Sensors Overview and Types

A thermocouple consists of two junctions made from unlike conductors such as iron and ______.

The materials used in CHROMEL are 90% nickel and 10% ______.

Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) are constructed of metallic wire wound around a ceramic or ______ core.

The resistance of metallic wire in an RTD increases with ______.

The ______ bridge circuit is commonly used to convert resistance changes into voltage changes.

In a Wheatstone bridge, small changes in ______ are measured for sensors.

The typical materials for RTD devices include platinum, nickel, and ______.

The resistance change in RTDs can be related to temperature with a temperature coefficient denoted as ______.

The sensing methods may rely on direct methods of transduction from light to electrical quantities such as in photovoltaic sensors or indirect methods such as conversion first into ______ variation.

A Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is a widely used photo sensor whose resistance is inversely proportional to the intensity of ______.

When light is detected by the LDR, its resistance changes causing the ______ to trigger that activates the relay.

The construction of the photodiode light sensor is similar to that of a conventional ______-junction diode.

A phototransistor is a ______-sensitive transistor.

A digital optical encoder converts motion into a sequence of digital ______.

Rotary encoders can be either absolute encoders or ______ encoders, which produce digital pulses as the shaft rotates.

A photoelectric sensor emits a light beam from its ______ element.

Some materials, called ______, produce a charge in response to a force applied to them.

An ______ is a small mass-spring-damper system with high natural frequency.

A simple magnetic accelerometer uses a permanent magnet as a ______ on a spring.

A load cell converts a load or force acting on it into an ______ signal.

MEMS stands for micro-______-mechanical systems.

MEMS can range in size from a few micrometers to ______.

The ability of MEMS to sense, control, and ______ on the micro scale is significant.

Both mechanical microstructures and ______ are part of MEMS technology.

A sensor detects the magnitude of a physical parameter and changes it into a signal that can be processed by the _____ system.

Transducers that convert physical quantities into electrical signals are called _____ transducers.

Active sensors require an external power source called an _____ signal.

Examples of passive sensors include the _____ sensor and thermocouple.

The Seebeck effect refers to the voltage produced when temperature changes at the junction formed by joining two unlike _____ .

Linear variable differential transformers (LVDT) are used to measure _____ .

A classical thermometer does not provide an output signal that can be inputted to a _____ for further use.

Monitoring and control systems utilize sensors to measure physical quantities such as position, distance, force, _____ , temperature, vibration, and acceleration.

A tactile sensor is also known as a ________ sensor.

One of the most widely used forms of light sensor is the ________.

Sensors and actuators are both examples of ________.

The maximum expected error associated with a measurement or a sensor is known as ________.

The form of displacement sensors shown here is known as ________.

All mechanical switches suffer from ________ bounce.

A form of temperature sensor that produces a large change in resistance with temperature is a ________.

The type of temperature sensor most likely found in an Integrated Circuit is a ________ based sensor.