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Questions and Answers
Apakah ciri-ciri awal tamadun manusia?
Membangun di lembah sungai subur, berdasarkan agronomi dan perdagangan, mempunyai sistem kerajaan, hierarki sosial, dan sistem penulisan, serta membuat sumbangan signifikan terhadap pengetahuan dan budaya manusia.
Di mana dan bila manusia moden (Homo sapiens) berevolusi?
Di Afrika sekitar 300,000 tahun lalu.
Apakah ciri-ciri penting Tamadun Mesopotamia?
Membangun sistem penulisan cuneiform, roda, dan sistem kerajaan, serta menubuhkan kota-negara seperti Babylon dan Assyria.
Bagaimanakah pertanian mempengaruhi kehidupan awal manusia?
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Apakah sumbangan Tamadun Indus Valley Civilization terhadap pembangunan manusia?
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Apakah ciri-ciri penting Firaun dalam Tamadun Mesir Purba?
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Study Notes
Sejarah Bab 1: Early Human Civilization
Definition of Sejarah
- Sejarah is the Malay word for "history"
- Refers to the study of past human events and societies
Early Human Civilization
Emergence of Humans
- Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago
- Early humans lived in small nomadic groups, surviving by hunting and gathering
Development of Agriculture
- Around 10,000 years ago, humans began to domesticate plants and animals
- Agriculture led to the development of settled communities and eventually, civilizations
Characteristics of Early Civilizations
- Developed in fertile river valleys (e.g. Nile, Tigris, Yellow)
- Based on agriculture and trade
- Had a system of government, social hierarchy, and writing
- Made significant contributions to human knowledge and culture
Early Civilizations
Mesopotamia (3500 BCE)
- Located in present-day Iraq
- Developed writing (cuneiform), wheel, and governance systems
- Established city-states, such as Babylon and Assyria
Ancient Egypt (3100 BCE)
- Located in northeastern Africa
- Developed hieroglyphic writing, pyramids, and mummification
- Pharaohs ruled as gods, with a strong centralized government
Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BCE)
- Located in present-day Pakistan and northwestern India
- Developed urban planning, architecture, and water management systems
- Known for its sophisticated city planning and drainage systems
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Description
Pelajaran tentang sejarah awal manusia, dari asal-usul manusia hingga perkembangan tamadun awal di Mesopotamia, Mesir Purba, dan Lembah Indus.
