SEJPME One JKO Flashcards

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Operations conducted to search for, locate, identify, recover, and return isolated personnel, sensitive equipment, items critical to national security, or human remains are known as ________.

recovery operations

A military operation to temporarily seize an area, usually through forcible entry, in order to secure information, confuse an adversary, capture personnel or equipment, or destroy an objective or capability is called a _____. It ends with a planned withdrawal upon completion of the assigned mission.

raid

What is an example of an organization similar to NATO?

Alliance

Key considerations involved in planning and conducting multinational operations are affected by _____.

motives and values of the organization's members Signup and view all the answers

Factors that enhance interoperability are _____.

a command atmosphere that permits positive criticism and rewards the sharing of information. Signup and view all the answers

Developing and maintaining professional relationships with multinational partners means _____.

recognizing that their training and education may differ, but does not mean they are less dedicated or professional. Signup and view all the answers

The vetting process for participation in multinational operations serves as a mechanism to ____.

increase perceived legitimacy of operations domestically and internationally. Signup and view all the answers

Factors affecting military capabilities of nations include _____.

leader development and national interest. Signup and view all the answers

When employing local national support, appropriate security measures should be taken to _____.

ensure that contracted linguists do not jeopardize operations through espionage. Signup and view all the answers

During the conduct of military operations, multinational personnel must be able to _____.

properly control, maintain, protect, and account for all detainees according to applicable domestic law, regardless of their category. Signup and view all the answers

The primary function of the Services and Special Operations Commands is to provide forces, each of which is organized, trained, and equipped to perform specific roles.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the Army's primary role?

to train and equip itself for the overwhelming and synchronized application of land combat power. Signup and view all the answers

Army Special Operations missions can include which of the following?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are the fundamental roles of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard in the implementation of the National Security Strategy?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

These capabilities comprise the core of U.S. maritime power and reflect an increase in emphasis on those activities that prevent war and build partnerships.

forward presence, deterrence, sea and area control, power projection, maritime security, and humanitarian assistance and disaster response (HA/DR) Signup and view all the answers

Marine Corps forces exploit the Total Force concept, employing combinations of active duty and reserve Marines to ensure that missions are effectively and efficiently executed.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are roles of the Marine according to Title 10 U.S. Code?

Develop tactics, techniques, and equipment-use phases of amphibious operations by landing. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines the benefits of versatility in aerospace power?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Aerospace Force produces synergistic effects that are designed not to exceed separately employed individual forces.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are among the Coast Guard roles?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

The Army can trace its origins to colonial America.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which Army regulations include every detail of a Soldier's life?

the Army Regs of 1821 Signup and view all the answers

During the early 1990s, what event shifted the focus of the Army's activities toward stopping old rivalries and conflicts?

the collapse of the Warsaw Pact. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the lessons learned during the Mexican War did the Union Navy use?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Which technological advancement turned the tide on the U-boats?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Through which strategies has the U.S. Navy retained its traditional roles while expanding into expeditionary warfare?

"From the Sea" and later "Forward from the Sea" Signup and view all the answers

Why was the participation of the Montford Point Marines in the amphibious assault at Saipan such a historic event?

It represented the final and full integration of the Armed Forces. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of how the Marines have adapted and evolved as an expeditionary force?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

In the name of strategic mobility, the Marines adopted prepositioning for which of the following purposes?

to provide material needed to sustain a brigade for 30 days in a potential combat zone. Signup and view all the answers

During the 1930s, which two essential building blocks for an effective air force fell into place?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following problems faced the newly created Air Force in 1947?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

The Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff provides a channel of communication between the President and SECDEF and the Combatant CDRs.

True Signup and view all the answers

NSA provides which of the following support?

Solutions, products, and services. Signup and view all the answers

The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is operated by which countries?

USA and Canada Signup and view all the answers

The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) works with the Combatant Commanders (CCDRs) of which commands?

USSTRATCOM Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of irregular warfare?

A violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence. Signup and view all the answers

The effectiveness of the U.S. to achieve national strategic objectives depends on the effectiveness of the U.S. Government in employing the instrument of national power, which are _____

Diplomatic, informational, military, and economic. Signup and view all the answers

What does the President of the United States provide for national security?

Guidance for the developing, applying, and coordinating the instruments of national power to achieve objectives. Signup and view all the answers

What does the National Military Strategy describe?

Guidance for distributing and applying military power. Signup and view all the answers

The statutory members of the National Security Council include:

President, Vice President, Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, and Secretary of Energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the National Security Council?

The President's principal forum for considering national security policy matters. Signup and view all the answers

The operational chain of command runs from the President to the Secretary of Defense and then to:

Combatant CDRs. Signup and view all the answers

The non-operational chain of command runs from the President to the Secretary of Defense and then to:

Secretaries of the Military Departments and to the Service Chiefs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff?

He is the principal military advisor to the President, National Security Council, and Secretary of Defense. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Combatant Command?

A unified or specified command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Joint Task Force?

A joint force constituted with specific limited objectives. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are types of joint force commanders?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are Functional Component CDRs examples of?

Joint force air component commander, joint force land component commander, and joint force maritime component commander. Signup and view all the answers

What are Subordinate Unified Commands?

Commands established by combatant commanders authorized by the SECDEF through the CJCS. Signup and view all the answers

Combatant Commanders exercise _____ (command authority) over assigned forces.

Combatant Command (COCOM). Signup and view all the answers

The authority to perform functions of command over subordinate forces is known as _____

Operational Control (OPCON). Signup and view all the answers

What are the four categories of support?

General, mutual, direct, and close. Signup and view all the answers

Command authority over assigned forces is known as _____

Tactical control (TACON). Signup and view all the answers

The command authority that allows one organization to aid another is called _____

Support. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are instruments of national power?

Economics Signup and view all the answers

The relevance of the interagency process at the strategic level to the combatant CDRs and the US military is that it yields major national security policy decisions.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does Joint Interagency Coordination Group (JIACG) provide?

Increased capability to coordinate with other US government agencies. Signup and view all the answers

What is Annex V in a CCDR's Operation Plan?

Specifies capabilities needed and shared understanding of the situation. Signup and view all the answers

The four most basic elements of national power are _____

DIME. Signup and view all the answers

What does Foreign Policy Advisor (POLAD) provide?

Foreign policy perspectives and diplomatic considerations. Signup and view all the answers

What does Interagency Coordination involve?

Interaction between agencies of the US government for accomplishing objectives. Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is the principal policy-making forum responsible for the nation's security strategy?

National Security Council (NSC). Signup and view all the answers

What are the criticisms of the interagency process?

Time-consuming, cumbersome, and there isn't anyone in charge. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represent the Statutory Advisors of the National Security Council?

Joint Chiefs of Staff Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of formal interagency committees within the National Security Council?

Principals, deputies, and interagency policy. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the principal military advisor to the President, the National Security Council, and the Secretary of Defense?

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal forum to advise the President on national security?

National Security Council. Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of unified action highlight?

The synergistic application of all instruments of national power. Signup and view all the answers

What is civil support in the defense community?

Assistance provided to U.S. civil authorities during emergencies. Signup and view all the answers

Why must the combatant commander coordinate closely with the ambassador?

The ambassador can deny military actions. Signup and view all the answers

Who is represented on the Country Team by the Department of Defense?

Defense Attaché and Security Cooperation Organization. Signup and view all the answers

What does JIACG stand for?

Joint Interagency Coordination Group. Signup and view all the answers

What type of organizations are NGOs?

Independent, diverse, flexible, grassroots-focused relief providers. Signup and view all the answers

In most situations, IGOs and NGOs need which military capabilities?

Logistics, communications, and security. Signup and view all the answers

What does the JTF commander establish to facilitate unified action?

Civil-Military Operations Center (CMOC). Signup and view all the answers

A particular type of operation is not doctrinally fixed and could shift within the range of military operations.

