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Sedimentary Structures and Stratification Quiz

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Sedimentary Structures and Stratification Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of cross-bedding?

The layers within the bed are horizontal at the time of deposition.

The sediment surface is characterized by symmetric ripple marks.

The layers within the bed are inclined at the time of deposition. (correct)

The grain size decreases from the bottom to the top of the bed.

Which of the following is a characteristic of asymmetric ripple marks?

They are useful as a directional indicator, with the crest pointing up-flow.

They are produced by back-and-forth wave motion.

They are typically characterized by a long face and a short face, with the short face pointing down-current. (correct)

They have pointed crests and rounded troughs.

What information can fossil burrows provide about the depositional environment?

The grain size of the sediment and how it varied over time.

Biologically-created sedimentary structures can provide information about the depositional environment. (correct)

The presence and direction of unidirectional currents, such as in streams or rivers.

The direction of the current that formed the sedimentary structures.

What is the primary characteristic of graded bedding?

The grain size decreases from the bottom to the top of the bed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mud cracks in sedimentary environments?

They form as a result of drying and contraction of mud sediment, and can indicate alternating wet and dry conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of sedimentary structure is characterized by depressions or erosional features formed as a current flows across a bed of sand?

Scour marks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sedimentary structure?

Faults Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sedimentary structures indicates the direction of flow?

Cross-bedding Signup and view all the answers

In which depositional environment would you expect to find massive bedding?

A low-energy lacustrine environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about laminations is correct?

They are common in mudrocks Signup and view all the answers

What information can sedimentary structures provide about paleoenvironments?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of studying sedimentary structures?