Serotonin and Facial Expression Processing Quiz

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Which of the following is an example of an affective disorder mentioned in the text?

Alzheimer's disease

Schizophrenia

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (correct)

Parkinson's disease

Which of the following effects does decreasing serotonin levels with ATD have on emotional recognition?

Enhances recognition of fear and happiness

Improves recognition of all emotions

Impairs recognition of fear and happiness (correct)

Has no effect on emotional recognition

What effect does increasing serotonergic activity have on mood according to the text?

Has no effect on mood

Increases positive subjective mood reports (correct)

Decreases positive mood reports

Increases negative mood and irritability

What effect does ATD have on memory performance according to the text?

Impairs memory for emotionally neutral and positive stimuli only Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as an example of an affective disorder?

Schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

What effect does ATD have on mood in normal subjects according to the text?

Decreases positive mood and increases irritability and aggressiveness Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter deficiency has been hypothesized as a factor in both mania and depression?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressant medication enhances norepinephrine or dopamine function?

MAOI Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common drug treatment for major depressive illnesses?

SSRIs Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter's enhanced function is associated with anticonvulsants?

GABA Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a delayed onset of action for SSRIs as antidepressants?

Gradual desensitization of 5-HT1A autoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter's deficiency may contribute to mood instability according to the text?

GABA Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 5-HIAA and depression?

5-HIAA is lowered in depression, indicating decreased serotonin activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of maternal deprivation on 5-HIAA levels?

Maternal deprivation decreases 5-HIAA levels in monkeys Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is associated with an increase in IP3 levels?

5-HT2A receptor Signup and view all the answers

How are prolactin responses to serotonin affected in depression?

Prolactin responses to serotonin are decreased in depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of the 5-HT1A receptor in mood disorders?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the HPA axis and serotonin in major depression?

HPA axis overactivity reduces hippocampal 5-HT1A receptor sites, which may explain reduced hippocampal damage in depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between dopamine function and major depression?

Dopamine function is deficient in major depression Signup and view all the answers

What serotonin-related abnormalities are found in the platelets of patients with major depression?

Decreased serotonin uptake and decreased serotonin transporter sites Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a candidate serotonin gene in depression?

Monoamine oxidase Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between GABA and major depression?

CSF GABA levels are lower in depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 5-HT2A receptors and suicidal acts in major depression?

There are more 5-HT2A receptors in patients with major depression who have committed suicidal acts Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between GABA and bipolar disorder?

There are fewer GABA neurons in the anterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex in bipolar disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor is mainly responsible for the agonistic action of 'Hallucinogens' / 'Psychedelics'?

5-HT1A receptors Signup and view all the answers

Why do increasing serotonergic activity with buspirone or SSRIs not produce hallucinogenic effects?

They target different serotonin receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of agonistic action for MDMA?

Prefrontal cortex (PFC) and thalamus Signup and view all the answers

Why are MDMA and similar drugs classified as 'entactogens' or 'empathogens'?

For their effects on increasing emotional sensitivity and empathy Signup and view all the answers

What subjective effects are typically not seen in other drugs but are observed with MDMA?

Increased emotional sensitivity & empathy Signup and view all the answers

Why do users often report 'midweek blues' after taking MDMA?

Attributed to serotonin depletion Signup and view all the answers