Sedatives & Hypnotics for Sleep Wake Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Which medication is classified as a short-intermediate acting benzo receptor agonist?

  • Ramelteon
  • Temazepam
  • Zolpidem
  • Eszopiclone (correct)

What type of medication is zolpidem?

  • Long-acting sedative
  • Antidepressant
  • Short-intermediate acting benzo receptor agonist (correct)
  • Antipsychotic

Which one of these medications would be a first-line choice for treating primary insomnia?

  • Ramelteon
  • Zaleplon
  • Zolpidem (correct)
  • Temazepam

What is the main use of temazepam in the context of sleep disorders?

<p>Difficulty falling or remaining asleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication would be most suitable for a patient experiencing frequent nocturnal awakenings?

<p>Zaleplon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the listed medications is NOT recommended for long-term use in treating insomnia?

<p>Temazepam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ramelteon from the other medications mentioned?

<p>It is a melatonin receptor agonist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of sleep is Eszopiclone (Lunesta) commonly used?

<p>Maintenance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or False: Over-the-counter (OTC) sedative/hypnotics can lead to rapidly developing tolerance to their sedating effects.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main MOA (Mechanism of Action) of Ramelteon?

<p>Selective melatonin 1 and 2 agonist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a long-lasting agent and may cause excessive drowsiness?

<p>Flurazepam (Dalmane) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Flurazepam generally avoided in older adults?

<p>Excessive drowsiness and long-acting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Priapism', a persistent and painful erection, is commonly associated with which antidepressant used for sleep?

<p>Doxepin (Sinequan) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Armodafinil (Nuvigil)' is primarily indicated for which condition?

<p>Excessive daytime sleepiness associated with OSA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Zaleplon not suitable for long-term use?

<p>Short half-life and quick onset of action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication helps with staying asleep?

<p>Eszopiclone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is approved for short-term insomnia and has a short half-life?

<p>Zolpidem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a GABA-PAM (Positive Allosteric Modulator) and can be used long term?

<p>Zaleplon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is known for causing anterograde amnesia, hallucinations, and parasomnias?

<p>Zolpidem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a selective Melatonin agonist and does not lead to tolerance or dependence?

<p>Ramelteon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is recommended with an empty stomach for better absorption?

<p>Zaleplon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can be associated with increased fall risk and GI effects in addition to anterograde amnesia and hallucinations?

<p>Zolpidem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should avoid use with the elderly due to moderate anticholinergic effects?

<p>Diphenhydramine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?

<p>Dopamine agonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for Restless Legs Syndrome?

<p>Antidepressants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates Restless Legs Syndrome from other conditions?

<p>Relief with movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for insomnia recommended for elderly patients?

<p>Trazodone and Remeron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can trigger symptoms consistent with Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)?

<p>Activating serotonergic agents like Effexor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic that worsens Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?

<p>Inactivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is recommended for RLS when dopamine agonists are ineffective?

<p>Gabapentin; pregabalin(Lyrica) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disorder is characterized by impaired sleep and daytime functioning along with involuntary jerking movements of limbs during sleep?

<p>Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for narcolepsy with cataplexy?

<p>Sodium oxybate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should be avoided with alcohol and other CNS depressants due to its interactions?

<p>Temazepam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is known for causing memory impairment, ataxia, and rebound insomnia in elderly patients?

<p>Trazodone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of narcolepsy involving brief episodes of sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone?

<p>Cataplexy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is classified as a REM suppression drug for narcolepsy management?

<p>Prozac (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of narcolepsy, what is the role of hypocretin-producing neurons in the hypothalamus?

<p>Control of muscle tone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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