Serotonin and Mood Disorders

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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

Central nervous system

Somatic nervous system

Autonomic nervous system

Peripheral nervous system (correct)

What is the role of acetylcholine in the central nervous system?

Initiation of REM sleep (correct)

Coordination of skeletal muscle contraction

Planning of movement

Regulation of heart rate

Which receptors are stimulated by nicotine and blocked by curare?

Muscarinic acetylcholine metabotropic receptors

Serotonin receptors

Dopamine receptors

Nicotinic acetylcholine ionotropic receptors (correct)

Which neurotransmitter is synthesized from L-DOPA?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

Which dopamine system plays a major role in movement, particularly in the initiation of voluntary movements?

Nigrostriatal system Signup and view all the answers

Which dopamine system is involved in reward and reinforcement?

Mesolimbic system Signup and view all the answers

Which dopamine system plays a role in high-level cognitive processes such as attention and working memory?

Mesocortical system Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter?

GABA Signup and view all the answers

What happens when there is too much glutamate in the brain?

Seizures, excitotoxicity, and brain death Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors control a sodium (Na+) channel?

AMPA receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NMDA receptors in increasing synaptic connection strength?

They let in Cu+ ions that build new AMPA receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Long-Term Depression (LTD)?

LTD weakens synaptic strength Signup and view all the answers

What happens when knowledge learned in a semester is not regularly used?

Synaptic strength weakens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about benzodiazepines (benzos)?

Benzos act as an indirect agonist of GABA Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person addicted to inhibitory drugs such as benzos stops taking them?

Withdrawal symptoms occur due to imbalanced neurotransmitter levels Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for mood regulation in the brain?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants selectively agonizes serotonin and is as effective as tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, but with fewer side effects?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

Which drug inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing the availability of serotonin in the synapses?

Fluoxetine Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants non-selectively agonizes the entire monoamine family, including serotonin, and has a high effectiveness equal to modern antidepressants but with more side effects?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about dopaminergic drugs and their effects on Parkinson's disease patients?

Dopaminergic drugs cause strange behaviors such as pleasure-seeking, cognitive problems, and psychosis in Parkinson's disease patients. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the effect of dopamine agonists on the nigrostriatal system?

Dopamine agonists cause hyperactivity by overstimulating the nigrostriatal system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a dopamine antagonist used in the treatment of schizophrenia?

Chlorpromazine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the role of norepinephrine and epinephrine?

Norepinephrine and epinephrine act as neurotransmitters in the brain and hormones in the body. Signup and view all the answers