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Questions and Answers
What is the term coined by Aristotle to describe the pinnacle of happiness attainable by humans?
What is the term coined by Aristotle to describe the pinnacle of happiness attainable by humans?
According to Mendel, how are traits passed from parents to offspring?
According to Mendel, how are traits passed from parents to offspring?
What component does human flourishing arise from, according to the text?
What component does human flourishing arise from, according to the text?
Which ancient Greek belief focused on acquiring specific qualities to bring happiness and partake in greater 'Good'?
Which ancient Greek belief focused on acquiring specific qualities to bring happiness and partake in greater 'Good'?
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What concept did Aristotle emphasize in human flourishing that involves individuals working towards common goals?
What concept did Aristotle emphasize in human flourishing that involves individuals working towards common goals?
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What does the term 'Phronesis' mean?
What does the term 'Phronesis' mean?
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Who should be held responsible in the case mentioned above?
Who should be held responsible in the case mentioned above?
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Which ancient civilization developed technologies such as hydraulic systems and a number system?
Which ancient civilization developed technologies such as hydraulic systems and a number system?
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Which ancient civilization independently developed the concept of zero before the Romans?
Which ancient civilization independently developed the concept of zero before the Romans?
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What did the Maya Civilization use their advanced knowledge of celestial bodies for?
What did the Maya Civilization use their advanced knowledge of celestial bodies for?
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Which ancient civilization developed a calendar with 12 months to mark religious festivals and prepare for planting season?
Which ancient civilization developed a calendar with 12 months to mark religious festivals and prepare for planting season?
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What type of buildings were created by the Inca Civilization that could withstand earthquakes and other disasters?
What type of buildings were created by the Inca Civilization that could withstand earthquakes and other disasters?
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What is the main characteristic of a service robot?
What is the main characteristic of a service robot?
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According to Isaac Asimov's Laws of Robotics, what is the first law that a robot must follow?
According to Isaac Asimov's Laws of Robotics, what is the first law that a robot must follow?
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What type of robot is used for noncommercial tasks by laypersons?
What type of robot is used for noncommercial tasks by laypersons?
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What raises ethical questions about safety and responsibility in robotics?
What raises ethical questions about safety and responsibility in robotics?
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What action should a robot take according to Isaac Asimov's Second Law of Robotics?
What action should a robot take according to Isaac Asimov's Second Law of Robotics?
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What distinguishes personal service robots from professional service robots?
What distinguishes personal service robots from professional service robots?
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Study Notes
Science, Technology, and Society
- The concept of human flourishing, also known as Eudaimonia, was coined by Aristotle to describe the pinnacle of happiness that is attainable by humans.
- It arises from a combination of factors such as phronesis, friendship, wealth, and power.
- In ancient Greece, acquiring these qualities was believed to bring happiness and allow individuals to partake in greater "good".
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment
- This law states that traits are passed independently of other traits from parents to offspring.
- Every living thing has traits that are passed from parents to offspring through gene transmission.
- Genes are located in chromosomes and consist of DNA, which is passed to the offspring through reproduction.
Genetic Theory
- The principle of biology states that traits are passed from parents to offspring through gene transmission.
- Mendel's Law of Segregation and Independent Assortment are fundamental principles of genetics.
Cradles of Early Science Development
- Mesoamerica includes the entire area of Central America from Southern Mexico to the border of South America.
- The Maya Civilization lasted for approximately 2,000 years and was known for its advanced knowledge of astronomy and mathematics.
- The Maya developed technologies such as hydraulic systems with sophisticated waterways and created a number system that included the concept of zero.
The Inca Civilization
- The Inca Civilization flourished in ancient Peru between 1400 and 1533 CE and developed scientific ideas and tools such as:
- Roads paved with stones
- Stone buildings that could withstand earthquakes and other disasters
- Irrigation systems and techniques for storing water for crops
- A calendar with 12 months to mark religious festivals and prepare for planting season
- The first suspension bridge
Robotics
- A service robot is a robot that performs useful tasks for humans or equipment, excluding industrial automation applications.
- Types of service robots include:
- Personal service robots for non-commercial tasks
- Professional service robots for commercial tasks
- The Laws of Robotics, as outlined by Isaac Asimov, include:
- Law One: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
- Law Two: A robot must obey the orders given by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
- Law Three: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Robotics
- Robots raise ethical questions about safety and responsibility, such as who is to blame if a robot harms someone.
- The potential future ethical dilemma of robots having emotions as technology advances is also a concern.
- Another problem is when the machine develops the ability to think for itself, leading to questions about autonomy and responsibility.
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Description
Test your knowledge about service robots and autonomy with this quiz. Learn about the different types of service robots and their applications in performing tasks for humans. Explore the concept of autonomy in robots and how it enables them to operate without constant human intervention.
