Sedimentary Basins & Rocks

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Questions and Answers

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed through the lithification of clastic sediments?

  • Organic sedimentary rocks
  • Biochemical sedimentary rocks
  • Clastic sedimentary rocks (correct)
  • Chemical sedimentary rocks

Where are sediments deposited in the formation of sedimentary basins?

  • In ocean trenches
  • In topographic lows (correct)
  • In mountain ranges
  • In topographic highs

Which type of basin is created by extension perpendicular to its orientation?

  • Strike-slip basin (correct)
  • Foreland basin
  • Rift basin
  • Transform basin

Which type of sedimentary rock forms in shallow, warm waters where invertebrate animals live and absorb calcium carbonate to form their skeletons?

<p>Limestone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of oil and gas in sedimentary rocks?

<p>Organic-rich shales (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sedimentary rock is composed of spherical grains of calcium carbonate precipitated around a nucleus in shallow tropical seas?

<p>Coal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which sediments are transformed into solid rocks?

<p>Lithification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a sedimentary basin mentioned in the text?

<p>Oceanic basin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of basin is created by a step in a transform fault?

<p>Strike-slip basin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does sediment supply for rift basins come from?

<p>Adjacent basement highs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sedimentary rock forms in quiet water settings such as floodplains, lagoons, mudflats, deltas, and deep-water basins?

<p>Clastic sedimentary rock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process by which sediments are transformed into solid rocks?

<p>Diagenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sedimentary rock forms in shallow, warm waters where invertebrate animals (e.g. shells, crinoids, byrozoans) live?

<p>Biochemical sedimentary rock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed through the precipitation of calcium carbonate around a nucleus in shallow tropical seas?

<p>Chemical sedimentary rock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of basin is created by a step in a transform fault?

<p>Strike-slip Basin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of basin is created by extension perpendicular to its orientation?

<p>Syn-rift Basin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process by which sediments are transformed into solid rocks?

<p>Lithification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a chemical sedimentary rock mentioned in the text?

<p>Limestone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process responsible for the formation of biochemical sedimentary rocks?

<p>Precipitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sedimentary rock is formed from the lithification of organic matter?

<p>Shale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a classification of clastic sedimentary rocks based on grain size and angularity?

<p>Conglomerate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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