True Signup and view all the answers

The range of military operations includes three categories: (1) military engagement, security cooperation, and deterrence; (2) crisis response; and _____

Major operations and campaigns. Signup and view all the answers

What are crisis response operations?

Limited in scope and scale to achieve specific objectives. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of deterrence?

To demonstrate national resolve and willingness to use force. Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of specifying the _____ is to direct military operations toward a clearly defined goal.

Objective. Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of _____ is to concentrate combat power at advantageous places.

Mass. Signup and view all the answers

Combatant commanders and subordinate joint force commanders must integrate military actions to promote _____

Unity of effort. Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of _____ is to maintain legal and moral authority in operations.

Legitimacy. Signup and view all the answers

What does deterrence help prevent?

Adversary action through the presentation of a credible threat. Signup and view all the answers

What does emergency preparedness encompass?

Planning activities to support national security emergencies. Signup and view all the answers

Combating terrorism involves which two types of measures?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What is enforcement of sanctions?

An operation to interdict designated items into or out of a nation. Signup and view all the answers

What is Special Force Assistance (SFA)?

DOD's contribution to develop foreign security forces. Signup and view all the answers

What are show of force operations?

Actions demonstrating U.S. resolve using credible military force. Signup and view all the answers

When should planning for stability operations begin?

When joint operation planning is initiated. Signup and view all the answers

Although _ may be the stronger force posture, it is the _ that is normally decisive in combat.

Defense, offense. Signup and view all the answers

Major operation and campaign plans must feature a(n) _____ offensive, defensive, and stability operations.

Appropriate balance between. Signup and view all the answers

What do joint force commanders strive to isolate enemies from?

Allies and sanctuary. Signup and view all the answers

Preplanned, deterrence-oriented actions are known as _____

Flexible deterrent options (FDO). Signup and view all the answers

A joint military operation aimed at seizing a military lodgment is called _____

Forcible entry. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate measure of success in peacebuilding?

Political, not military. Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for planning and coordinating U.S. government efforts in stabilization and reconstruction?

Department of State. Signup and view all the answers

Pursuant to Executive Order 12656, who is responsible for the protection of American citizens abroad?

Department of State. Signup and view all the answers

What are peace enforcement operations?

Military operations to compel compliance with resolutions. Signup and view all the answers

What is established in foreign humanitarian assistance operations for coordination?

Civil-Military Operations Center. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Communication and Leadership in National Defense

The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff facilitates communication between the President, Secretary of Defense, and Combatant Commanders.
The operational chain of command and non-operational chain of command follow the same initial structure: from the President to the Secretary of Defense.

National Security Structure

The National Security Council (NSC) is the main forum for national security policy discussions, comprising the President and senior advisors.
Statutory members include the President, Vice President, Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, and Secretary of Energy.

Military Operations and Strategy

Irregular warfare involves a struggle for legitimacy and influence among state and non-state actors using indirect methods.
National Military Strategy, outlined by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, focuses on military power distribution to achieve strategic objectives.

Instruments of National Power

The U.S. employs four main instruments to achieve strategic goals: Diplomatic, Informational, Military, and Economic (DIME).
Support categories in military operations include General, Mutual, Direct, and Close support.

Joint Forces and Command Structure

Combatant Commanders (CCDRs) exercise Combatant Command authority, the broadest command authority over assigned forces.
Joint Task Forces (JTF) are formed for specific missions with limited objectives, dissolving once those objectives are met.

Collaboration and Coordination

The Joint Interagency Coordination Group (JIACG) enhances coordination between U.S. government agencies and military operations.
The Country Team, including Defense Attaché and Security Cooperation Organization, facilitates rapid interagency interactions in foreign missions.

Humanitarian and Civil Operations

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) frequently provide essential assistance in humanitarian crises and are often on the ground before and after military involvement.
Civil-Military Operations Centers (CMOCs) are established to enhance collaboration with IGOs and NGOs in humanitarian missions.

