Computing concepts
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Questions and Answers

Which individual is specifically acknowledged for creating ancillary materials for the book?

  • Wilson (correct)
  • David
  • Katie Singleton
  • Beth Lang Golub
  • Which edition(s) of the data communications material did David provide technical discussions and reviews for?

  • Fifth edition only
  • Fourth edition only
  • All editions
  • Fourth and fifth editions (correct)
  • Which of the following individuals is credited with ongoing efforts to make the book 'perfect'?

  • Stu Westin
  • Alan Pinck
  • Mark Jacobi
  • Felicia Ruocco (correct)
  • How many editions did Wilson serve as a technical reviewer for?

    <p>Three (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reviewer is affiliated with Algonquin College?

    <p>Alan Pinck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organizations is Anthony Richardson associated with?

    <p>United States Army Informations Systems Engineering Command (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reviewers is from Kaunas University of Technology?

    <p>Julius Ilinskas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution is Barbara T. Grabowski affiliated with?

    <p>Benedictine College (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key takeaway regarding the evolution of computer architecture?

    <p>Despite significant technological advancements, the core concepts of computer architecture have remained relatively stable over the last seventy years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The graphical user interface is based on a project from which decade?

    <p>1960s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit does understanding computer architecture provide in the face of technological change?

    <p>It provides a framework for adapting to new developments and dealing with them effectively. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For whom is the textbook primarily designed?

    <p>Information Systems (IS) and Information Technology (IT) majors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assumption does the book make about the student's familiarity?

    <p>Familiarity with personal computer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Instruction sets in modern computers are nearly identical to that of computers built in which of these decades?

    <p>1950s - 1960s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an incorrect prerequisite of this textbook?

    <p>Deep understanding of assembly language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were modern operating system techniques developed?

    <p>1960s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the self-operating napkin contraption, what triggers the sky-rocket (K)?

    <p>The automatic cigar lighter (J) being activated, setting off the sky-rocket. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the book, as emphasized by the author?

    <p>The architecture of computer systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pendulum with the attached napkin in Goldberg's invention?

    <p>To wipe the user's chin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the author believe a deep understanding of computer systems is an essential element of success in Information Systems (IS) or Information Technology (IT)?

    <p>It is crucial for adapting to changes and assessing the value of new developments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the author,what makes the Information Systems and Technology fields exciting?

    <p>The daily emergence of new developments that transform how we handle information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action directly follows the parrot (E) jumping after the cracker (D)?

    <p>The perch (F) tilts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as a post-meal substitute for the napkin?

    <p>A harmonica for entertainment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some individuals in IS/IT tend to neglect the study of computer architecture, according to the book?

    <p>The technology changes so rapidly that the knowledge may become outdated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial action that sets off the chain reaction in the self-operating napkin device?

    <p>Raising the spoon of soup (A) to the mouth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of computer systems has seen significant advancement, making connection routine and simple?

    <p>Networking Systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct consequence of the extra weight in the pail (H)?

    <p>It pulls the cord (I). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's view on printed textbooks versus other forms of learning materials?

    <p>There are many ways of understanding, but a textbook is the best for deep integrated understanding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ladle (C) in the self-operating napkin machine?

    <p>To jerk when the string (B) is pulled, throwing the cracker towards the parrot. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What encompassing topics does computer architecture primarily deal with in an operational context?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways is a smartphone computer superior compared to mainframe computers of twenty-five years ago?

    <p>Smartphones have greater memory, disk, and flash storage capacity and are easier to connect. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of the device, directly before the user can play the harmonica?

    <p>The pendulum with the napkin wipes the users face. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary function of a journaling file system?

    <p>To maintain a log of file system changes, ensuring data consistency after a crash. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the 'bootstrap' program in the context of starting a computer system?

    <p>To load and initialize the operating system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In operating systems, what is the primary difference between a process and a thread?

    <p>A process has its own memory space, while threads share the memory space of the process they belong to. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the high-level scheduler play in CPU scheduling?

    <p>It selects processes from secondary storage to be loaded into memory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using virtual storage in an operating system?

    <p>It allows processes to access more memory than is physically available. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a 'page fault' in the context of virtual storage?

    <p>An interrupt generated when a process requests a page that is not currently in physical memory. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'thrashing' in the context of virtual memory management?

    <p>A condition where the system spends more time swapping pages than executing processes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of 'process separation' in an operating system?

    <p>To prevent processes from interfering with each other's memory and resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary responsibility of a systems architect or system analyst?

    <p>Designing and implementing systems to meet an organization's IT needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for a systems architect to understand the cost and capabilities of different computer components?

    <p>To optimize the system's performance and meet the organization's needs within budget. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does a company gain by using a network of off-the-shelf blade servers instead of a large mainframe/virtual machine system for its web servers?

    <p>Potentially better performance at a lower cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of system strategy, what would be the role of system architects and analysts?

    <p>Helping management make intelligent decisions about which computer systems to purchase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can knowledge of computer systems help in differentiating between technological obsolescence and major relevant advances?

    <p>By providing insight into whether new technologies genuinely improve the organization's capabilities or are merely superficial upgrades. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of understanding the trade-offs inherent in the use of cloud and other remote services?

    <p>Making informed decisions about when and how to leverage these services effectively. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main skill helps when purchasing a new computer system??

