Sentence Structure and Components

Study Notes

Definition

A sentence is a unit of language that expresses a complete thought, feeling, or idea. It typically consists of a group of words that are grammatically related and convey a sense of completeness.

Components

Subject: The noun or pronoun that performs the action described in the sentence.
Predicate: The verb or action that is performed by the subject.
Object: The noun or pronoun that receives the action described in the sentence.
Modifiers: Words or phrases that provide additional information about the subject, predicate, or object.

Types of Sentences

Declarative: Statements that provide information or make a declaration.
Interrogative: Questions that ask for information.
Imperative: Commands or instructions that tell someone to do something.
Exclamatory: Sentences that express strong emotions or feelings.

Sentence Structure

Simple sentence: A sentence with only one independent clause.
Compound sentence: A sentence with two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
Complex sentence: A sentence with an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
Compound-complex sentence: A sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.

Sentence Functions

Statement: A sentence that provides information or makes a declaration.
Question: A sentence that asks for information.
Command: A sentence that tells someone to do something.
Exclamation: A sentence that expresses strong emotions or feelings.

Sentence Clauses

Independent clause: A clause that has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a complete sentence.
Dependent clause: A clause that does not have a subject and/or predicate and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
Relative clause: A clause that begins with a relative pronoun (e.g., who, which, that) and provides additional information about a noun or pronoun.
Subordinate clause: A clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and is introduced by a subordinating conjunction (e.g., because, although, if).

Definition of a Sentence

A sentence is a unit of language that expresses a complete thought, feeling, or idea.
It typically consists of a group of words that are grammatically related and convey a sense of completeness.

Components of a Sentence

A sentence has a subject, which is the noun or pronoun that performs the action described in the sentence.
A sentence has a predicate, which is the verb or action that is performed by the subject.
A sentence has an object, which is the noun or pronoun that receives the action described in the sentence.
Modifiers provide additional information about the subject, predicate, or object in a sentence.

Types of Sentences

Declarative sentences are statements that provide information or make a declaration.
Interrogative sentences are questions that ask for information.
Imperative sentences are commands or instructions that tell someone to do something.
Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions or feelings.

Sentence Structure

A simple sentence has only one independent clause.
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
A complex sentence has an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
A compound-complex sentence has two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.

Sentence Functions

Statements provide information or make a declaration.
Questions ask for information.
Commands tell someone to do something.
Exclamations express strong emotions or feelings.

Sentence Clauses

An independent clause has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a complete sentence.
A dependent clause does not have a subject and/or predicate and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
A relative clause begins with a relative pronoun (e.g., who, which, that) and provides additional information about a noun or pronoun.
A subordinate clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and is introduced by a subordinating conjunction (e.g., because, although, if).