Semiconductor Devices and Electronic Circuits Quiz

Electronic Devices

• An electronic device is an entity that uses electricity to perform specific tasks, such as computing, communication, or entertainment

Building Blocks of Electronic Circuits

• The main building blocks of electronic circuits are:
  • Resistors (R)
  • Capacitors (C)
  • Inductors (L)
  • Diodes (D)
  • Transistors (T)

Material Classification based on Energy Bands

• Materials are classified into three categories based on their Energy Bands:
  • Conductors (e.g., copper, aluminum): have overlapping valence and conduction bands
  • Insulators (e.g., glass, wood): have a large energy gap between valence and conduction bands
  • Semiconductors (e.g., silicon, germanium): have a small energy gap between valence and conduction bands

Electron Orbitals in Solids

• In solids, electron orbitals overlap, forming a band of allowed energy states
• The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that each energy state can hold only two electrons with opposite spins

Energy Band Formation

• Energy bands are formed when individual atoms in a solid come together and their atomic orbitals overlap
• The resulting energy bands are characterized by a range of allowed energy states, separated by forbidden energy gaps