Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances
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Questions and Answers

Which branch of the national government is supposed to be the most important?

  • Legislative branch (correct)
  • Executive branch
  • Judicial branch
  • None of the above

What is the main job of the legislative branch?

  • Make laws (correct)
  • Execute laws
  • Interpret laws
  • None of the above

Which branch of the national government is in charge of executing the law?

  • Legislative branch
  • Executive branch (correct)
  • Judicial branch
  • None of the above

Who nominates Supreme Court justices?

<p>The executive branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the checks that the executive branch has over the courts?

<p>Refusing to carry out court decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Framers of the Constitution create checks and balances?

<p>To protect the rights of the citizens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the checks that the judiciary has over the executive branch?

<p>Declaring executive actions unconstitutional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting the law?

<p>Judicial branch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checks and balances in the American government?

<p>To create a balance of power between the three branches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government has the greatest number of checks on the other branches?

<p>Legislative branch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can Congress limit the power of the judiciary?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which house of Congress must revenue bills start in?

<p>The House of Representatives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens after a bill is referred to a committee?

<p>The committee votes on the bill (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of markup in the legislative process?

<p>To write up the bill in formal, legal language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a bill receives the majority of votes in the House of Representatives?

<p>It passes and moves on to the Senate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a conference committee in the legislative process?

<p>To reconcile different versions of a bill from both houses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pocket veto?

<p>When the President neither signs nor vetoes a bill and Congress goes out of session (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if Congress overrides a presidential veto?

<p>The bill becomes a law over the President's signature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a procedural hurdle that can kill a bill in Congress?

<p>The President vetoing the bill (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the filibuster in Congress?

<p>To delay or block the passage of a bill (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the House Rules Committee in the legislative process?

<p>To create rules for debate on a bill (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the veto gates in the legislative process?

<p>To make it difficult for Congress to act unless there's broad agreement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the main focus of the electoral connection?

<p>Getting elected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Crash Course: Government and Politics?

<p>To teach about government and politics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who supports Crash Course US Government?

<p>Voqal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why are presidential elections often the focus of public attention?

<p>Because the media covers presidential elections more extensively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why is Congress considered the most important branch of government?

<p>Because it is the branch that is most responsive to the people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why are elections important for politicians in Congress?

<p>Because they have to pay attention to what the constituents want (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Constitution, how often are members of the House of Representatives chosen?

<p>Every two years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often are elections held for 1/3 of the Senate?

<p>Every two years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the number of districts in the House of Representatives?

<p>The Census (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are state Senators elected?

<p>By the entire state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to political scientist David Mayhew, what are the three categories of activities that Congressmen engage in to secure re-election?

<p>Advertising, credit claiming, and position taking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of credit claiming in the context of Congressional elections?

<p>To demonstrate accomplishments to voters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the franking privilege in the context of Congressional elections?

<p>Allowance for sending election materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incumbency advantage in Congressional elections?

<p>The advantage of being an already elected official (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who supports Crash Course US Government in producing their videos?

<p>Voqal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mission of Voqal?

<p>To advance social equity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Crash Course made with?

<p>Staffer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about standing committees in Congress?

<p>They handle the day-to-day business of Congress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of select committees in Congress?

<p>To deal with particular issues beyond the jurisdiction of standing committees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of joint committees in Congress?

<p>To be made up of members of both houses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which committee oversees the Library of Congress?

<p>Joint Committee on the Library (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Congress have so many committees?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the power of controlling which ideas become bills called?

<p>Gatekeeping Authority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the speakership of Newt Gingrich, what changes were made to the Congress?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of staff in Congress is responsible for performing unbiased factual research for Congresspeople and their staff?

<p>Congressional Research Service (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of caucuses in Congress?

<p>To coordinate legislative efforts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of committees in Congress?

<p>To make the process of lawmaking more efficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Speaker in Congress?

<p>To refer bills to committee and act as gatekeeper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for choosing the House Majority Leader?

<p>The Speaker of the House (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the de facto spokesperson for the minority party in the House?

<p>The Minority Party (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the leader of the Senate?

<p>The Majority Leader (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the President pro tempore in the Senate?

<p>Presides over the Senate sessions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the leader of the House of Representatives and what is their role?

<p>The Speaker of the House, who is elected by the majority party and has significant power. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary task of the Majority Whip in the House of Representatives?

<p>Counting votes on important legislation and ensuring party members vote along party lines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often are elections held to choose the Speaker of the House?

<p>Every two years, coinciding with the election of the entire House of Representatives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why do the official leadership of Congress have little trouble raising money for campaigns?

