20 Questions
Which method is traditionally used for the separation of the components of volatile mixtures?
Distillation
In which method are the sample mixtures distributed between two phases, one of which remains stationary while the other phase percolates through or over the surface of the fixed phase?
Chromatography
When a mixture of alkaloid bases is shaken with NaOH solution, which group of compounds will be separated as salts?
Phenolic alkaloids
What is the function of the stationary phase in chromatography?
It fixes the analyte in place during the chromatography procedure.
What does the term 'analyte' refer to in chromatography?
The substances to be separated during chromatography.
Which method is NOT a method of detection in chromatography?
Mechanism of separation
Who is credited with the first detailed description of chromatography?
Michael Tswett
What are the two types of chromatography that are usually adsorption chromatography?
Liquid Solid Chromatography (LSC) and Gas Solid Chromatography (GSC)
What is the mobile phase for Gas Solid Chromatography (GSC)?
Gas
What are the possible phases for the stationary phase in chromatography?
Solid or Liquid
What method exploits the differences in solubility of the components of a mixture in a particular solvent?
Chromatography
Which technique involves the distribution of a compound between two phases, a moving (mobile) phase that is passed over an immobile (stationary) phase?
Fractional crystallization
In which method are the sample mixtures dispersed between two phases, with one phase remaining stationary while the other phase percolates through or over the surface of the fixed phase?
Chromatography
What did Michael Tswett separate from a mixture of plant pigments in 1906?
Chlorophyll
Which combinations of mobile and stationary phases are not possible in chromatography?
Gas-gas and solid-solid
What types of chromatography are LSC and GSC usually associated with?
Adsorption chromatography
What determines the ways to carry out a chromatographic process?
How the sample is introduced & moved through the stationary phase
What is the role of the stationary phase in chromatography?
It helps fix the analyte in its place during the chromatography procedure.
What is the function of the mobile phase in chromatography?
To move in a definite direction and carry the analyte.
What does a chromatogram represent?
The visual results of the separation procedure.
Study Notes
Chromatography
- Traditionally, the separation of volatile mixtures is achieved through chromatography.
- In chromatography, sample mixtures are distributed between two phases, one of which remains stationary while the other phase percolates through or over the surface of the fixed phase.
Separation of Alkaloid Bases
- When a mixture of alkaloid bases is shaken with NaOH solution, the alkaloid bases are separated as salts.
Function of Stationary and Mobile Phases
- The stationary phase in chromatography holds the mixture components, allowing them to interact with the mobile phase.
- The function of the mobile phase is to transport the mixture components through the stationary phase.
Chromatography Definitions
- An analyte is the substance being analyzed in chromatography.
- The term chromatography was first described in detail by Michael Tswett.
Types of Chromatography
- There are two types of chromatography that are usually adsorption chromatography: Liquid-Solid Chromatography (LSC) and Gas-Solid Chromatography (GSC).
- In Gas Solid Chromatography (GSC), the mobile phase is a gas.
- The stationary phase in chromatography can be a solid or a liquid.
Chromatography Process
- A chromatographic process involves the distribution of a compound between two phases, a moving (mobile) phase that is passed over an immobile (stationary) phase.
- The method that exploits the differences in solubility of the components of a mixture in a particular solvent is chromatography.
History of Chromatography
- Michael Tswett separated chlorophyll from a mixture of plant pigments in 1906.
Chromatography Limitations
- It is not possible to combine a solid stationary phase with a gas mobile phase in chromatography.
Chromatography Types
- LSC and GSC are usually associated with adsorption chromatography.
Chromatographic Process Determinants
- The ways to carry out a chromatographic process are determined by the mobile and stationary phases.
Chromatogram
- A chromatogram represents the result of a chromatographic process, showing the separation of mixture components.
Explore different methods used for the separation and isolation of constituents, such as sublimation, distillation, and fractional liberation. Learn about the applications of these methods in the purification of materials and volatile mixtures.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
