18 Questions
What is the initial therapy for necrotizing fasciitis?
Broad-spectrum coverage of Gram positive, Gram negative, and anaerobic organisms
How is acute pyogenic osteomyelitis classified based on duration?
Acute
What is the source of acute pyogenic osteomyelitis in hematogenous spread?
Spread through bloodstream
What is the route of infection for exogenous acute pyogenic osteomyelitis?
E. organism access after bone trauma/surgery/adjacent site of infection
What happens in chronic osteomyelitis at a favorable site for bacterial proliferation?
Local hematoma formation
What is the pathogenesis of pus spread in acute osteomyelitis?
Pus spreads along the bone length causing Osteonecrosis
What is the diagnostic procedure used for microbiologic diagnosis in septic arthritis?
Needle aspiration/ surgical specimen - swab/ wound draining - Blood cultures
Describe the pathologic features of septic arthritis similar to osteomyelitis.
Similar pathologic features include rapid progress of pathologic changes, spread of infection from metaphysis to joint, and potential life-threatening septicemia.
What is the causative agent for septic arthritis from trauma or surgery?
Streptococci & Staphylococci
What is the treatment approach for reactive arthritis?
No specific treatment, only help relieve pain and stiffness
Which pathogens can cause prosthetic joint infection?
S.aureus, staphylococci, s.epidermidis
Define viral exanthem and enanthem.
Viral exanthem is an acute generalized skin eruption, while enanthem is an eruption on the oral mucous lesion.
What are the characteristic symptoms of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome?
Erythema, edema, warmth, tender, fever, abscess, lymphadenopathy
What is the causative agent responsible for necrotizing fasciitis?
Mainly Streptococcus Pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, often polymicrobial with mixed anaerobic bacteria
What is the mechanism of action of epidermolytic toxin (ETA/ETB) in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome?
Causes breakdown of desmosomes at the stratum granulosum
What is Nikolsky’s sign, and in which condition is it positive?
Epidermal layer separation with gentle stroking; positive in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
What is the management approach for necrotizing fasciitis?
Removal of necrotic tissues, emergency amputation, IV antibiotics
What is the diagnostic procedure known as the NF-finger test used for, and how is it performed?
Diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis; involves a 2cm vertical incision where murky, foul-smelling fluid emanates if positive
Test your knowledge on Septic Arthritis with this Viva quiz covering topics like white blood cell count, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, diagnostic procedures like X-rays, MRI, and microbiologic diagnosis, as well as management strategies including IV antibiotics and surgical debridement.
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