10 Questions
What type of material are modern electronic devices typically constructed from?
Semiconductors
How does a semiconductor atom achieve stability?
By sharing valence electrons with neighboring atoms
What distinguishes semiconductors from electrical insulators and conductors?
Semiconductors can partially conduct electricity.
What contributes to the filling of sub shells in semiconductor atoms?
Sharing electrons with neighboring atoms
How many electrons does the center atom in a semiconductor effectively have in its M-shell?
8 electrons
What is the relationship between the concentration of electrons (n) and holes (p) in an intrinsic semiconductor?
n = p = ni, where ni is the intrinsic carrier concentration
How does the intrinsic carrier concentration (ni) depend on the bandgap energy (Eg) of a semiconductor?
ni decreases exponentially with Eg
What is the role of a pentavalent impurity (such as phosphorus or antimony) when introduced into a semiconductor like silicon?
It donates excess electrons, making the semiconductor n-type
How does the introduction of a trivalent impurity (such as boron, aluminum, or gallium) affect the electronic properties of a semiconductor like silicon?
It creates holes, making the semiconductor p-type
What is the relationship between the concentration of excess electrons (n) and the concentration of impurity atoms (Nd) in an n-type semiconductor?
n = Nd, as all the impurity atoms are ionized at room temperature
Learn about the characteristics of semiconductor materials and their role in modern electronic devices. Understand how charges flow through semiconductors and the structure of these materials. Explore the differences between conductors, insulators, and semiconductors.
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