<p>Donors want to give to proven winners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why do political parties raise so much money to win elections?

<p>To have control over both houses and the presidency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why do parties matter in Congress?

<p>Parties provide a common set of values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, why did the Tea Party caucus make it difficult for Speaker Boehner to put forward an agenda?

<p>They felt Boehner compromised too much with the Democrats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the main factors that influence congressmen when they make decisions?

<p>The media (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sometimes called case work in Congress?

<p>Direct service to constituents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the relative lack of important congressional votes in recent years suggest?

<p>Congressmen are prioritizing direct service to constituents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party had the majority in both houses of Congress during the first few years of the Obama presidency?

<p>Democrats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about interest groups and their influence on congressmen?

<p>Interest groups provide information that congressmen can use in writing bills. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of government is created when the president and the congressional majority are in opposite parties?

<p>Divided government (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of political parties in influencing lawmakers?

<p>Political parties pressure lawmakers to vote a certain way. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of Congress from 2010 to 2012?

<p>Repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Hastert Rule?

<p>A rule that requires a majority of the majority party to support a bill before it is brought to a vote. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what factor makes the most difference in the decision-making process of Congress?

<p>Structures of Congress and party majority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do interest groups have the most influence on legislation?

<p>During the writing of legislation in committees. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the current President of the United States?

<p>Barack Obama (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of starting with the Constitution in these episodes?

<p>To provide a formal description of the executive branch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible if the President becomes more powerful than what is suggested in the Constitution?

<p>Congress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a qualification for someone to become President of the United States?

<p>Having previous experience as a member of Congress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a formal power of the President?

<p>Sending soldiers to do military things (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Electoral College created as the method for selecting the President?

<p>To prevent the people from electing demigods or the person they wanted (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the President's power to receive ambassadors?

<p>It legitimizes the existence of a nation-state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president revived the practice of making the State of the Union an actual speech?

<p>Woodrow Wilson (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the President have to veto laws passed by Congress?

<p>Legislative power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the President have to appoint judges?

<p>Executive power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the President have to grant pardons and reprieves?

<p>Executive power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the expressed powers of the President?

<p>The President is the commander in chief of the army and the navy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are informal powers of the President?

<p>Informal powers are powers that are not mentioned in the Constitution but are implied by its wording. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of this episode of CrashCourse Government and Politics?

<p>To discuss the powers of the President that are not in the Constitution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which power allows the President to act unilaterally and bypass the legislative process?

<p>The power of executive orders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the President's power of impounding funds?

<p>To prevent the implementation of certain programs or projects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the check on executive privilege?

<p>A court order (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of executive orders compared to laws passed through the normal channels?

<p>They can be easily overturned by the next President (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government has the power to declare war?

<p>The Congress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the War Powers Resolution?

<p>To limit the President's power to use troops without authorization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an executive agreement and a treaty?

<p>Executive agreements do not require ratification by the Senate, while treaties do (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the President's power to direct administrative agencies come from?

<p>The President's power to appoint agency heads (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting the law?

<p>Judicial branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Article I of the Constitution?

<p>To define the powers of Congress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of powers held by Congress?

<p>Enumerated powers and implied powers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment extended the power of taxation to include income taxes?

<p>Sixteenth Amendment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment gave Congress the power to enforce the right to vote for citizens who are eighteen years of age or older?

<p>Nineteenth Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clause permits Congress to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution its powers?

<p>Necessary and Proper Clause (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Supreme Court case affirmed the federal government's authority to establish a national bank under the tax and spend clause?

<p>McCulloch v. Maryland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which article of the Constitution grants Congress the power to raise and support armies?

<p>Article I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which section of the Constitution allows Congress to control state laws that lay duties on imports or exports?

<p>Section 10 of Article I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does Section 3 of Article III grant to Congress?

<p>The power to create exceptions and regulations to the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which article of the Constitution allows Congress to propose amendments?

<p>Article V (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the federal government was involved in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Judicial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appointed William Marbury to a judicial position?

<p>John Adams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle did the Marbury v. Madison case establish?

<p>Principle of judicial review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the Supreme Court announce in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Judicial review (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who wrote the opinion for the Supreme Court in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>John Marshall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Court interpret the text of the Judiciary Act of 1789 regarding its jurisdiction?

<p>It granted the Court original jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the federal government did Marbury v. Madison help define the boundary between?

<p>Judicial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appointed the several dozen Federalist Party supporters to new circuit judge and justice of the peace positions?

<p>John Adams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Marbury v. Madison establish regarding the U.S. Constitution?