Planning and Execution of Military Operations

Military operations fall into three categories: Military Engagement, Crisis Response, and Major Operations and Campaigns.
Effective planning integrates offensive, defensive, and stability operations, beginning during joint operation planning.

Peacekeeping and Crisis Management

Operations for recovery, enforcement of sanctions, and peace enforcement depend on strategic military capabilities applied in coordination with international laws.
Achieving political goals is a primary yardstick for success in peacekeeping missions.

Multinational Operations

Addressing motives and values of partner organizations is crucial for effective planning in multinational operations.
The vetting process increases the legitimacy of operations and necessitates strong relationships with international partners.

National and International Security

Ensuring security when using local nationals involves safeguarding against espionage risks.
Emergency preparedness includes planning for continuity in governmental operations during crises affecting national security.### Military Operations and Personnel Management
Multinational personnel must control, maintain, protect, and account for detainees in compliance with domestic law.

Army Structure and Functions

Services and Special Operations Commands are organized, trained, and equipped to perform specific military roles.
Army's primary role: training and equipping for the synchronized application of land combat power.

Special Operations and Humanitarian Role

Army Special Operations missions include humanitarian assistance, training foreign militaries, and major combat operations.

U.S. Maritime Security Roles

Fundamental roles of the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard:
- Secure the U.S. from direct attacks.
- Ensure strategic access and global freedom of action.
- Strengthen alliances and partnerships.
- Establish favorable security conditions.

Core U.S. Maritime Capabilities

Core capabilities: forward presence, deterrence, sea and area control, power projection, maritime security, humanitarian assistance, and disaster response.

Marine Corps Operations

Total Force concept utilized by Marine Corps ensures effective execution using active duty and reserve Marines.
Marine roles as per Title 10 US code include tactics, techniques, and equipment for amphibious operations.

Aerospace Power Versatility

Versatility enables aerospace forces to operate effectively at strategic, operational, and tactical levels simultaneously.

Coast Guard Roles

Key Coast Guard roles include:
- Transfer to Navy for operations.
- Law enforcement and environmental protection.
- Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations.
- Search and rescue missions.

Historical Context of the Army

The Army traces its origins to colonial America.
The Army regulations from 1821 detail soldiers' lives and conduct.
The collapse of the Warsaw Pact in the 1990s shifted the Army's focus to addressing old conflicts.

Union Navy Lessons from History

Union Navy applied lessons from the Mexican War, such as:
- Seizing ports from the sea.
- Embargoing trade and implementing a blockade.

Technological Advancements in Naval Warfare

Key advancements against U-boats included long-range reconnaissance planes, escort carriers, advanced sonar-equipped destroyers, direction finding equipment, and anti-submarine weapons.

U.S. Navy Strategy Evolution

The Navy expanded into expeditionary warfare through strategies like "From the Sea" and "Forward from the Sea."

Integration of Armed Forces

The Montford Point Marines' role at Saipan was significant for the full integration of the Armed Forces.

Marine Corps Adaptation

Adaptations of the Marine Corps as an expeditionary force include:
- Amphibious operations and Marine Air-Ground Task Forces (MAGTF).
- Close air support and helicopter-borne vertical envelopment tactics.

Strategic Mobility and Prepositioning

Prepositioning enables the Marine Corps to sustain brigades for 30 days in potential combat zones through stored materials.

Air Force Development in the 1930s

Essential developments for an effective air force during the 1930s:
- Clear tactics for air-ground cooperation.
- Comprehensive air warfare doctrine.

Early Air Force Challenges

Challenges faced by the Air Force in 1947 included:
- Establishing organizations for air operations.
- Transitioning from propeller to jet aircraft.
- Modifying doctrine and tactics for nuclear weapons.
- Developing ballistic missile capabilities.
- Arranging support services previously provided by the Army.

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Test your knowledge with SEJPME One flashcards focusing on Joint Knowledge Online (JKO). This quiz covers key concepts related to military communication and organizational structures among the U.S. military and its leadership. Challenge yourself and prepare effectively!