Serotonin and Facial Expression Processing Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of an affective disorder mentioned in the text?

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Schizophrenia
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (correct)
  • Parkinson's disease

Which of the following effects does decreasing serotonin levels with ATD have on emotional recognition?

  • Enhances recognition of fear and happiness
  • Improves recognition of all emotions
  • Impairs recognition of fear and happiness (correct)
  • Has no effect on emotional recognition

What effect does increasing serotonergic activity have on mood according to the text?

  • Has no effect on mood
  • Increases positive subjective mood reports (correct)
  • Decreases positive mood reports
  • Increases negative mood and irritability

What effect does ATD have on memory performance according to the text?

<p>Impairs memory for emotionally neutral and positive stimuli only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as an example of an affective disorder?

<p>Schizophrenia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does ATD have on mood in normal subjects according to the text?

<p>Decreases positive mood and increases irritability and aggressiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter deficiency has been hypothesized as a factor in both mania and depression?

<p>Serotonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressant medication enhances norepinephrine or dopamine function?

<p>MAOI (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common drug treatment for major depressive illnesses?

<p>SSRIs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter's enhanced function is associated with anticonvulsants?

<p>GABA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a delayed onset of action for SSRIs as antidepressants?

<p>Gradual desensitization of 5-HT1A autoreceptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter's deficiency may contribute to mood instability according to the text?

<p>GABA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 5-HIAA and depression?

<p>5-HIAA is lowered in depression, indicating decreased serotonin activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of maternal deprivation on 5-HIAA levels?

<p>Maternal deprivation decreases 5-HIAA levels in monkeys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is associated with an increase in IP3 levels?

<p>5-HT2A receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are prolactin responses to serotonin affected in depression?

<p>Prolactin responses to serotonin are decreased in depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of the 5-HT1A receptor in mood disorders?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the HPA axis and serotonin in major depression?

<p>HPA axis overactivity reduces hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor sites, which may explain reduced hippocampal damage in depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between dopamine function and major depression?

<p>Dopamine function is deficient in major depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What serotonin-related abnormalities are found in the platelets of patients with major depression?

<p>Decreased serotonin uptake and decreased serotonin transporter sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a candidate serotonin gene in depression?

<p>Monoamine oxidase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between GABA and major depression?

<p>CSF GABA levels are lower in depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 5-HT2A receptors and suicidal acts in major depression?

<p>There are more 5-HT2A receptors in patients with major depression who have committed suicidal acts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between GABA and bipolar disorder?

<p>There are fewer GABA neurons in the anterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex in bipolar disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is mainly responsible for the agonistic action of 'Hallucinogens' / 'Psychedelics'?

<p>5-HT1A receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do increasing serotonergic activity with buspirone or SSRIs not produce hallucinogenic effects?

<p>They target different serotonin receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of agonistic action for MDMA?

<p>Prefrontal cortex (PFC) and thalamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are MDMA and similar drugs classified as 'entactogens' or 'empathogens'?

<p>For their effects on increasing emotional sensitivity and empathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What subjective effects are typically not seen in other drugs but are observed with MDMA?

<p>Increased emotional sensitivity &amp; empathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do users often report 'midweek blues' after taking MDMA?

<p>Attributed to serotonin depletion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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