    <p>Ability to read and understand technical specifications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might programs written in compiled languages like C++ often run faster than those written in interpreted languages like JavaScript?

    <p>Compiled languages are translated into machine code before execution, while interpreted languages are translated during execution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    File Systems

    Methods for storing and organizing files on a drive.

    Partitions

    Divisions of a hard drive used for organizing data.

    Processes

    Instances of running programs in an operating system.

    Threads

    Lightweight processes that share resources within a program.

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    CPU Scheduling

    The method used by the OS to decide which process runs at what time.

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    Virtual Storage

    Technique that allows the computer to use hard drive space as additional memory.

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    Page Faults

    Occur when a program accesses a page that is not in memory.

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    Thrashing

    Excessive paging that significantly slows down the system.

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    Integrated approach

    A method that combines various disciplines for better understanding.

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    E-book equivalent

    A digital version of a printed textbook that serves similar functions.

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    Information systems (IS)

    Systems that manage and provide information using technology.

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    Adaptability in IT

    The ability to adjust to new technologies and methods in IT.

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    Computer architecture

    The structure and operation of digital computers and devices.

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    Operating system software

    Software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

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    Data acquisition

    The process of collecting and measuring data.

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    Rapid technology evolution

    The fast-paced changes in computer technology over time.

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    Technical Reviewer

    A person who assesses content for accuracy and clarity.

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    Acknowledgment

    A formal expression of gratitude in publications.

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    Constructive Criticism

    Feedback aimed at improving a product or work.

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    Editing Process

    The phase where content is reviewed and refined.

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    Editorial Team

    A group responsible for the publishing aspects of a book.

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    Reviewers

    Individuals who evaluate content to ensure quality.

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    Ancillary Materials

    Supplementary content that supports the main material.

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    Quality Assurance

    The process of ensuring a product meets certain standards.

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    Nested Loops Efficiency

    Nested loops can run faster with reversed index variables.

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    Compiled vs Interpreted Languages

    Compiled languages like C++ run faster than interpreted languages like BASIC.

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    Program Layout Impact

    The layout of a program affects its runtime efficiency significantly.

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    Role of Systems Architect

    Systems architects design systems to meet IT needs efficiently.

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    Cost vs Capability Trade-off

    Choosing computer components requires balancing cost and capabilities.

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    Mainframe vs Blade Servers

    Deciding between mainframes and blade servers involves efficiency and cost considerations.

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    Technological Obsolescence

    Distinguishing between minor obsolescence and significant technological advances is crucial.

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    Understanding Technical Specifications

    Reading technical specifications helps in selecting the right computer systems.

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    Instruction set

    A collection of commands that a processor can execute, nearly unchanged since the 1950s.

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    Modern operating systems

    Software that manages computer hardware and software resources, developed in the 1960s.

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    Graphical user interface (GUI)

    A visual way for users to interact with a computer, based on designs from the 1960s.

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    Impact of past concepts

    New technologies are built on foundational concepts developed decades ago.

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    Computer fundamentals

    Basic knowledge of how computers function, including hardware and software components.

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    Instruction set design

    The process of creating the instruction set that dictates how machine-level instructions are executed.

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    Interaction between computers

    The ways in which computers communicate and share data.

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    Self-Operating Napkin

    An invention that automates the process of wiping your mouth after eating.

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    Rube Goldberg

    An American cartoonist known for creating complex machines to perform simple tasks.

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    Pendulum Mechanism

    A swinging device used in the napkin's operation to wipe the chin.

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    Ladle

    A large spoon used for serving soup.

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    Trigger Mechanism

    The sequence of actions initiated by pulling the string.

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    Cracker

    A small baked snack that is thrown in the narrative.

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    Parrot Reaction

    The parrot's action of jumping after the tossed cracker.

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    Harmonica Entertainment

    Substituting the napkin with a harmonica for post-meal entertainment.

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    Study Notes

    Self-Operating Napkin Device

    • A professor invented a self-operating napkin device involving a series of actions.
    • A spoon (A) triggers a string (B) that activates a ladle (C), which throws a cracker (D) to a parrot (E).
    • The parrot (E) jumps for the cracker, tilting its perch (F) , causing seeds (G) to fall into a pail (H).
    • The weight in the pail (H) pulls a cord, causing a cigar lighter (I) to ignite and fire a skyrocket (K).
    • The skyrocket (K) then triggers a sickle (L) which cuts a string (M), freeing a pendulum with an attached napkin (L).
    • The pendulum swings, wiping off the user's chin.
    • A harmonica can be substituted for the napkin after the meal for entertainment.

    Computer Hardware, Systems Software, and Networking

    • This book is about computer architecture, covering hardware structure and operation, operating systems, and data/device interaction.
    • It details the structure, operation, and functions of digital computers and related systems.

    Computer Architecture - Overview

    • Computer architecture concepts have remained largely unchanged for over 70 years, despite rapid advancements in computer technology.
    • Modern technologies build upon older architectural concepts.
    • Instruction sets in contemporary PCs and smartphones are very similar to those from the 1950s and 1960s.

    Computer Architecture's Impact on IT

    • Understanding computer architecture is crucial for success in information systems and technology.
    • It enables adaptability to technological advancements.
    • It allows you to assess the value of new developments within the context of computer systems.

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    Computers and Systems, An Introduction to System Concepts and Systems Architecture, Number Systems, Cpu and memory

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