<p>It is both law and a statement of political principles and ideals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>John Marshall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political party did William Marbury support?

<p>Federalist Party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Jefferson instruct James Madison to withhold the undelivered commissions?

<p>The commissions were void because they had not been delivered before Adams left office. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the Supreme Court establish in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>The power of judicial review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who wrote the Court's opinion in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>John Marshall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first question that the Court answered in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Did Marbury have a right to his commission? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of court order did the Court determine was the proper remedy for Marbury's situation?

<p>Writ of mandamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court hold about the Supreme Court's jurisdiction over the case in Marbury v. Madison?

<p>The Supreme Court had exclusive jurisdiction over the case. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Madison and upheld Jefferson's decision to withhold the commissions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appointed the new judges and justices of the peace before leaving office?

<p>John Adams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the political affiliation of William Marbury, the plaintiff in the case?

<p>Federalist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Marbury v. Madison was decided?

<p>John Marshall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for Jefferson instructing Madison to withhold the undelivered commissions?

<p>The commissions were void because they had not been delivered before Adams left office. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the Supreme Court establish in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>The power to invalidate laws that violate the Constitution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>The Supreme Court ruled that it did not have jurisdiction over the case. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chief Justice John Marshall, what is the essence of civil liberty?

<p>The right to claim protection of the laws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of court order did the Court determine was the proper remedy for Marbury's situation?

<p>Writ of mandamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court determine about the delivery of Marbury's commission?

<p>It was merely a custom, not an essential element of the commission itself (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court hold regarding the power of the Supreme Court to issue the writ of mandamus?

<p>The courts could provide the legal remedy as long as it involved a mandatory duty to a specific person (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president appointed the judges whose commissions were undelivered in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>John Adams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Marbury believe was the proper remedy for his situation?

<p>To have his commission delivered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Supreme Court establish in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>The power of judicial review (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court asking for a writ of mandamus?

<p>William Marbury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chief Justice of the United States when the Supreme Court issued its decision in Marbury v. Madison?

<p>John Marshall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Supreme Court hold regarding Madison's refusal to deliver Marbury's commission?

<p>It was illegal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the Supreme Court establish in Marbury v. Madison?

<p>Judicial review (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the second question that the Court answered in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Did Marbury have a legal remedy? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the third question that the Court answered in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Did the Supreme Court have proper jurisdiction? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court determine about Marbury's commission?

<p>It was valid and Madison's withholding was unlawful. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the proper remedy for Marbury's situation according to the Court?

<p>A writ of mandamus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president appointed William Marbury to a judicial position?

<p>John Adams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the political party affiliation of William Marbury?

<p>Federalist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Jefferson instruct his Secretary of State, James Madison, to do with the undelivered commissions?

<p>Destroy them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at the time of the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>John Marshall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party did the opposition Democratic-Republican Party favor during the presidential election of 1800?

<p>Democratic Party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who did Jefferson instruct to withhold the undelivered commissions of the appointees?

<p>James Madison (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for Madison's refusal to deliver Marbury's commission?

<p>The commissions were void because they had not been delivered before Adams left office (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chief Justice John Marshall, what is the essence of civil liberty?

<p>The right to claim protection of the laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of court order did the Court determine to be the proper remedy for Marbury's situation?

<p>Writ of mandamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis for the Court's determination of its jurisdiction over the case?

<p>Interpretation of the Judiciary Act of 1789 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court conclude about Marbury's commission being withheld by Madison?

<p>It violated Marbury's vested legal right (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the federal government did Marbury v. Madison help define the boundary between?

<p>Judicial branch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appointed several dozen Federalist Party supporters to new circuit judge and justice of the peace positions?

<p>John Adams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle did Marbury v. Madison establish in the United States?

<p>Principle of judicial review (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Marbury v. Madison was decided?

<p>John Marshall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis for the Court's determination of its jurisdiction over the case?

<p>The Judiciary Act of 1789 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power did the Supreme Court announce in the Marbury v. Madison case?

<p>Judicial review (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Jefferson instruct James Madison to withhold the undelivered commissions?

<p>He believed the commissions were void (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Chief Justice John Marshall, what is the essence of civil liberty?

<p>The right to claim protection of the laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Court determine regarding the delivery of Marbury's commission?

<p>Delivery of the commission was merely a custom, not an essential element (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of court order did the Court determine was the proper remedy for Marbury's situation?

<p>Writ of mandamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Chief Justice John Marshall borrow from the Massachusetts State Constitution in his opinion?

<p>The phrase 'The government of the United States has been emphatically termed a government of laws, and not of men.' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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