Seven Years War Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Seven Years' War?

The first global war, also known as the French and Indian War, spanned from 1756-63 and was fought in Europe, India, America, and on the seas.

What countries were allied during the Seven Years' War?

Britain, Prussia, and Hanover were allied against France, Austria, Sweden, Saxony, Russia, and later Spain.

What were the causes of the Seven Years' War?

The war was mainly caused by the antipathy between Britain and France, along with hostility between Prussia and Austria.

Who appeared to be winning the war until 1758?

The French were winning due to support from the Canadian military and Indigenous Peoples. Signup and view all the answers

What were some relevant events that occurred in North America prior to the Seven Years' War?

In 1754, antagonism began between the French and British in the Ohio Valley, with the French winning initial skirmishes but the British succeeding in capturing Fort Beauséjour in 1755. Signup and view all the answers

In the early years of the war, what forts did the French capture?

The French captured Fort Oswego and Fort William Henry. Signup and view all the answers

Who took control of Louisbourg in 1758, and what events followed?

The British seized Louisbourg in 1758, which gave them access to the St. Lawrence River and led to their victories in subsequent battles. Signup and view all the answers

What happened after the Battle of the Plains of Abraham? Did the French make any efforts to retaliate?

After the battle, Montcalm died and the Chevalier de Lévis took over but lost control of Quebec after British reinforcements arrived. Signup and view all the answers

How important was the British Navy in the Seven Years' War?

The British Navy was pivotal in protecting colonies, acquiring key locations like Louisbourg, and preventing invasion. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Paris?

The Treaty of Paris ended the Seven Years' War on February 10th, 1763, stopping conflicts between Britain and France and giving Britain control over New France. Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Seven Years' War important?

The war shaped Canada's bicultural values, reduced French involvement in North America, and played a critical role in the American Revolution. Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Seven Years' War have on the Indigenous Peoples of Canada?

Indigenous Peoples largely fought alongside the French, but the British created the Royal Proclamation of 1763, establishing reserves and giving them land rights. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of the Seven Years' War

First global conflict, lasting from 1756 to 1763, known as the Seven Years' War or the French and Indian War.
Battles fought across Europe, India, America, and at sea.

Alliances Involved

Major conflict between Britain and France led to the formation of two alliances.
Britain allied with Prussia and Hanover.
France aligned with Austria, Sweden, Saxony, Russia, and later Spain.

Causes of the War

Rooted antipathy between Britain and France, focusing on imperial and economic competition.
Tensions also existed between Prussia and Austria, contributing to the broader conflict.
Britain aimed to diminish France as an economic rival, while engaging in overseas attacks on French colonies.

Early War Developments

France initially gained the upper hand, benefiting from support in Canada and from Indigenous Peoples until 1758.
British capture of Louisbourg marked a turning point, leading to victories in Quebec City and Montreal.

Pre-War Conflicts in North America

Antagonism between French and British began in 1754 over Ohio Valley territory.
Notable British success included the capture of Fort Beauséjour in 1755.

French Gains in Early 1756

French forces under Marquis de Montcalm captured British Fort Oswego, securing Great Lakes control.
French also captured Fort William Henry.

British Capture of Louisbourg

Louisbourg fell to British forces in summer 1758, granting access to the St. Lawrence River.
British victories began to dominate following this critical event.

Aftermath of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham

Montcalm's death post-battle led to Chevalier de Lévis taking command.
Lévis briefly retook Quebec in spring 1760 before British reinforcements reversed this.

Role of the British Navy

Crucial in protecting colonies and securing victories at Louisbourg and Quebec.
Prevented potential invasions from Spain and France.

Outcome: Treaty of Paris

Officially ended the Seven Years' War on February 10, 1763.
Resulted in Britain gaining control over New France.

Significance of the War

Treaty reshaped Canadian identity with the establishment of bicultural values.
Reduced French influence allowed colonists to recognize their military independence, setting the stage for the American Revolution and influencing Canadian Confederation.

Impact on Indigenous Peoples

Most Indigenous Peoples sided with France during the war.
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 established reserves for Indigenous Peoples, giving them autonomy over unsold lands.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the Seven Years' War, a significant global conflict from 1756-1763. This quiz covers key terms, allied nations, and the war's impact in various regions including Europe, India, and America.