29 Questions
What type of receptor adapting rapidly, but generates an off response on removing the stimulus?
Phasic receptor
Which type of receptor maintains information about the stimulus, considering it valuable?
Tonic receptor
What is the role of the first-order neuron in the transmission of sensory information?
Transmit sensory information from the periphery to the CNS
Which receptor type adapts slowly to a stimulus, exemplified by pain?
Tonic receptor
What is the purpose of rapidly adapting receptors?
To allow the body to ignore unimportant information
What is the sequence of transmission of sensory information from the periphery to the CNS?
First-order neuron, Second-order neuron, Third-order neuron
What is the primary function of the stimulus-sensitive channels in separate receptor cells?
To permit net Na+ entry and produce receptor potential
What is the primary role of Ca2+ entry in the afferent neuron?
To trigger exocytosis of neurotransmitters
What is the primary difference between the FASTER process and the SLOWER process?
The location of the sensory receptor in each process
What is the primary function of the voltage-gated Na+ channels in the afferent fiber?
To generate action potentials in the afferent neuron fiber
What is the primary role of the neurotransmitter receptor-channel at the afferent ending?
To open chemically gated receptor-channels
What is the final destination of the action potential in the afferent neuron fiber?
The central nervous system (CNS)
What is the primary function of the receptor on an afferent neuron?
To respond to the stimulus and allow for nonspecific ion channel opening
What type of channel is opened in the sensory receptor when a stimulus is present?
Stimulus-sensitive nonspecific cation channel
What is the sequence of events that leads to the generation of an action potential in an afferent neuron?
Stimulus opens stimulus-sensitive channels, permitting Na+ entry, followed by local current flow and opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
What is the role of sodium ions in the generation of an action potential in an afferent neuron?
Sodium ions enter the cell, generating a depolarization and contributing to the action potential
What is the result of the receptor potential in specialized afferent endings?
The exocytosis of neurotransmitters, which generates a faster action potential
What percentage of cells in the central nervous system are neurons?
90%
What is the primary function of astrocytes in the central nervous system?
To establish the blood-brain barrier and support neurons in 3D space
Which type of glial cell forms the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system?
Schwann cells
What is the primary function of microglia in the central nervous system?
To provide immune defense and scavenge pathogens
What is the function of ependymal cells in the central nervous system?
To form the cerebrospinal fluid and regulate its flow
What is the term for the process by which astrocytes take up neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate?
Neurotransmitter reuptake
Where are the cell bodies of afferent neurons located?
In the dorsal root ganglion
What type of neurons carry sensory information from receptors in the skin and other organs?
Afferent neurons
What is the function of the dorsal root ganglion?
To transmit sensory information from the body to the brain
What is the role of the autonomic division?
To regulate involuntary body responses
What is the function of efferent neurons?
To carry motor information from the brain to skeletal muscles
What is the difference between afferent and efferent neurons?
Afferent neurons transmit sensory information, while efferent neurons transmit motor information
Learn about the differences between tonic and phasic receptors, including how they respond to stimuli, adapt to changes, and generate on and off responses. Understand the characteristics of each type of receptor and how they process sensory information.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
