Securing Networks

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common vector for data loss?

  • Encrypted external hard drives
  • Secure cloud storage
  • Proper access control
  • Email/Webmail (correct)

What is the primary function of a worm in the context of network security threats?

  • To automatically replicate and spread across the network (correct)
  • To disguise itself as legitimate software
  • To encrypt important files.
  • To execute specific unwanted functions on a computer

In the context of network security, what does 'mitigation' refer to?

  • The initial point of attack on a network.
  • Actions taken to reduce the severity of a threat. (correct)
  • The process of assessing potential risks.
  • The process of identifying vulnerabilities.

Which of the following roles is primarily responsible for overseeing an organization's information security?

<p>Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of reconnaissance attacks?

<p>Gathering information about a target (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which security measure is most effective in rendering packet sniffer attacks useless?

<p>Data encryption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a 'script kiddie'?

<p>Using existing tools to perform attacks without deep understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the purpose of 'Control Plane Policing' (CoPP)?

<p>Protecting the control plane by filtering traffic destined to the router itself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a virus and a Trojan horse?

<p>Viruses self-replicate; Trojan horses do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of network security, what does the acronym 'CIA' stand for?

<p>Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network is typically used to connect multiple sites across large geographical distances?

<p>Wide Area Network (WAN) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following network security domains involves ensuring that vendors meet security requirements?

<p>Information systems acquisition, development, and maintenance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attack involves an attacker impersonating a legitimate user to gain unauthorized access to a system or network?

<p>Spoofing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among password, port redirection, man-in-the-middle, buffer overflow, IP, MAC and DHCP spoofing, which of the following isn't a type of Access Attack?

<p>Buffer Overflow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism is used to guarantee the 'integrity' aspect of the CIA triad?

<p>Hashing algorithms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inoculating the network?

<p>Mitigating Worms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which security measure is most effective in defending networks against distributed denial-of-service(DDOS) attacks?

<p>Quality of Service - Traffic Policing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods/resources is LEAST effective for protecting networks?

<p>Ignoring physical access to systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If threat 'A' has a CVSS score of 7.5/5.5 and threat 'B' has a CVSS score of 5.0/3.7, what is the primary key difference between the two?

<p>Threat 'A' should have a higher priority to resolve compared to threat 'B' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the underlying action of both "authorizing actions" and "presenting legal notification"?

<p>Making sure the user knows their access is being monitored (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the slides, explaining network security is a chapter objective.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In data center perimeter security, electronic motion detectors are generally used for outside perimeter security.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the course material, 'Risk' is not considered a common network security term.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A network of infected hosts is called a botnet.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the course material, continuous video surveillance only applies to inside perimeter security.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An internal threat always originates from within the local network; external threats, from the Internet.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A wireless router is commonly found in Campus Area Networks.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Wide Area Network (WAN), a branch site connects directly to individual mobile workers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the slides, a denial-of-service attack attempts to disrupt services.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A primary goal of access attacks is often to escalate access privileges.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, 'Spearshading' is a type of social engineering attack.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of network security, 'tailgating' refers to the unauthorized following of someone into a restricted area.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the slides, an example of 'something for something' is a type of social engineering.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Black Hat hackers are generally known for disclosing vulnerabilities to vendors to patch them.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the presentation slides, 'cyber terrorists' are an outdated category of hackers and are no longer relevant in the modern threat landscape.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Exploiting a known vulnerability in an operating system would be categorized as 'hacking an operating system'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, data modification is NOT classified as a network hacking attack.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary purpose of a Trojan horse is to replicate itself across a network.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the slides, implementing a non-switched infrastructure is a reconnaissance attack mitigation technique.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A rootkit is a self-replicating type of malware that spreads across the network and leverages system vulnerabilities to infect other devices.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a Virus?

A malicious software that executes a specific, unwanted, and often harmful function on a computer.

What is a Worm?

Malicious code that replicates itself to spread across a network from system to system.

What is a Trojan Horse?

A non-self-replicating type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate application or file, often containing malicious code.

What is Tailgating?

Illegally entering premises or systems by following someone who has legitimate access.

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What is Phishing?

An attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details by disguising as a trustworthy entity in electronic communication.

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What is Confidentiality?

Using encryption to scramble data, ensuring only authorized parties can decipher and read it.

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What is Integrity?

Employing hashing algorithms to verify data remains unaltered, guaranteeing its reliability during operation.

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What is Availability?

Implementing network hardening and backup systems ensures data accessibility when needed.

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What is a Security Policy?

A set of rules outlining how a network and its resources are protected.

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What is Risk Assessment?

Examining and minimizing potential risks to reduce impact on an organization.

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Who is a Hacker?

A person who breaks into computer systems or networks, often without authorization.

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What is Denial-of-Service?

An attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users.

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Who are Black Hat Hackers?

Categories of hackers who break into systems for malicious purposes or personal gain.

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Who are Grey Hat Hackers?

Categories of hackers who exploit vulnerabilities but disclose them rather than exploit them maliciously.

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Who are White Hat Hackers?

Categories of hackers who exploit system vulnerabilities with permission.

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What is Authentication?

Tools and processes used to verify the identity of network users, devices, or applications.

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What is Access Control?

The defense practice to control who can access the network resources.

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What is Threat

An action or event that could potentially cause damage or loss to a computer system or network.

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What is Reconnaissance?

The act of gathering information about a target network or system to identify potential vulnerabilities.

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What is Pretexting?

Pretending to be someone else to gain access to information or systems.

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What is a Network Worm?

Malicious code that installs copies of itself and spreads across a network without user intervention.

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What is a Botnet?

A network of infected computers controlled by a hacker, used to perform DDoS attacks.

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Security Software Disabler

Security software that can be bypassed deliberately.

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Network Eavesdropping

Illegally eavesdropping data transmitted over a network.

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Data Modification

Altering or corrupting data as it is transmitted across a network.

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IP Address Spoofing

Falsifying the source IP address in network packets to disguise the sender's identity.

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Evil Twin Attack

Creating a false WI-FI hotspot that appears legitimate to steal user credentials.

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Vulnerability Scanners

Programs designed to detect and analyze network vulnerabilities.

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Principle of Minimum Trust

The principle of granting users only the minimum level of access needed.

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Cryptography in Security

Using encryption to protect transmitted information.

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What is Ransomware?

A type of malware that locks a user's computer or files and demands a ransom to restore access.

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Study Notes

Network Security Professionals

  • Common roles include; Chief Information Officer (CIO), Security Operations Manager, Chief Security Officer (CSO), Security Manager and Network Security Engineer.

Network Security Organizations

  • Examples include; CERT, SANS, MITRE, FIRST, INFOSYSSEC, MS-ISAC.

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability

  • Availability involves assuring data is accessible with network hardening mechanisms and through the use of backup systems.
  • Confidentiality involves using encryption to encrypt and hide data.
  • Integrity involves using hashing algorithms to ensure data is unaltered during its operation.

Network Security Domains

  • Network security domains to consider includes; risk assessment, security policy, and the organization of information security.
  • Further domains; asset management, human resources security, and physical plus environmental security are items for consideration.
  • Other domains are; communications and operations management, information systems acquisition, access control, and business continuity management and compliance.

Network Security Policy Objectives

  • Network security policy objectives should address data, processes, mission, and critical systems.

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