Sedatives & Hypnotics for Sleep Wake Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Which medication is classified as a short-intermediate acting benzo receptor agonist?

  • Ramelteon
  • Temazepam
  • Zolpidem
  • Eszopiclone (correct)

    • What type of medication is zolpidem?

  • Long-acting sedative
  • Antidepressant
  • Short-intermediate acting benzo receptor agonist (correct)
  • Antipsychotic

    • Which one of these medications would be a first-line choice for treating primary insomnia?

  • Ramelteon
  • Zaleplon
  • Zolpidem (correct)
  • Temazepam

    • What is the main use of temazepam in the context of sleep disorders?

    <p>Difficulty falling or remaining asleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication would be most suitable for a patient experiencing frequent nocturnal awakenings?

    <p>Zaleplon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the listed medications is NOT recommended for long-term use in treating insomnia?

    <p>Temazepam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ramelteon from the other medications mentioned?

    <p>It is a melatonin receptor agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of sleep is Eszopiclone (Lunesta) commonly used?

    <p>Maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Over-the-counter (OTC) sedative/hypnotics can lead to rapidly developing tolerance to their sedating effects.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main MOA (Mechanism of Action) of Ramelteon?

    <p>Selective melatonin 1 and 2 agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a long-lasting agent and may cause excessive drowsiness?

    <p>Flurazepam (Dalmane)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Flurazepam generally avoided in older adults?

    <p>Excessive drowsiness and long-acting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Priapism', a persistent and painful erection, is commonly associated with which antidepressant used for sleep?

    <p>Doxepin (Sinequan)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Armodafinil (Nuvigil)' is primarily indicated for which condition?

    <p>Excessive daytime sleepiness associated with OSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Zaleplon not suitable for long-term use?

    <p>Short half-life and quick onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication helps with staying asleep?

    <p>Eszopiclone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is approved for short-term insomnia and has a short half-life?

    <p>Zolpidem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a GABA-PAM (Positive Allosteric Modulator) and can be used long term?

    <p>Zaleplon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is known for causing anterograde amnesia, hallucinations, and parasomnias?

    <p>Zolpidem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a selective Melatonin agonist and does not lead to tolerance or dependence?

    <p>Ramelteon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is recommended with an empty stomach for better absorption?

    <p>Zaleplon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can be associated with increased fall risk and GI effects in addition to anterograde amnesia and hallucinations?

    <p>Zolpidem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication should avoid use with the elderly due to moderate anticholinergic effects?

    <p>Diphenhydramine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?

    <p>Dopamine agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for Restless Legs Syndrome?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates Restless Legs Syndrome from other conditions?

    <p>Relief with movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for insomnia recommended for elderly patients?

    <p>Trazodone and Remeron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can trigger symptoms consistent with Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)?

    <p>Activating serotonergic agents like Effexor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic that worsens Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?

    <p>Inactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is recommended for RLS when dopamine agonists are ineffective?

    <p>Gabapentin; pregabalin(Lyrica)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disorder is characterized by impaired sleep and daytime functioning along with involuntary jerking movements of limbs during sleep?

    <p>Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for narcolepsy with cataplexy?

    <p>Sodium oxybate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication should be avoided with alcohol and other CNS depressants due to its interactions?

    <p>Temazepam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is known for causing memory impairment, ataxia, and rebound insomnia in elderly patients?

    <p>Trazodone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of narcolepsy involving brief episodes of sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone?

    <p>Cataplexy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is classified as a REM suppression drug for narcolepsy management?

    <p>Prozac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of narcolepsy, what is the role of hypocretin-producing neurons in the hypothalamus?

    <p>Control of muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

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