Negativities for women and "gender" affects society, depending on the severity, women are most affected
• Reproductive health can cause Adult Problems, adolescent, and other factors with childhood negativities for a girl child
• Gender Selections and abortions can occur as well with genetic multilations
• Other challenges include neglect and infections

Adolescence Period

• Societal pressure often arises
• Sex trafficking can occur as well as sexual harrassment
• Violence also causes problems

Adulthood

• Pregnancy , labour, and intentional abortions can occur
• Sex trafficking, and harassment are key
• Key factors are malnutrion and maternal mortality for the 15-49 age gap

Old Age

• Neglected health problems happen and encountered problems aren't associated with a gender
• Reproductivive problems and Cardio can occur

Frequencies with sexual problems

• Prohibtion of sex exists
• Lack of education as well as for caring for virginity

Observed Occurances

• Premature Ejactulation can occur because of poor experience
• Organsmic dfficulties happen

Key problems

• Lack of sexual Education
• Belifs in sexual Life
• Diseases happen and contribute

Education

• Knowledge can cause detereotation of relationship
• Education must be present always
• Rigid prohibitions must be taken into accout
• Society must show third opinions
• Stress causes problems as well